Magnonic band structure of domain wall magnonic crystals

Magnonic crystals are prototype magnetic metamaterials designed for the control of spin wave propagation. Conventional magnonic crystals are composed of single domain elements. If magnetization textures, such as domain walls, vortices and skyrmions, are included in the building blocks of magnonic crystals, additional degrees of freedom over the control of the magnonic band structure can be achieved. We theoretically investigate the influence of domain walls on the spin wave propagation and the corresponding magnonic band structure. It is found that the rotation of magnetization inside a domain wall introduces a geometric vector potential for the spin wave excitation. The corresponding Berry phase has quantized value $4 n_w \pi$, where $n_w$ is the winding number of the domain wall. Due to the topological vector potential, the magnonic band structure of magnonic crystals with domain walls as comprising elements differs significantly from an identical magnonic crystal composed of only magnetic domains. This difference can be utilized to realize dynamic reconfiguration of magnonic band structure by a sole nucleation or annihilation of domain walls in magnonic crystals.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figure

RNA interference technology's research progress in the treatment of retinal disease

RNA interference exists widely in animals, which can induce specific genetic sequence to silence by double-stranded RNA molecules at the mRNA level. As a kind of new methods of blocking gene expression, RNA interference technology has become increasingly mature and perfect, it has opened up a new approach of gene therapy. RNA interference can effectively prevent the formation of new vessels in retina, restrain the occurrence and development of the proliferative vitreous retinopathy, and induce apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells. The research progress of the RNA interference in the above retinopathy was summarized in this review

A Multi-mode, Multi-class Dynamic Network Model With Queues For Advanced Transportation Information Systems

In this paper we propose a composite Variational Inequality formulation for modeling multimode, multi-class stochastic dynamic user equilibrium problem in recurrent congestion networks with queues. The modes typically refer to different vehicle types such as passenger cars, trucks, and buses sharing the same road space. Each vehicle type has its own characteristics, such as free flow speed, vehicle size. We extend single mode deterministic point model to multimode deterministic point model for modeling the asymmetric interactions among various modes. Meanwhile, each mode of travelers is classified into two classes. Class 1 is equipped travelers following stochastic dynamic user-equilibrium with less uncertainty of travel cost, class 2 is unequipped travelers following stochastic dynamic user-equilibrium with more uncertainty of travel cost. A solution algorithm based on stochastic dynamic network loading for logit-based simultaneous route and departure time choices is adopted. Finally a numerical example is presented in a simple network

Aqua­cyanido{6,6′-dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[1,2-phenyl­enebis(nitrilo­methanylyl­idene)]diphenolato}cobalt(III) acetonitrile hemisolvate

In the title complex, [Co(C22H18N2O4)(CN)(H2O)]·0.5CH3CN, the CoIII cation is N,N′,O,O′-chelated by a 6,6′-dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[1,2-phenyl­enebis(nitrilo­methanylyl­idene)]diphenolate dianion, and is further coordinated by a cyanide anion and a water mol­ecule in the axial sites, completing a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. In the crystal, pairs of bifurcated O—H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds link adjacent mol­ecules, forming centrosymmetric dimers. The acetonitrile solvent mol­ecule shows 0.5 occupancy

{6,6′-Dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[(cyclo­hexane-1,2-di­yl)bis­(nitriliomethyl­idyne)]diphenolato}trinitratolanthanum(III) methanol monosolvate

In the title mononuclear complex, [La(NO3)3(C22H26N2O4)]·CH3OH, the LaIII ion is coordinated by three bidentate nitrate counter-ions and one zwitterionic 6,6′-dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[(cyclo­hexane-1,2- di­yl)bis­(nitriliomethyl­idyne)]diphenolate ligand through two phenolate and two meth­oxy O atoms, while the protonated N atoms remain uncoordinated. H atoms located on the two N atoms are involved in intra­molecular hydrogen bonds with the deprotonated phenol O atoms, indicating that proton migration occurs during the lanthanum complexation

Bis[μ-1,1′-(ferrocene-1,1′-di­yl)bis(butane-1,3-dionato)]di-μ-methanol-diiron(II)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Fe4(C9H8O2)4(CH3OH)2], contains one half-mol­ecule located on a twofold rotational axis. In the mol­ecule, the two FeII ions bridged by two coordinating methanol mol­ecules are separated by 3.1286 (7) Å. Two crystallographically independent methanol mol­ecules are situated on a twofold rotational axis; all attached H atoms are rotationally disordered between two equal orientations