10 research outputs found

    Additional file 1 of Assessing the impact of public funding in alleviating participant reduction and improving the retention rate in methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Taiwan: an interrupted time series analysis

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    Additional file 1: Figure S1. Geographic distribution of the MMT clinics granted for PMES only or for PMES + MCAM later stratified by the scale of the clinics. Table S1. Subsidized items in the PMES since 2019. Table S2. Complete parameters of models, without autocorrelation adjustment, evaluating the impact of PMES policy intervention on the monthly average number of daily participants comparing the periods of non-PMES vs. PMES, which were divided into PMES only (2019/01~2019/12) and PMES with add-on MCAM later (2019/01~2019/08). Table S3. Complete parameters of models, without autocorrelation adjustment, evaluating the impact of further MCAM policy intervention on the monthly average number of daily participants comparing the periods of pre-MCAM (i.e., PMES only, 2019/01~2019/08) vs. post-MCAM (i.e., PMES+MCAM, 2019/09~2019/12)

    Rapid Screening of New Psychoactive Substances Using pDART-QqQ-MS

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    Drug abuse is a severe social problem worldwide. Particularly, the issue of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) have increasingly emerged. NPSs are structural or functional analogs of traditional illicit drugs, such as cocaine, cannabis, and amphetamine; these molecules provide the same or more severe neurological effects. Usually, immunoassays are utilized in the preliminary screening method. However, NPSs have poor detectability in commercially available immunoassay kits. Meanwhile, various chromatography combined with the mass spectrometry platform have been developed to quantify NPSs. Still, a significant amount of time and resources are required during these procedures. Therefore, we established a rapid analytical platform for NPSs employing paper-loaded direct analysis in real time triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (pDART-QqQ-MS). We implemented this platform for the semiquantitative analysis of forensic drug tests in urine. This platform significantly shrinks the analytical time of a single sample within 30 s and requires a low volume of the specimen. The platform can detect 21 NPSs in urine mixtures at a lower limit of qualification of concentration ranging from 20 to 75 nanograms per milliliter (ng mL–1) and is lower than the cutoff value of currently available immune-based devices for detecting multiple drugs (1000 ng mL–1). Urine samples from drug addicts have been collected to verify the platform’s effectiveness. By combining efficiency and accuracy, our platform offers a promising solution for addressing the challenges posed by NPSs in drug abuse detection
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