One-Step Electrodeposition of Polyaniline Nanorods on Carbon Cloth for High-Performance Flexible Supercapacitors

The electrochemical performance of the carbon cloth (CC)-based electrodes is determined by the kind, content, morphology, and size of the modified pseudocapacitive materials, as well as the interaction with CC. Also, such structural parameters were mainly dependent on the deposition condition. More uniform polyaniline (PANI) could be obtained by electrochemical polymerization in comparison to chemical oxidation polymerization. However, two steps of electrodeposition were usually needed for nucleation and growth. Here, based on the comprehensive optimization of the electrodeposition condition, well-defined PANI nanorods anchored on the functionalized carbon cloth (FCC) as flexible electrodes (FCC@PANI) were synthesized by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization. Compared with the FCC electrode, the resultant FCC@PANI-4 sample possessed good cycling stability (98.3% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles), higher specific capacitances of 2312 mF cm–2 (1.0 mA cm–2) and 107 F g–1 (1.0 A g–1) with the boosting ratio in the areal specific capacitance (CA), and mass specific capacitances (Cm) of 169 and 181%, respectively. The improvement in both specific capacitance and cycling stability was obtained by the strong interaction between the FCC and the modified PANI nanorods with enhanced utilization efficiency of electroactive materials. Furthermore, the symmetric solid-state device assembled using the FCC@PANI-4 electrode delivered a maximum energy density of 0.079 mWh cm–2 at a power density of 0.363 mW cm–2

MOESM1 of Surface display of hirame novirhabdovirus (HIRRV) G protein in Lactococcus lactis and its immune protection in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Additional file 1: Table S1. Bacterial strains, plasmids and primers used in this study. Figure S1. Mass spectrographic analysis of the G protein expressed by L. lactis NZ9000. (A) The amino acid sequence of HIRRV-G protein. Eight matched peptides were underlined and two of the best matched peptides were labeled in bold. (B) Fingerprints of the two best matched peptides. (C) The matched protein information of mass spectrometric analysis

Bovine Serum Albumin-Encapsulated Ultrasmall Gold Nanoclusters for Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with an ultrasmall size showed potential application in photodynamic therapy (PDT), but short circulation and weak tumor retention restricted their PDT performance. Herein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanospheres with good biocompatibility were used to encapsulate AuNCs, by which the stable and biocompatible AuNCs@BSA nanoprobes were synthesized to boost PDT performance. The results showed that ultrasmall AuNCs with a size of 1.5 nm were encapsulated in BSA nanospheres, and the prepared AuNCs@BSA nanoparticles with an average size of 120 nm have high colloid stability and enhanced fluorescence emission. Compared with single AuNCs, AuNCs@BSA possessed higher singlet oxygen yield, which increased from 34.5% to 45.5%. Moreover, AuNCs@BSA showed lower cytotoxicity and stronger cellular uptake, by which the cell viability was reduced to 20.6% and 4T1 tumor completely disappeared, compared with 47.5% cell viability and tumor recurrence of single AuNCs. The results demonstrated that the prepared AuNCs@BSA nanoprobes possessed good biocompatibility and boosted PDT performance and will be potential highly efficient PDT nanoprobes owing to their safety and reliability

Frequency of EST-SSRs in cannabis.

<p>Frequency of EST-SSRs in cannabis.</p

Frequency distribution of cannabis EST-SSR based on motif numbers.

<p>Frequency distribution of cannabis EST-SSR based on motif numbers.</p

Diversity Analysis in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Based on Large-Scale Development of Expressed Sequence Tag-Derived Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

<div><p><i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. is an important economic plant for the production of food, fiber, oils, and intoxicants. However, lack of sufficient simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers has limited the development of cannabis genetic research. Here, large-scale development of expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers was performed to obtain more informative genetic markers, and to assess genetic diversity in cannabis (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.). Based on the cannabis transcriptome, 4,577 SSRs were identified from 3,624 ESTs. From there, a total of 3,442 complementary primer pairs were designed as SSR markers. Among these markers, trinucleotide repeat motifs (50.99%) were the most abundant, followed by hexanucleotide (25.13%), dinucleotide (16.34%), tetranucloetide (3.8%), and pentanucleotide (3.74%) repeat motifs, respectively. The AAG/CTT trinucleotide repeat (17.96%) was the most abundant motif detected in the SSRs. One hundred and seventeen EST-SSR markers were randomly selected to evaluate primer quality in 24 cannabis varieties. Among these 117 markers, 108 (92.31%) were successfully amplified and 87 (74.36%) were polymorphic. Forty-five polymorphic primer pairs were selected to evaluate genetic diversity and relatedness among the 115 cannabis genotypes. The results showed that 115 varieties could be divided into 4 groups primarily based on geography: Northern China, Europe, Central China, and Southern China. Moreover, the coefficient of similarity when comparing cannabis from Northern China with the European group cannabis was higher than that when comparing with cannabis from the other two groups, owing to a similar climate. This study outlines the first large-scale development of SSR markers for cannabis. These data may serve as a foundation for the development of genetic linkage, quantitative trait loci mapping, and marker-assisted breeding of cannabis.</p></div

Binding of Tetrabromobisphenol A and S to Human Serum Albumin Is Weakened by Coexisting Nanoplastics and Environmental Kosmotropes

Human serum albumin (HSA) was used as a model protein to explore the effects of brominated flame retardant (BFR) binding and the corona formation on polystyrene nanoplastics (PNs). Under physiological conditions, HSA helped to disperse PNs but promoted the formation of aggregates in the presence of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA, ΔDh = 135 nm) and S (TBBPS, ΔDh = 256 nm) at pH 7. At pH 4, these aggregates became larger with fewer electrostatic repulsion effects (ΔDh = 920 and 691 nm for TBBPA and TBBPS, respectively). However, such promotion effects as well as BFR binding are different due to structural differences of tetrabromobisphenol A and S. Environmental kosmotropes efficiently stabilized the structure of HSA and inhibited BFR binding, while the chaotropes favored bioconjugated aggregate formation. Such effects were also verified in natural seawater. The newly gained knowledge may help us anticipate the behavior and fate of plastic particles and small molecular pollutants in both physiological and natural aqueous systems

Results of searches for EST-SSRs in cannabis.

<p>Results of searches for EST-SSRs in cannabis.</p

Variability parameters in 4 groups of cannabis.

<p>Variability parameters in 4 groups of cannabis.</p

Dendrogram derived using UPGMA cluster analysis based on the SSR genetic similarity coefficient for 115 cannabis varieties.

<p>Dendrogram derived using UPGMA cluster analysis based on the SSR genetic similarity coefficient for 115 cannabis varieties.</p