271 research outputs found
Sistema de fabricación de materiales en forma de capas delgadas de elementos, compuestos y aleaciones mediante deposición física de vapor (PVD).
Resumen del proyecto agregador titulado "Sistema de fabricación de materiales en forma de capas delgadas de elementos, compuestos y aleaciones mediante deposición física de vapor (PVD)" del IMEYMAT
La protección de datos en terminales y ordenadores de uso público
In this work it is carried out an analysis, search of solutions and later use to introduce a security policy to guarantee users data protection in public terminals or computers with Internet connection. As an example of these there are, terminals placed in universities, cybercafes, Internet access in libraries, free access classrooms in universities, etc., some of them are very extended in Europe. To carry out this investigation, the directives 95/46/CE and 2002/58/EC of European Parliament and of the Council and the Organic Laws 10/1995 and 15/1999 of the Spanish Penal Code have been studied. This kind of environments does not have an explicit legislation with its all characteristics that assures the users privacy. For this development the inconveniences in a transmission medium has been analysed due to the unprotected users data circulation in the local network medium. Subsequently, a study of the deficiencies in the initial configuration in some terminals or computers operating systems, according to the request of being used by multiple users has been carried out. Likewise, the administrator configurations in this kind of environments have also been studied in order to develop some proposals and recommendations, in data privacy and protection. These proposals and recommendations should be adopted in organisms or companies with public terminals or computers to avoid harming this privacy, without the proprietor's consent. It is examined the directives 95/46/CE and 2002/58/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council, taking care of its repercussion in these kind of insecurities. Later, several implanted security policies are exposed to offer different adopted solutions. All of these solutions should be accomplished in every system independently of the hardware, the operating system or the used applications. Finally, it is elaborated some conclusions to indicate the necessity of a directive and laws to regulate the personal data protection in these environments
Exploitation and Processing of Online Information for Annotating and Generating Texts Adapted to the User
La gran cantidad de información disponible en Internet está dificultando cada vez más que los usuarios puedan digerir toda esa información, siendo actualmente casi impensable sin la ayuda de herramientas basadas en las Tecnologías del Lenguaje Humano (TLH), como pueden ser los recuperadores de información o resumidores automáticos. El interés de este proyecto emergente (y por tanto, su objetivo principal) viene motivado precisamente por la necesidad de definir y crear un marco tecnológico basado en TLH, capaz de procesar y anotar semánticamente la información, así como permitir la generación de información de forma automática, flexibilizando el tipo de información a presentar y adaptándola a las necesidades de los usuarios. En este artículo se proporciona una visión general de este proyecto, centrándonos en la arquitectura propuesta y el estado actual del mismo.The great amount of available online information is making increasingly more and more difficult that users can assimilate such as volume of information, being this almost inconceivable without using Human Language Technologies (HLT) tools, for instance, information retrieval systems or automatic summarisers. The interest of this emerging project (and therefore its main goal) is precisely motivated by the need to define and create a HLT-based technological framework, able to process and semantically annotate all this information, allowing also the automatic generation of information, and making the type of information to be presented more flexible by adapting it to the users' needs. This article provides an overview of this project, focusing on the proposed architecture and its current status.Este proyecto ha sido financiado por la Universidad de Alicante a través del proyecto emergente “Explotación y tratamiento de la información disponible en Internet para la anotación y generación de textos adaptados al usuario” (GRE13-15) y su temática se enmarca en el contexto de los proyectos “DIIM2.0: Desarrollo de técnicas Inteligentes e Interactivas de Minería y Generación de Información sobre la Web 2.0” (PROMETEOII/2014/001) financiado por la Generalitat Valenciana y el proyecto “Técnicas de Deconstrucción en la Tecnologías del Lenguaje Humano” (TIN2012-31224) financiado por Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad del Gobierno de España
Recycled hybrid material for use as shielding in operations with ionizing radiation
