Fabrication and Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance of MoS₂/S-Doped g‑C₃N₄ Heterojunction Film

We report on a novel MoS2/S-doped g-C3N4 heterojunction film with high visible-light photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. The heterojunction films are prepared by CVD growth of S-doped g-C3N4 film on indium–tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates, with subsequent deposition of a low bandgap, 1.69 eV, visible-light response MoS2 layer by hydrothermal synthesis. Adding thiourea into melamine as the coprecursor not only facilitates the growth of g-C3N4 films but also introduces S dopants into the films, which significantly improves the PEC performance. The fabricated MoS2/S-doped g-C3N4 heterojunction film offers an enhanced anodic photocurrent of as high as ∼1.2 × 10–4 A/cm2 at an applied potential of +0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl under the visible light irradiation. The enhanced PEC performance of MoS2/S-doped g-C3N4 film is believed due to the improved light absorption and the efficient charge separation of the photogenerated charge at the MoS2/S-doped g-C3N4 interface. The convenient preparation of carbon nitride based heterojunction films in this work can be widely used to design new heterojunction photoelectrodes or photocatalysts with high performance for H2 evolution

Correlations between CNS, D-scores, CSEBQ, and Bag usage.

<p>CNS: Connectedness to Nature Scale; IAT: Implicit Association Test; CSEBQ: College Students’ Environmental Behaviors Questionnaire.</p><p>*<i>p</i> < 0.05,</p><p>**<i>p</i> < 0.01.</p><p>Correlations between CNS, D-scores, CSEBQ, and Bag usage.</p

Additional file 1 of Effects of different grafting materials on volumetric changes in the Schneiderian membrane following lateral maxillary sinus floor elevation: a preliminary study

Additional file 1. Table S1. The results of volumetric measurement in the two groups. Table S2. Distribution of preoperative and postoperative membrane-bone cavity volume ratio (R) in the two groups

Tuning the Electrical Transport Properties of Multilayered Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets by Intercalating Phosphorus

We demonstrate the tuning of the electrical transport properties of MoS₂ nanosheets by intercalating phosphorus (P). The P-doped MoS₂ nanosheets were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The structures and electrical properties of P-doped MoS₂ nanosheets were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectral analysis, adsorption spectra analysis, and Hall measurements. The results indicate that the stacking of the (002) plane in multilayered MoS₂ nanosheets is inhibited and the interlayer spacing is enlarged with the introduction of P atoms. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations indicate that P atoms are much easier to intercalate into the interlayers of MoS₂, compared with substitution of Mo and S, which significantly affects the vibrational modes of Raman spectra. Furthermore, because of the extra electrons introduced by intercalating P atoms, the conductivity of MoS₂ could be gradually modulated from p-type to n-type by increasing the content of intercalated P. This demonstration of tuning the electrical transport properties of MoS₂ could help in the design of electrical and optoelectronic devices based on layered metal dichalcogenides

Cycloaddition Reaction of Vinylphenylfurans and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate to [8 + 2] Isomers via Tandem [4 + 2]/Diradical Alkene–Alkene Coupling/[1,3]‑H Shift Reactions: Experimental Exploration and DFT Understanding of Reaction Mechanisms

An experimental test of designed [8 + 2] reaction of vinylphenylfuran and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) has been carried out, showing that the reaction gave unexpected addition products under different conditions. When the reaction was conducted under thermal conditions in toluene, expoxyphenanthrene, which was named as a [8 + 2] isomer, was generated. The scope of this reaction has been investigated in the present study. In addition, experiments and DFT calculations have been conducted to investigate how the reaction between vinylphenylfuran and DMAD took place. Surprisingly, the reaction did not involve the expected [8 + 2] intermediate, o-quinodimethane. Instead, the reaction starts from intermolecular Diels–Alder reactions between DMAD and the furan moiety of vinylphenylfuran, followed by unexpected intramolecular alkene–alkene coupling. This step generates a diradical species, which then undergoes [1,3]-H shift to give the experimentally observed expoxyphenanthrene. DFT calculations revealed that, the [8 + 2] cycloadduct cannot be obtained because the [1,5]-H shift process from the [1,5]-vinyl shift intermediate is disfavored kinetically compared to the [1,3]-H shift to the [8 + 2] isomer

Cycloaddition Reaction of Vinylphenylfurans and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate to [8 + 2] Isomers via Tandem [4 + 2]/Diradical Alkene–Alkene Coupling/[1,3]‑H Shift Reactions: Experimental Exploration and DFT Understanding of Reaction Mechanisms

An experimental test of designed [8 + 2] reaction of vinylphenylfuran and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) has been carried out, showing that the reaction gave unexpected addition products under different conditions. When the reaction was conducted under thermal conditions in toluene, expoxyphenanthrene, which was named as a [8 + 2] isomer, was generated. The scope of this reaction has been investigated in the present study. In addition, experiments and DFT calculations have been conducted to investigate how the reaction between vinylphenylfuran and DMAD took place. Surprisingly, the reaction did not involve the expected [8 + 2] intermediate, <i>o</i>-quinodimethane. Instead, the reaction starts from intermolecular Diels–Alder reactions between DMAD and the furan moiety of vinylphenylfuran, followed by unexpected intramolecular alkene–alkene coupling. This step generates a diradical species, which then undergoes [1,3]-H shift to give the experimentally observed expoxyphenanthrene. DFT calculations revealed that, the [8 + 2] cycloadduct cannot be obtained because the [1,5]-H shift process from the [1,5]-vinyl shift intermediate is disfavored kinetically compared to the [1,3]-H shift to the [8 + 2] isomer

