Morphologic alterations of the lungs were determined by photomicrography (400× magnification).

<p>Infiltration of neutrophils and pulmonary septal widening were presented in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) +vehicle group 24 h after LPS challenged. These changes were improved in AUDA treated group.</p

Synthesis of Allenes via Gold-Catalyzed Intermolecular Reaction of Propargylic Alcohols and Aromatic Compounds

Functionalized allenes are efficiently synthesized in moderate to high yield from gold-catalyzed intermolecular reaction of propargylic alcohols and aromatic compounds. The user-friendly process could be conducted under mild reaction conditions with easily accessible starting materials

Melothria maderaspatana Cogn.

原著和名: サンゴジュスズメウリ科名: ウリ科 = Cucurbitaceae採集地: 鹿児島県 与論島 (大隅 与論島)採集日: 1971/12/25採集者: 萩庭丈壽整理番号: JH023381国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-97338

Synthesis of Allenes via Gold-Catalyzed Intermolecular Reaction of Propargylic Alcohols and Aromatic Compounds

Functionalized allenes are efficiently synthesized in moderate to high yield from gold-catalyzed intermolecular reaction of propargylic alcohols and aromatic compounds. The user-friendly process could be conducted under mild reaction conditions with easily accessible starting materials

Bio-Inspired Fabrication of Hierarchical FeOOH Nanostructure Array Films at the Air–Water Interface, Their Hydrophobicity and Application for Water Treatment

Hierarchical FeOOH nanostructure array films constructed by different nanosized building blocks can be synthesized at the air–water interface <i>via</i> a bio-inspired gas–liquid diffusion method. In this approach, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a crystal growth modifier plays a crucial role in mediating the morphology and polymorph of FeOOH crystals. With the increase of PAA concentration, the shape of the building blocks assembling into FeOOH films can be tailored from nanosheets, to rice spikes, then to branched fibers, and finally to nanowires. What is more, a low concentration of PAA will induce the formation of α-FeOOH, while a high one could stabilize FeOOH in the form of the γ-FeOOH phase. After being modified with a thin layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the as-prepared FeOOH films exhibited strong hydrophobicity with water contact angles (CA) from 134° to 148° or even superhydrophobicity with a CA of 164° in the sample constructed by nanosheets. When the FeOOH nanostructures were dispersed in water by ultrasound, they displayed quite promising adsorption performance of heavy metal ions for water treatment, where the highest adsorption capacity can reach 77.2 mg·g^–1 in the sample constructed by nanowires. This bio-inspired approach may open up the possibilities for the fabrication of other functional nanostructure thin films with unique properties

Table1_A gene expression profile-based approach to screen the occurrence and predisposed host characteristics of drug-induced liver injury: a case study of Psoralea corylifolia Linn.docx

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common causes of a drug being withdrawn, and identifying the culprit drugs and the host factors at risk of causing DILI has become a current challenge. Recent studies have found that immune status plays a considerable role in the development of DILI. In this study, DILI-related differentially expressed genes mediated by immunoinflammatory cytokines were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to predict the occurrence of DILI (named the DILI predictive gene set, DILI_PGS), and the predictability of the DILI_PGS was verified using the Connectivity Map (CMap) and LiverTox platforms. The results obtained DILI_PGS from the GEO database could predict 81.25% of liver injury drugs. In addition, the Coexpedia platform was used to predict the DILI_PGS-related characteristics of common host diseases and found that the DILI_PGS mainly involved immune-related diseases and tumor-related diseases. Then, animal models of immune stress (IS) and immunosuppressive (IP) were selected to simulate the immune status of the above diseases. Meanwhile, psoralen, a main component derived from Psoralea corylifolia Linn. with definite hepatotoxicity, was selected as an experimental drug with highly similar molecular fingerprints to three idiosyncratic hepatotoxic drugs (nefazodone, trovafloxacin, and nimesulide) from the same DILI_PGS dataset. The animal experiment results found a single administration of psoralen could significantly induce liver injury in IS mice, while there was no obvious liver function change in IP mice by repeatedly administering the same dose of psoralen, and the potential mechanism of psoralen-induced liver injury in IS mice may be related to regulating the expression of the TNF-related pathway. In conclusion, this study constructed the DILI_PGS with high accuracy to predict the occurrence of DILI and preliminarily identified the characteristics of host factors inducing DILI.</p

Table_1_Oxymatrine ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by rebalancing the homeostasis of gut microbiota and reducing blood-brain barrier disruption.docx

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis can directly or indirectly affect the immune system through the brain-gut axis and play a role in the occurrence and development of Multiple sclerosis (MS). Oxymatrine (OMAT) has been shown to ameliorate the symptoms of MS in the classical experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS, but whether its therapeutic role is through the correction of gut dysbiosis, is unclear.MethodsThe effects of OMAT on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids in EAE model mice were evaluated by 16S rRNA sequencing and GC-MS/MS, respectively, and the function change of the blood-brain barrier and intestinal epithelial barrier was further tested by immunohistochemical staining, Evans Blue leakage detection, and RT-qPCR.ResultsThe alpha and beta diversity in the feces of EAE mice were significantly different from that of the control group but recovered substantially after OMAT treatment. Besides, the OMAT treatment significantly affected the gut functional profiling and the abundance of genes associated with energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, the immune system, infectious diseases, and the nervous system. OMAT also decreased the levels of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in EAE mice, which are significantly related to the abundance of certain gut microbes and were consistent with the reduced expression of TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-1b. Furthermore, OMAT treatment significantly increased the expression of ZO-1 and occludin in the brains and colons of EAE mice and decreased blood-brain barrier permeability.ConclusionOMAT may alleviate the clinical and pathological symptoms of MS by correcting dysbiosis, restoring gut ecological and functional microenvironment, and inhibiting immune cell-mediated inflammation to remodel the brain-gut axis.</p