The allele combinations of seven polymorphisms under study between breast cancer patients and controls.

<p>*Alleles were arranged according to rs1799782, rs25487, rs3218536, rs861539, rs1800975, rs1760944 and rs1130409.</p

Genotype distributions and allele frequencies of seven polymorphisms under study between patients and controls and their risk prediction for breast cancer under three genetic models of inheritance.

<p><i>Abbreviations</i>: W/M, wild allele/mutant allele; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. P for χ² test was calculated based on the 3×2 contingency tables for genotype comparisons and on the 2×2 contingency tables for allele comparisons. *Controlling for age at enrollment.</p

The Relationship between Seven Common Polymorphisms from Five DNA Repair Genes and the Risk for Breast Cancer in Northern Chinese Women

<div><p>Background</p><p>Converging evidence supports the central role of DNA damage in progression to breast cancer. We therefore in this study aimed to assess the potential interactions of seven common polymorphisms from five DNA repair genes (XRCC1, XRCC2, XRCC3, XPA and APEX1) in association with breast cancer among Han Chinese women.</p><p>Methodology/Principal Findings</p><p>This was a case-control study involving 606 patients diagnosed with sporadic breast cancer and 633 age- and ethnicity-matched cancer-free controls. The polymerase chain reaction - ligase detection reaction method was used to determine genotypes. All seven polymorphisms were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls. Differences in the genotypes and alleles of XRCC1 gene rs25487 and XPA gene rs1800975 were statistically significant between patients and controls, even after the Bonferroni correction (P<0.05/7). Accordingly, the risk for breast cancer was remarkably increased for rs25487 (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07–1.51; P = 0.006), but decreased for rs1800975 (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.67–0.90; P = 0.001) under an additive model at a Bonferroni corrected alpha of 0.05/7. Allele combination analysis showed higher frequencies of the most common combination C-G-G-C-G-G-G (alleles in order of rs1799782, rs25487, rs3218536, rs861539, rs1800975, rs1760944 and rs1130409) in controls than in patients (P_Sim = 0.002). In further interaction analysis, two-locus model including rs1800975 and rs25487 was deemed as the overall best model with the maximal testing accuracy of 0.654 and the cross-validation consistency of 10 out of 10 (P = 0.001).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our findings provide clear evidence that XRCC1 gene rs25487 and XPA gene rs1800975 might exert both independent and interactive effects on the development of breast cancer among northern Chinese women.</p></div

Summary of multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis.

<p><i>Abbreviations</i>: CVC, cross-validation consistency. *The overall best MDR model.</p

The baseline characteristics of all study participants.

<p>Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.</p

Electrodeposited Multimetal Alloyed NiMoCo on Ni Mesh for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Developing efficient electrocatalysts for industrial alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is important for alleviating energy problems and achieving decarbonization. Here, a multimetal alloyed NiMoCo coating was in situ electrodeposited on Ni mesh as an HER electrocatalyst. The obtained cathode exhibits ultrahigh HER activity in alkaline environments, requiring only low overpotentials of 13.7 and 146.0 mV in 1 M KOH to achieve current densities of 10 and 200 mA cm–2, along with a robust stability of over 120 h at an operating current density of 400 mA cm–2. The introduction of Co elements into NiMo-based alloys could significantly change the surface morphology from a planar to a three-dimensional structure for exposing abundant active sites; moreover, strong electronic interaction between multimetal alloyed sites is beneficial to modulate alkaline HER activity. The full alkaline water splitting electrolyzer, which consisted of electrodeposited multimetal alloyed NiMoCo as the cathode and NiMoFe as the anode, was constructed, showing a cell voltage as low as 1.437 V to obtain the current density of 10 mA cm–2 and 1.703 V for 200 mA cm–2. This work would pave a new avenue to design and fabricate multimetal alloyed electrocatalysts directly grown on an industrial porous conductive substrate