380 research outputs found
Newton-Cartan Gravity and Torsion
We compare the gauging of the Bargmann algebra, for the case of arbitrary
torsion, with the result that one obtains from a null-reduction of General
Relativity. Whereas the two procedures lead to the same result for
Newton-Cartan geometry with arbitrary torsion, the null-reduction of the
Einstein equations necessarily leads to Newton-Cartan gravity with zero
torsion. We show, for three space-time dimensions, how Newton-Cartan gravity
with arbitrary torsion can be obtained by starting from a Schroedinger field
theory with dynamical exponent z=2 for a complex compensating scalar and next
coupling this field theory to a z=2 Schroedinger geometry with arbitrary
torsion. The latter theory can be obtained from either a gauging of the
Schroedinger algebra, for arbitrary torsion, or from a null-reduction of
conformal gravity.Comment: 21 page
第791回 千葉医学会例会・第22回 麻酔科例会・第44回 千葉麻酔懇話会 9.
Correlations of plasma PIM-1 levels and clinicopathological parameters. (XLSX 11 kb
MOESM1 of Regioselective semi-synthesis of 6-isomers of 5,8-O-dimethyl ether of shikonin derivatives via an âintramolecular ring-closing/ring-openingâ strategy as potent anticancer agents
Additional file 1. Additional figures
<i>S. japonicum</i> egg nodes visible in the submucosa.
<p>(A) The ascending colon and (B) the sigmoid colon.</p
The diagram of the path in pursing medical treatment for the patient.
<p>The diagram of the path in pursing medical treatment for the patient.</p
Nitrogen-Doping Enhanced Fluorescent Carbon Dots: Green Synthesis and Their Applications for Bioimaging and Label-Free Detection of Au<sup>3+</sup> Ions
Fluorescent
carbon dots (CDs) hold great promise for a myriad applications
due to their fascinating attributes. However, the development of CDs
with high fluorescence quantum yield (QY) and unique surface property
is still in its infancy. Herein, we report a simple and green strategy
to produce water-soluble nitrogen-doped CDs (N-CDs) via the one-pot
hydrothermal carbonization of the mixture of natural peach gum polysaccharide
(PGP) and ethylenediamine. The resulting N-CDs exhibit a remarkably
enhanced QY (28.46%) as compared with that of undoped CDs (5.31%).
In addition, the N-CDs show stable fluorescence against ionic strength
variation and pH change. Preliminary biological studies reveal that
N-CDs possess low cytotoxicity and high fluorescent contrast in cells.
Moreover, we present here for the first time that the obtained N-CDs
can exhibit a fast and highly sensitive and selective fluorescence
quenching effect toward Au<sup>3+</sup> ions. The detection limit
can reach 6.4 × 10<sup>–8</sup> M, which compares favorably
to other reported fluorescent probes. We have also demonstrated that
the N-CDs can be employed to sense Au<sup>3+</sup> ions in real river
water. Considering the easy synthetic process and excellent performance
of the N-CDs, this investigation opens up new opportunities for preparing
high-quality fluorescent CDs to meet the requirement of many applications
Numbers of advanced schistosomiasis japonica in China.
<p>(A) In each province by 2008; (B) in each province by 2003 and new cases found from 2004 to 2008; and (C) the coverage rates of the aid-project in the cases at the levels of nation or province (Anhui) over 2004 to 2008.</p
Identification of Oxidation Compounds of 1‑Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine during Thermal Oxidation
Heat-induced
oxidative modification of phosphatidylethanolamine
molecular species as potential functional food components was investigated.
1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
(SLPE) was chosen as a model. The optimal temperature for hydroperoxide
formation was determined by mass spectrometry. The maximal level of
formation of this compound was obtained at 125 °C.
The structures of nonvolatile organic compounds (non-VOCs) were identified
using liquid chromatography–electrospray
ionization mass spectrometry combined with an acid treatment. Kinetics
of formation of non-VOCs was monitored over time. Results showed that
the level of the SLPE precursor rapidly decreased during thermal oxidation
and oxygenated products, such as hydroxyl, oxo, or epoxy groups, were
formed. The VOCs formed from oxidized SLPE were determined by headspace
solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography–mass
spectrometry analysis. The
result showed that a saturated methyl ketone (2-heptanone) was the
most predominant VOC of SLPE. Kinetics indicated that the formation
of VOCs was related not only to the decomposition of hydroperoxides
but also to the further decomposition of non-VOCs
Transfer Properties of Glycylglycine from Water to Aqueous NaNO<sub>3</sub>, NaClO<sub>4</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> Solutions
Enthalpies
of solution and densities of glycylglycine in aqueous
solutions of NaNO<sub>3</sub>, NaClO<sub>4</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> were measured at 298.15 K. Standard transfer enthalpies
(Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>H</i><sup>0</sup>), standard transfer
partial molar volume (Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>V</i><sub>ϕ</sub><sup>0</sup>), and hydration
numbers (<i>N</i><sub>h</sub>) have been determined for
glycylglycine. All of the Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>H</i><sup>0</sup> values are negative in the three salt solutions. The relative
order of Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>H</i><sup>0</sup> in the
same concentration of 1–1 type salts is NaNO<sub>3</sub> >
NaClO<sub>4</sub>. The Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>H</i><sup>0</sup> in low concentration of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> solutions
is between the corresponding values in NaNO<sub>3</sub> and NaClO<sub>4</sub> solutions. With increasing Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> concentration,
the Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>H</i><sup>0</sup> values exceed
that in NaNO<sub>3</sub> solutions. The Δ<sub>tr</sub><i>V</i><sub>ϕ</sub><sup>0</sup> values are positive and vary in the sequence Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> > NaNO<sub>3</sub> > NaClO<sub>4</sub>. The
results
were discussed in terms of various interactions
Comparison of the Volatiles Formed by Oxidation of Phosphatidylcholine to Triglyceride in Model Systems
The oxidative stability of oleoyl
and linoleoyl residues esterified
in the form of triglyceride (TAG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) during
thermal treatment was investigated. Headspace solid-phase microextraction
(HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
(GC–MS) analysis was used to determine the volatile compounds
from oxidized PL and TAG molecular species. The results showed that
aldehydes were the major volatile oxidized compounds (VOCs) of 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine (SOPC), 1-stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine (SLPC), and 1,3-distearoyl-2-linoleoyl-glycerol
(SLS), while ketones, especially saturated methyl ketones, were the
major VOCs of 1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (SOS). The monitoring
of the oxidative degradation using liquid chromatography–electrospray
ionization–mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS) showed
that either monounsaturated or diunsaturated fatty acyl groups were
less oxidized when in the form of PCs than when in the form of TAGs.
This finding demonstrated that the choline group in the form of PCs
could increase the stability of fatty acyl groups to oxidation in
comparison to TAGs
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