Minor stars in plane graphs with minimum degree five

The weight of a subgraph $H$ in $G$ is the sum of the degrees in $G$ of vertices of $H$. The {\em height} of a subgraph $H$ in $G$ is the maximum degree of vertices of $H$ in $G$. A star in a given graph is minor if its center has degree at most five in the given graph. Lebesgue (1940) gave an approximate description of minor $5$-stars in the class of normal plane maps with minimum degree five. In this paper, we give two descriptions of minor $5$-stars in plane graphs with minimum degree five. By these descriptions, we can extend several results and give some new results on the weight and height for some special plane graphs with minimum degree five.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Regulation of luteal function and prolactin secretion in the pig: effects of orally and intracerebroventricularly applied RU 486 and relaxin

RU 486, a progesterone receptor antagonist, was used to investigate the effects of interruption of progesterone binding to its receptor on luteal function and gonadotropin secretion of pigs with aging corpora lutea. RU 486 was administered orally to hysterectomized gilts once a day on days 111-115 (estrus = day 0) at two dosages (group 1, 2 mg/kg BW; group 2, 4 mg/kg BW). During 5 days of RU 486 treatment, plasma progesterone concentrations in both treated groups were markedly elevated (32 and 37 ng/ml for groups 1 and 2) compared with 22 ng/ml in the controls (group 3; P \u3c 0.01). Prolactin concentrations increased in both groups (9 and 13 ng/ml) and differed significantly from those of the controls (3 ng/ml) (P \u3c 0.04). Pregnant gilts received RU 486 orally once a day at 0800 hours at 4 mg/kg BW beginning on day 111 until parturition occurred. Parturition was induced on day 112.7 after only two RU 486 treatments compared with day 114.7 in the control group (P \u3c 0.01). Progesterone decreased abruptly (P \u3c 0.01) from a pretreatment mean of 11 to \u3c0.6 ng/ml during the 2 days that RU 486 was given. Results from this study provide strong evidence that the antagonistic effect of RU 486 on progesterone receptor results in an abrupt increase in PRL and progesterone secretion in hysterectomized gilts with aging corpora lutea. In marked contrast with hysterectomized animals, the acute luteolytic effects of RU 486 depend on the presence of the uterus and/or conceptuses in the pig;To test whether relaxin and RU 486 exert their actions directly on CNS/pituitary gland to affect PRL secretion, a second experiment was conducted. Hysterectomized pigs with aging corpora lutea were given acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of relaxin (300 Units, n = 6) or RU 486(4 mg, n = 5) on days 111, 113, and 115. ICV injections of relaxin and RU 486 markedly stimulated PRL secretion on day 111 (from 8.2 to 38.3 and 9.7 to 29.0 ng/ml, respectively, P \u3c 0.01). However, PRL response to subsequent ICV injection was blunted, probably due to down regulation mechanism. In contrast, ICV injection of vehicle (n = 3) did not cause any changes in plasma PRL concentrations. These results clearly demonstrate that relaxin exerts a central role in modulating PRL secretion in the pig, and RU 486 acts directly on CNS/pituitary to increase PRL secretion

Therapeutic efficacy of combined administration of thymosin and oxaliplatin in elderly gastric ulcer patients and its effect on cellular immunity and matrix metalloproteinase

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of thymosin combined with oxaliplatin and tiggio in aged gastric cancer (GC) sufferers, as well as their impact on cellular immunity and matrix metalloproteinase.Methods: Elderly GC sufferers (n = 82) were divided into study and control groups by random allocation (41 patients/group). Control group was treated with oxaliplatin combined with tiggio, while the study group was treated with thymopeptide injection, in addition to oxaliplatin combined with tiggio. Each treatment course lasted 21 days, and the study involved three courses. Clinical effectiveness and toxicity in the two groups were determined and compared before and after treatment.Results: Total effectiveness in the study group (73.16 %) and disease remission (95.11 %) were superior to the corresponding values for control patients given oxaliplatin and tiggio (48.78 and 85.37 %, respectively, p ˂ 0.05). There were markedly lower incidences of nausea, vomiting and leukopenia in the study group than in control (p ˂ 0.05).Conclusion: The use of thymosin-oxaliplatin-tigeo triple therapy for aged GC sufferers has a definite clinical benefits and low toxic side effects.Keywords: Thymosin, Asha Leigh Per, Teggio, Gastric cancer, Cellular immunity, Matrix metalloproteinas