Cycloaddition Reaction of Vinylphenylfurans and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate to [8 + 2] Isomers via Tandem [4 + 2]/Diradical Alkene–Alkene Coupling/[1,3]‑H Shift Reactions: Experimental Exploration and DFT Understanding of Reaction Mechanisms

An experimental test of designed [8 + 2] reaction of vinylphenylfuran and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) has been carried out, showing that the reaction gave unexpected addition products under different conditions. When the reaction was conducted under thermal conditions in toluene, expoxyphenanthrene, which was named as a [8 + 2] isomer, was generated. The scope of this reaction has been investigated in the present study. In addition, experiments and DFT calculations have been conducted to investigate how the reaction between vinylphenylfuran and DMAD took place. Surprisingly, the reaction did not involve the expected [8 + 2] intermediate, <i>o</i>-quinodimethane. Instead, the reaction starts from intermolecular Diels–Alder reactions between DMAD and the furan moiety of vinylphenylfuran, followed by unexpected intramolecular alkene–alkene coupling. This step generates a diradical species, which then undergoes [1,3]-H shift to give the experimentally observed expoxyphenanthrene. DFT calculations revealed that, the [8 + 2] cycloadduct cannot be obtained because the [1,5]-H shift process from the [1,5]-vinyl shift intermediate is disfavored kinetically compared to the [1,3]-H shift to the [8 + 2] isomer

Supplementary document for Self-powered Pt/a-Ga₂O₃/ITO vertical Schottky junction solar-blind photodetector with excellent detection performance - 6544214.pdf

Revised supplementary materia

Additional file 1 of Co-cultures of Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cooperatively upgrade sunflower seed milk to high levels of vitamin B12 and multiple co-benefits

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Colony morphology used to assess strain-specific colony forming units in co-cultures. P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 on LPD agar (A); B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 on TSB agar; L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NCC 2511 on LPD agar (C). Figure S2. Time resolved changes of dissolved oxygen and pH value during aerobic growth on sunflower seed milk. The data comprise cultures using P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 (A), L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NCC 2511 (B), B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 (C), and a co-culture of two strains (D). n=1. Figure S3. Co-cultivation of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 and B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 in UHT-processed sunflower seed milk. The data comprise colony forming units (A), the content of vitamin B12 (B), and vitamins B3, B6, and B7 (C), the relative amount of favored and unfavored volatile, inferred from the total peak area of GC/MS-based volatile analysis (D), the level sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose (E), the level of extracellular l-lysine, l-leucine, l-tryptophan, and l-methionine (F), the level of acetoin, 2,3-butanediol, propionate, and acetate (G), and the protein score PDCAAS (H). n=3. Table S1. Strain specific pre-culture conditions. As media, Mann-Rogosa-Sharpe medium (MRS) and modified tryptic soy broth (TSB) were used. Regarding oxygen supply, strains of P. freudenreichii were grown under anaerobic conditions. L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NCC 2511 was grown under microaerobic conditions, and B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 was grown aerobically. All strains were grown at 30 °C. Table S2A. Growth and vitamin B12 production of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 on sunflower seed milk: Impact of different supplements added to the process. The incubation in the supplemented plant milk was carried out at 30 °C for 72 hours, including an initial anaerobic phase (48 hours), followed by an aerobic phase (24 hours). In addition, a non-supplemented process was conducted as control. The plant milk was pasteurized prior to cultivation. The vitamin B12 level and the cfu number reflect the final values at the end of the fermentation. n=3. Table S3. Metabolic profile of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177, B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156, and L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NCC 2511 after aerobic and anaerobic growth on pasteurized sunflower seed milk. The fermentation was carried out at 30 °C either anaerobically (48 hours) or aerobically (24 hours). In addition, the composition of the milk at the start (including the inoculum) is given. For each parameter, the maximum absolute concentration change (increase or decrease), observed among all conditions, is highlighted in yellow. For the representation of the data as relative changes, this maximum change was normalized to a value of 1. The change of the other conditions was normalized to this maximum (Fig. 3). The data represent the final values under each condition. n=3. Table S4. Growth and vitamin B12 production during co-culturing of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 and B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 in pasteurized sunflower seed milk: Impact of inoculum level and process conditions. In different set-ups, strain NCC 1177 was inoculated at a 10-fold, 100-fold, and 1,000-fold higher level than strain NCC 156. In all cases, the total inoculum of both strains was 2 × 107 cfu mL-1. Regarding process operation, one set-up comprised first a 24 h aerobic phase, followed by a 48-h anaerobic phase, whereas the two phases were reverted in a second set-up. All fermentations were carried out at 30 °C. The plant milk was pasteurized prior to fermentation. Vitamin level and cell growth display the final values after 72 h. n=3. Table S5. Dynamics of free amino acids during co-culturing of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 and B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 in UHT-treated sunflower seed milk. The process involved a 48-h anaerobic phase, followed by a 48-h aerobic phase. n=3

Additional file 1 of Circular RNA expression profiles and CircSnd1-miR-135b/c-foxl2 axis analysis in gonadal differentiation of protogynous hermaphroditic ricefield eel Monopterus albus

Additional file 1