Image_2_Effects of coastal saline-alkali soil on rhizosphere microbial community and crop yield of cotton at different growth stages.TIF

Soil salinization is a global constraint that significantly hampers agricultural production, with cotton being an important cash crop that is not immune to its detrimental effects. The rhizosphere microbiome plays a critical role in plant health and growth, which assists plants in resisting adverse abiotic stresses including soil salinization. This study explores the impact of soil salinization on cotton, including its effects on growth, yield, soil physical and chemical properties, as well as soil bacterial community structures. The results of β-diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil at different growth stages of cotton. Besides, the more severity of soil salinization, the more abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota enriched in rhizosphere bacterial composition where the abundance of Acidobacteriota exhibited the opposite trend. And the co-occurrence network analysis showed that soil salinization affected the complexity of soil bacterial co-occurrence network. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which soil salinization affects soil microorganisms in cotton rhizosphere soil and offer guidance for improving soil salinization using beneficial microorganisms.</p

Table_2_Effects of coastal saline-alkali soil on rhizosphere microbial community and crop yield of cotton at different growth stages.pdf

Soil salinization is a global constraint that significantly hampers agricultural production, with cotton being an important cash crop that is not immune to its detrimental effects. The rhizosphere microbiome plays a critical role in plant health and growth, which assists plants in resisting adverse abiotic stresses including soil salinization. This study explores the impact of soil salinization on cotton, including its effects on growth, yield, soil physical and chemical properties, as well as soil bacterial community structures. The results of β-diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil at different growth stages of cotton. Besides, the more severity of soil salinization, the more abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota enriched in rhizosphere bacterial composition where the abundance of Acidobacteriota exhibited the opposite trend. And the co-occurrence network analysis showed that soil salinization affected the complexity of soil bacterial co-occurrence network. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which soil salinization affects soil microorganisms in cotton rhizosphere soil and offer guidance for improving soil salinization using beneficial microorganisms.</p

Table_1_Effects of coastal saline-alkali soil on rhizosphere microbial community and crop yield of cotton at different growth stages.pdf

Soil salinization is a global constraint that significantly hampers agricultural production, with cotton being an important cash crop that is not immune to its detrimental effects. The rhizosphere microbiome plays a critical role in plant health and growth, which assists plants in resisting adverse abiotic stresses including soil salinization. This study explores the impact of soil salinization on cotton, including its effects on growth, yield, soil physical and chemical properties, as well as soil bacterial community structures. The results of β-diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil at different growth stages of cotton. Besides, the more severity of soil salinization, the more abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota enriched in rhizosphere bacterial composition where the abundance of Acidobacteriota exhibited the opposite trend. And the co-occurrence network analysis showed that soil salinization affected the complexity of soil bacterial co-occurrence network. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which soil salinization affects soil microorganisms in cotton rhizosphere soil and offer guidance for improving soil salinization using beneficial microorganisms.</p

Image_1_Effects of coastal saline-alkali soil on rhizosphere microbial community and crop yield of cotton at different growth stages.TIF

Soil salinization is a global constraint that significantly hampers agricultural production, with cotton being an important cash crop that is not immune to its detrimental effects. The rhizosphere microbiome plays a critical role in plant health and growth, which assists plants in resisting adverse abiotic stresses including soil salinization. This study explores the impact of soil salinization on cotton, including its effects on growth, yield, soil physical and chemical properties, as well as soil bacterial community structures. The results of β-diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil at different growth stages of cotton. Besides, the more severity of soil salinization, the more abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota enriched in rhizosphere bacterial composition where the abundance of Acidobacteriota exhibited the opposite trend. And the co-occurrence network analysis showed that soil salinization affected the complexity of soil bacterial co-occurrence network. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which soil salinization affects soil microorganisms in cotton rhizosphere soil and offer guidance for improving soil salinization using beneficial microorganisms.</p

Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Single-base resolution methylomes of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) reveal epigenome modifications in response to drought stress

DMRs length analysis in each chromosome between drought and control sample (PNG 107 kb

Linkage map from F₂ population of Zong128 × KuchuT94-4.

<p>Linkage groups that could not be assigned to a chromosome were given the preliminary names UnLG1 UnLG2 and UnLG3. Bars and lines on the right-hand side of the linkage groups show the QTL likelihood intervals. Map distances in centimorgans (cM) are indicated on the left-hand side of the linkage groups. LC, lint color; FC, fuzz color; FL, fiber length; FU, fiber uniformity; FF, micronaire; FE, fiber elongation; FS, fiber strength; *Indicates distorted markers.</p

Linkage map from RIL population of Zong128 × KuchuT94-4.

<p>Linkage groups that could not be assigned to a chromosome were given the preliminary names UnLG1 –UnLG5. Bars and lines on the right-hand side of the linkage groups show the QTL likelihood intervals. Map distances in centimorgans (cM) are indicated on the left-hand side of the linkage groups. LC, lint color; FC, fuzz color; FL, fiber length; FU, fiber uniformity; FF, micronaire; FE, fiber elongation; FS, fiber strength; *Indicates distorted markers.</p

Linkage map from F₂ of Zong128 × Liao96-23-30 population.

<p>Linkage groups that could not be assigned to a chromosome were given the preliminary names UnLG1. Bars and lines on the right-hand side of the linkage groups show the QTL likelihood intervals. Map distances in centimorgans (cM) are indicated on the left-hand side of the linkage groups. LC, lint color; FC, fuzz color; FL, fiber length; FU, fiber uniformity; FF, micronaire; FE, fiber elongation; FS, fiber strength; *Indicates distorted markers.</p

Expression levels of stress-responsive genes (<i>RD29A</i>, <i>RD29B</i>, <i>SOS2</i> and <i>CBL1</i>) in control plants and transgenic lines.

<p>Columns marked with different lower case letters indicate a significant difference (p < 0.05) from the WT treatment.</p

The phylogenetic relationship between GhSOS1 and SOS1 from other plant species.

<p>The phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA ver. 5.0. The following protein sequences were used to construct of the phylogenetic tree: <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> AtSOS1 (AF256224) and AtNHX1 (AF510074), <i>Chrysanthemum crassum</i> CcSOS1 (AB439132), <i>Halostachys caspica</i> HcNHX1 (GU188850), <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> HtSOS1 (KC410809), <i>Kosteletzkya virginica</i> KvSOS1 (KJ577576), <i>Limonium gmelinii</i> LgSOS1 (EU780458), <i>Oryza sativa</i> OsSOS1 (AY785147) and OsNHX1 (AB021878), <i>Populus euphratica</i> PeSOS1 (DQ517530) and PeNHX1 (FJ866610), <i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> PgNHX1 (DQ071264), <i>Salicornia brachiata</i> SbSOS1 (EU879059), <i>Salicornia europaea</i> SeNHX1 (AY131235), <i>Suaeda japonica</i> SjSOS1 (AB198179), <i>Suaeda salsa</i> SsSOS1 (KF914414), <i>Theobroma cacao</i> TcSOS1 (XM_007045345) and TcNHX1 (XM_007030729), <i>Thellungiella halophila</i> ThSOS1 (EF207775), <i>Vitis vinifera</i> VvSOS1 (CAO42437) and <i>Zoysia japonica</i> ZjNHX1 (EU333827).</p