Emergence of Shape Bias in Convolutional Neural Networks through Activation Sparsity

Current deep-learning models for object recognition are known to be heavily biased toward texture. In contrast, human visual systems are known to be biased toward shape and structure. What could be the design principles in human visual systems that led to this difference? How could we introduce more shape bias into the deep learning models? In this paper, we report that sparse coding, a ubiquitous principle in the brain, can in itself introduce shape bias into the network. We found that enforcing the sparse coding constraint using a non-differential Top-K operation can lead to the emergence of structural encoding in neurons in convolutional neural networks, resulting in a smooth decomposition of objects into parts and subparts and endowing the networks with shape bias. We demonstrated this emergence of shape bias and its functional benefits for different network structures with various datasets. For object recognition convolutional neural networks, the shape bias leads to greater robustness against style and pattern change distraction. For the image synthesis generative adversary networks, the emerged shape bias leads to more coherent and decomposable structures in the synthesized images. Ablation studies suggest that sparse codes tend to encode structures, whereas the more distributed codes tend to favor texture. Our code is host at the github repository: \url{https://github.com/Crazy-Jack/nips2023_shape_vs_texture}Comment: Published as NeurIPS 2023 (Oral

Business Value of Enterprise Micro-Blogs: Empirical Study from weibo.com in Sina

The increasing use of micro-blogs as marketing tools has increased the research attention on the usage and performance of enterprise micro-blogs. Based on research on information system (IS) usage and the resource-based view (RBV) theory, this study develops a model to measure the business value of enterprise micro-blogs. The model consists of metrics on micro-blog usage, micro-blog operational performance, firm capability, and performance. Questionnaires were distributed to firms that use micro-blogs. This study collects 317 valid responses for empirical analysis. The result suggests that the extent of micro-blog usage improves the operational performance of enterprise micro-blogs directly and indirectly by increasing firm capability. The operational performance of enterprise micro-blogs significantly affects firm performance. This study reveals the mechanism of business value generation of enterprise micro-blogs and extends the stream of research that combines IS usage and the RBV theory

RIMS: A Real-time and Intelligent Monitoring System for live-broadcasting platforms

Personal live shows on Internet streaming platforms currently are blooming as one of the most popular applications on mobile phones and especially attracting millions of young generation users. The content supervision on live streaming platforms, in which there are thousands or hundreds of show rooms for performing and chatting synchronously, is a major concern with the development of this new service. Traditional image captures and real-time content analysis experience huge difficulties such as processing delay, data overwhelming, and matching overhead. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive method to monitor real-time live stream and to identify illegal or unchartered live misbehaviors intelligently based on various proposed aspects instead of image analysis only. The proposed system called RIMS makes use of several novel indicators on show room status rather than analyzing images solely to support real-time requirements. Three detecting techniques are adopted: self-adaptive threshold-based abnormal traffic detection, sensitive Danmaku comment perception, and frame difference analysis. RIMS can detect dramatically increasing of user number in a show room, filter sensitive words in Danmaku, and capture segmentation of video scenes by frame difference analysis. We deploy our system to monitor a typical live- broadcasting platform called panda.tv, and overall accuracy of detection via three indicators reaches 90.1%. The application of RIMS can change current supervison methods on live platforms that they totally rely on real-time manual review or after the event check. The key techniques in RIMS can also be widely employed in many other mobile applications in edge computing such as video surveillance in Internet of Things and mobile short video sharing