One of the most efficient measures to prevent gamma radiation is shielding, which can take the form of protection barriers, storage containers, wall coating, bunkers, or many others aimed at minimizing the exposure of people to radiation. The materials used to this end have not changed much since the invention of X-rays, when materials with high attenuation capacity were employed, such as lead, tungsten, or concrete. These are all high-density materials and, therefore, also very heavy, and some of them are expensive and not environmentally friendly, as they do not have many possibilities with regards to their recycling. Circular economy provides an opportunity to reintroduce subproducts and waste in the same production processes that generated them or as raw matters in others. The use of sustainable materials is one of these options; however, there is little research in the field of radiation protection about the use of recycled material to this end, and there are few alternative sustainable options different from conventional materials that show similar behaviour. In our study, we have designed and built shielded panels called Mixlead® for gammagraphy, made of 100 % recyclable materials with sandwich structures combining polymeric fractions of electric cables and lead-alloy protection sheets used in the packaging of radiographic plates. With a methodology combining shielding calculations and a series of thermomechanical-radiological tests, it was possible to accurately determine the thickness of Mixlead® necessary to perform the tests with security guarantees and meeting sustainability requirements for radioactive sources of Iridium (192Ir) and Selenium (75Se), the use of the former being predominant, with an average activity of 1 GBq. In order to reduce this activity 2 and 10 times, the necessary thickness would be 24 and 79 mm respectively, which represents 3 or 4 layers of Mixlead® material.15 página
Selectively boron doped homoepitaxial diamond growth for power device applications
Diamond lateral growth is a powerful technique for the design and fabrication of diamond-based power electronic devices. Growth orientation affects the diamond deposition in terms of growth rate, surface roughness, and impurity incorporation. It has been shown that the finally grown surface of a patterned substrate can be predesigned based on the growth conditions. Thus, simultaneous growth along different surface orientations yields regions with different properties. In line with this, the incorporation of boron in a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition laterally deposited epilayer over a mesa patterned {100}-oriented diamond substrate was studied by cathodoluminescence. It was observed that laterally oriented facets were highly boron doped in contrast to the {100}-oriented surfaces, which did not show any bound exciton emission, related to the doping. This study shows that, by designing the initial pattern and tuning the conditions, it is possible to drive a selective incorporation of boron into the grown layer
Managing summaries for mobile devices
Los dispositivos móviles han cambiado notablemente la forma en la que los usuarios acceden a la información disponible en Internet. Estos dispositivos permiten un acceso instantáneo desde cualquier lugar, pero tienen una serie de limitaciones importantes sobre los ordenadores personales. Su limitada pantalla, así como en ocasiones la limitada capacidad de recepción de la información, dado el coste, hacen que la selección de información a acceder sea todavía más importante. La generación automática de resúmenes multi-documentos es una alternativa de interés que es el objeto de este artículo. Así en este artículo se presentan y evalúan un modelo de generación automática de resúmenes, junto con un sistema de recuperación de información basado en pasajes.Mobile devices have significantly changed the way users access the information available on Internet. These devices allow instant access anytime and anywhere, but they have a number of important limitations with respect to personal computers. The limited screen space and, sometimes, the limited capacity to receive the information, make the selection of information even more important. Automatic summary generation from multi-document summarization is an interesting alternative which is the subject of this paper. Therefore, in this article is presented and evaluated a model of automatic summarization with an information retrieval system based on passages.Investigación realizada gracias a la financiación de los proyectos: DIIM2.0 (PROMETEOII/2014/001) de la Generalitat Valenciana; TIN2015-65100-R, DIGITY (TIN2015-65136-C2-2-R) del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y SAM (FP7-611312) de la Unión Europe
Natural Language Generation: Revision of the State of the Art
