A modified slicing method with multi-dimensional unfolding to measure hadron-argon cross sections

Liquid argon technology is widely used by many previous and current neutrino experiments, and it is also promising for future large-scale neutrino experiments. When detecting neutrinos using liquid argon, many hadrons are involved, which can also interact with argon nuclei. In order to gain a better understanding of the detection processes, and to simulate neutrino events, knowledge of hadron-argon cross sections is needed. This paper describes a new procedure which improves upon the previous work with multi-dimensional unfolding to measure hadron-argon cross sections in a liquid argon time projection chamber. Through a simplified version of simulation, we demonstrate the validity of this procedure

Pion–Argon Inclusive Cross-Section Measurement on ProtoDUNE-SP

The pion–argon cross-section measurement is crucial to understanding effects such as final state interactions, which account for a large source of systematic uncertainty in neutrino oscillation experiments. ProtoDUNE-SP, with its beam of charged particles, can provide such experimental constraints. This paper elaborates on the methodology to measure the cross-section on large-scale liquid argon time projection chambers like ProtoDUNE-SP. We use the 1 GeV Monte-Carlo (MC) sample to demonstrate the analysis procedures. The cross-section measurements for pion kinetic energy ranging from 350 MeV to 950 MeV are performed on the MC sample. The consistency of the MC results with its input values serves as validation of the method and the procedures, which we will later use to perform measurements on the data sample

A Modified Slicing Method with Multi-Dimensional Unfolding to Measure Hadron-Argon Cross Sections

Liquid argon technology is widely used by many previous and current neutrino experiments, and it is also promising for future large-scale neutrino experiments. When detecting neutrinos using liquid argon, many hadrons are involved, which can also interact with argon nuclei. In order to gain a better understanding of the detection processes, and to simulate neutrino events, knowledge of hadron-argon cross sections is needed. This paper describes a new procedure which improves upon the previous work with multi-dimensional unfolding to measure hadron-argon cross sections in a liquid argon time projection chamber. Through a simplified version of simulation, we demonstrate the validity of this procedure

Dalitz Viewer

A tool to visualise resonant behaviour in a Dalitz plot, including CP asymmetries.</p

Isotope fractionation (δ 13C, δ15N) and microbial community response in degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by biostimulation in contaminated soil

Abstract This study investigated the isotope effects of δ13C and δ15N and microbial response during biodegradation of hydrocarbons by biostimulation with nitrate or compost in the petroleum-contaminated soil. Compost and KNO3 amendments promoted the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal accompanied by a significant increase of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla. Soil alpha diversity decreased after 90 days of biostimulation. An inverse significant carbon isotope effect (εc = 16.6 ± 0.8‰) and strong significant nitrogen isotope effect (εN = -24.20 ± 9.54‰) were shown by the KNO3 supplementation. For compost amendment, significant carbon and nitrogen isotope effect were εc = 38.8 ± 1.1‰ and εN = -79.49 ± 16.41‰, respectively. A clear difference of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope fractionation was evident by KNO3 or compost amendment, which indicated the mechanisms of petroleum degradation by adding compost or KNO3 are different.</jats:p