16 research outputs found

    Data_Sheet_1_Association of soluble transferrin receptor/log ferritin index with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.docx

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    BackgroundSoluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)/log ferritin index (sTfR Index) can be used to assess the entire spectrum of iron status, and is valuable in evaluating iron status in population studies. There is still a lack of evidence on the association between sTfR index and all-cause mortality.ObjectTo explore the association between sTfR index and all-cause mortality, as well as mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer.MethodData were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2003 to 2020. Participants aged 16 years and older who had complete data of serum ferritin and sTfR were included. Pregnant individuals or those with ineligible data on death or follow-up were excluded from the analysis. Baseline sTfR index was calculated by baseline sTfR/log (ferritin) and classified as three tertile. We performed the Cox proportional hazard regression to assess the association of sTfR index (both continuous and categorical scale) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and further assess the non-linear relationship between sTfR index and the outcomes with restricted cubic spline.ResultIn this study, 11,525 participants, a total of 231 (2.0%) all-cause deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 51 months. The risk of all-cause mortality, CVD-related mortality, and cancer-related mortality was higher in participants with highest tertile of sTfR index. After confounding factors adjustment, participants with highest tertile of sTfR index were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.14–2.57) as compared with lowest tertile. Additionally, sTfR index per SD increment was associated with a 25% increasing risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08–1.45, p = 0.003) and a 38% cancer-related mortality (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07–1.77, p = 0.018). These associations remained robust after adjusting for the serum ferritin as well as in various subgroups stratified by age, sex, smoking statue, hypertension, diabetes, and CVD. Spline analysis showed that there is approximately linear relationship between sTfR index with all-cause mortality (p for non-linear = 0.481). Moreover, ferritin was not a predictor of all-cause death after adjustment for confounding factors.SignificanceThis cohort study demonstrated a significant association between sTfR index increment and an increased risk of all-cause and cancer-related mortality, independent of ferritin levels.</p

    Selectively Manipulating Interactions between Lanthanide Sublattices in Nanostructure toward Orthogonal Upconversion

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    Smart control of ionic interactions is a key factor to manipulate the luminescence dynamics of lanthanides and tune their emission colors. However, it remains challenging to gain a deep insight into the physics involving the interactions between heavily doped lanthanide ions and in particular between the lanthanide sublattices for luminescent materials. Here we report a conceptual model to selectively manipulate the spatial interactions between erbium and ytterbium sublattices by designing a multilayer core–shell nanostructure. The interfacial cross-relaxation is found to be a leading process to quench the green emission of Er3+, and red-to-green color-switchable upconversion is realized by fine manipulation of the interfacial energy transfer on the nanoscale. Moreover, the temporal control of up-transition dynamics can also lead to an observation of green emission due to its fast rise time. Our results demonstrate a new strategy to achieve orthogonal upconversion, showing great promise in frontier photonic applications

    Amplifying Photon Upconversion in Alloyed Nanoparticles for a Near-Infrared Photodetector

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    Photon upconverison has attracted a substantial amount of interest in diverse fields due to its characteristic anti-Stokes emissions. However, obtaining intense emission under low-power laser irradiation has remained a challenge. Here we report a mechanistic design of activator–sensitizer alloyed nanoparticles to achieve bright upconversion under weak infrared irradiation. This design allows a nearest sensitizer–activator separation to facilitate efficient energy transfer that results in remarkably enhanced upconversion (>2 orders of magnitude) under 0.26 W cm–2 irradiation compared to that of the Er sublattice, and the upconversion quantum yield also shows a 20-fold increase. Interestingly, the alloyed nanoparticles exhibit a gradual change in emission color with an increase in Yb3+ content, and moreover, their emission colors can be dynamically controlled by simply modulating the excitation laser power and pulse widths. Such alloyed nanoparticles show great promise for application in a near-infrared photodetector

    Lead-Free Cs<sub>2</sub>AgBiBr<sub>6</sub> Nanocrystals with a Low Mode-Locking Threshold for Femtosecond Fiber Laser Application