El ser humano se comunica y expresa a través del lenguaje. Para conseguirlo, ha de desarrollar una serie de habilidades de alto nivel cognitivo cuya complejidad se pone de manifiesto en la tarea de automatizar el proceso, tanto cuando se trata de producir lenguaje como de interpretarlo. Cuando la acción comunicativa ocurre entre una persona y un ordenador y éste último es el destinatario de la acción, se emplean lenguajes computacionales que, como norma general, están sujetos a un conjunto de reglas fuertemente tipadas, acotadas y sin ambigüedad. Sin embargo, cuando el sentido de la comunicación es el contrario y la máquina ha de transmitir información a la persona, si el mensaje se quiere transmitir en lenguaje natural, el procedimiento para generarlo debe lidiar con la flexibilidad y la ambigüedad que lo caracterizan, dando lugar a una tarea de alto nivel de complejidad. Para que las máquinas sean capaces de manejar el lenguaje humano se hacen necesarias técnicas de Lingüística Computacional. Dentro de esta disciplina, el campo que se encarga de crear textos en lenguaje natural se denomina Generación de Lenguaje Natural (GLN). En este artículo se va a hacer un recorrido exhaustivo de este campo. Se describen las fases en las que se suelen descomponer los sistemas de GLN junto a las técnicas que se aplican y se analiza con detalle la situación actual de esta área de investigación y su problemática, así como los recursos más relevantes y las técnicas que se están empleando para evaluar la calidad de los sistemas.Language is one of the highest cognitive skills developed by human beings and, therefore, one of the most complex tasks to be faced from the computational perspective. Human-computer communication processes imply two different degrees of difficulty depending on the nature of that communication. If the language used is oriented towards the domain of the machine, there is no place for ambiguity since it is restricted by rules. However, when the communication is in terms of natural language, its flexibility and ambiguity becomes unavoidable. Computational Linguistic techniques are mandatory for machines when it comes to process human language. Among them, the area of Natural Language Generation aims to automatical development of techniques to produce human utterances, text and speech. This paper presents a deep survey of this research area taking into account different points of view about the theories, methodologies, architectures, techniques and evaluation approaches, thus providing a review of the current situation and possible future research in the field.Esta investigación ha sido financiada por la Generalitat Valenciana a través del proyecto DIIM2.0: Desarrollo de técnicas Inteligentes e Interactivas de Minería y generación de información sobre la web 2.0 (PROMETEOII/2014/001). Además, ha sido parcialmente financiada por la Comisión Europea a través del proyecto SAM (FP7-611312); por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad del Gobierno de España mediante los proyectos: “Análisis de Tendencias Mediante Técnicas de Opinión Semántica” (TIN2012-38536-C03-03) y ‘Técnicas de Deconstrucción en la Tecnología del Lenguaje Humano” (TIN2012-31224); y finalmente, por la Universidad de Alicante a través del proyecto “Explotación y tratamiento de la información disponible en Internet para la anotación y generación de textos adaptados al usuario” (GRE13-15)
chroGPS, a global chromatin positioning system for the functional analysis and visualization of the epigenome
Development of tools to jointly visualize the genome and the epigenome remains a challenge. chroGPS is a computational approach that addresses this question. chroGPS uses multidimensional scaling techniques to represent similarity between epigenetic factors, or between genetic elements on the basis of their epigenetic state, in 2D/3D reference maps. We emphasize biological interpretability, statistical robustness, integration of genetic and epigenetic data from heterogeneous sources, and computational feasibility. Although chroGPS is a general methodology to create reference maps and study the epigenetic state of any class of genetic element or genomic region, we focus on two specific kinds of maps: chroGPSfactors, which visualizes functional similarities between epigenetic factors, and chroGPSgenes, which describes the epigenetic state of genes and integrates gene expression and other functional data. We use data from the modENCODE project on the genomic distribution of a large collection of epigenetic factors in Drosophila, a model system extensively used to study genome organization and function. Our results show that the maps allow straightforward visualization of relationships between factors and elements, capturing relevant information about their functional properties that helps to interpret epigenetic information in a functional context and derive testable hypotheses
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