AFM height results of DNA chips in TAE buffer.

<p>A) Area scan (5 μm × 5 μm) of DNA chips. B) Zoomed in image (1 μm × 1 μm) of DNA chips. C) 3D AFM image of prepared DNA chips without target.</p

DNA chip structure and sequence of all staple strands.

<p>DNA chip structure and sequence of all staple strands.</p

A Novel Self-Assembling DNA Nano Chip for Rapid Detection of Human Papillomavirus Genes

<div><p>Rapid detection of tumor-associated DNA such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has important clinical value for the early screening of tumors. By attaching oligonucleotides or cDNA onto the chip surface, DNA chip technology provides a rapid method to analyze gene expression. However, challenges remain regarding increasing probe density and improving detection time. To address these challenges, we proposed a DNA chip that was self-assembled from single stranded DNA in combination with high probe density and a rapid detection method. Over 200 probes could be attached to the surface of this 100-nm diameter DNA chip. For detection, the chips were adsorbed onto a mica surface and then incubated for ten minutes with HPV-DNA; the results were directly observable using atomic force microscopy (AFM). This bottom-up fabricated DNA nano chip combined with high probe density and direct AFM detection at the single molecule level will likely have numerous potential clinical applications for gene screening and the early diagnosis of cancer.</p></div

Scheme of a DNA chip with attached probes incubated with target DNA strands.

<p>The structure and sequence of all staple strands is shown.</p

AFM result of DNA chips incubated with the target DNA.

<p>A) Area scan (2 μm × 2 μm) of DNA chips. B) Zoomed in image (150 nm × 150 nm) of DNA chips. C) 3D AFM image of DNA chips incubated with the target DNA.</p

Scheme of separated DNA probes for a single long target sequence.

<p>This strategy resulted in a firmly anchored helix on the DNA chips that is appropriate for AFM detection.</p

ESTIMATE_CESC_immunescore.

Mixed pedigree kinase 4 (MLK4) is a member of the serine/threonine kinases mixed pedigree kinase (MLKs) family. Few reports on immune-related targets in Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), and the role of MLK4 in cervical cancer remains to be studied. The expression of MLK4 in CESC was analyzed by TCGA database containing 306 CESC tissues and 3 peritumoral tissue samples, and the effect of MLK4 on immune invasion was evaluated using the Deseq2 package(Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p-value </div

MLK4 mRNA expression level is related to immune cell infiltration.

A. ESTIMATE was used to analyze the correlation between MLK4 and immune cell infiltration in cervical cancer B. The correlation between MLK4 and immune program was analyzed by IPS; C. Four different algorithms were used to analyze the correlation between MLK4 and immune cell infiltration in cervical cancer; D. Two algorithms were used to analyze the correlation between MLK4 and CD8+T cell infiltration in cervical cancer(*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001,****P < 0.0001).</p

Differential analysis of gene expression in cervical cancer.

A. Differential gene volcano map of cervical cancer; B. PCA of cervical cancer patients of various immune infiltration; C. volcanic map of cervical cancer patients with differing immune infiltration; and D. differential gene heat map of cervical cancer patients with different immune infiltration.</p

Differential expression of CESC.

Mixed pedigree kinase 4 (MLK4) is a member of the serine/threonine kinases mixed pedigree kinase (MLKs) family. Few reports on immune-related targets in Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), and the role of MLK4 in cervical cancer remains to be studied. The expression of MLK4 in CESC was analyzed by TCGA database containing 306 CESC tissues and 3 peritumoral tissue samples, and the effect of MLK4 on immune invasion was evaluated using the Deseq2 package(Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p-value </div