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    Lead-free double perovskites (DPs) have received a lot of attention owing to their good stability and environmental friendliness. They have been widely used in the field of optoelectronics because of their high quantum efficiency and long carrier migration distance. However, the application of lead-free DPs in ultrafast photonics is rarely explored. Cs2AgBiBr6, a typical lead-free double perovskite, has advantages such as toxicity free of Pb, high stability, and strong nonlinear absorption, showing great potential application in ultrafast photonics. However, to date, there is no reported research on the application of Cs2AgBiBr6 in ultrafast optical devices. Herein, we prepared Cs2AgBiBr6 nanocrystals, tested their ultrafast nonlinear absorption properties, and further prepared them as a saturable absorber (SA) to achieve stable mode-locking pulses in Er-doped fiber lasers. The results show that it has a low saturation intensity (0.75 MW/cm2), resulting in a low starting threshold power (50 mW) for mode-locking. The obtained pulsed fiber laser shows a pulse width as narrow as 452 fs. In addition, the Cs2AgBiBr6 SA has unique advantages in long-term stability and it was found that this Cs2AgBiBr6 SA can still work well after 10 months. In general, our results prove that Cs2AgBiBr6 is an excellent nonlinear optical material and has good application potential in ultrafast photonics

    Comparison of phenotype between CIK and DC-CIK cells on day28.

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    <p>Compared with CIK cells, NKT cells were significantly increased in DC-CIK cells. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of CD3<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup>, CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and NK cells between CIK cells and DC-CIK cells.</p

    Comparison of Tregs expression between CIK and DC-CIK cells.

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    <p>DC significantly down-regulated the expression of Tregs in CIK cells both on cell (A) and mRNA (B) level.</p

    A K88R mutation in RpsL allows <i>L</i>. <i>pneumophila</i> strain LPE509 to replicate in macrophages.

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    <p><b>A</b>. Intracellular growth of a spontaneous RpsL<sub>K88R</sub> mutant of strain LPE509 in primary macrophages. <b>B</b>. K43N mutations do not allow <i>L</i>. <i>pneumophila</i> to replicate in macrophages. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from A/J mice were challenged with indicated bacterial strains at an MOI of 0.05. After synchronization 2 hrs postinfection, total bacterial counts were determined by plating appropriately diluted saponin solubilized infected cells onto bacteriological medium. Infections were performed in triplicate and data shown were from one representative of five experiments with similar results. <b>C</b>. Schematic diagram of the positions of the K43N and K88R mutations in RpsL, n is the number of independent mutants examined.</p

    <i>L</i>. <i>pneumophila</i> strains harboring wild type <i>rpsL</i> caused cell death in infected macrophages.

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    <p>Bone marrow-derived macrophages from A/J mice were infected by the indicated bacterial strains for 14 hrs and health status of infected cells were evaluated by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (<b>A</b>) and by TUNEL staining (<b>B</b>) following by differently labeling extra- and intracellular bacterial by immunostaining. Infections were performed in triplicate and similar results were obtained in at least 3 independent experiments. For the TUNEL results, at least 300 infected cells were scored in each sample. <b>C</b>. Representative images of TUNEL signals and of bacterial phagosomes. Intracellular <i>L</i>. <i>pneumophila</i> bacteria were immunolabeled (red) with specific antibodies in BMDMs infected for 14 hrs; the status of host cell death was by TUNEL staining (green). Note the debris-like signals around the bacteria in samples infected with the strain harboring wild type RpsL. Images were acquired by a CCD camera with an Olympus IX-81 fluorescence microscope. Bar, 10 ÎĽm. <b>D</b>. Cell death caused by L. pneumophila occurs independent of the three inflammatory caspases, caspase-3, 7 and 11. BMDMs prepared from mice lacking caspases-3, 7 and 11 or its parental line C57BL/6 were infected with indicated <i>L</i>. <i>pneumophila</i> strains for 14 hrs and samples were processed to determine cell death as described in <b>B</b>. Note that the strain expressing wild type RpsL caused cell death in BMDMs from both mouse lines. The deletion of the <i>flaA</i> gene is to eliminate the effects caused by the NAIP5 allele in these mouse lines in response to flagellin.</p
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