21 research outputs found

    Tree Species Composition and Distribution in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve, Puchong, Selangor

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    The study was conducted in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (AHFR), Puchong, Selangor to assess the floristic composition, stand attributes (including basal area, stem density, volume, above-ground biomass) and the tree species distribution. Besides that, the study aims to recognize the conservation status of tree species, potential increment of the species within the sampling area and it regenerating level by using the summation method. The enumeration of trees >5 cm dbh in the 5-ha plot recorded 6,621 trees which belong to 50 families, 148 genera and 319 species. Euphorbiaceae in this plot was found dominant in genera and tree stems but Myristicaceae has the most number of species with 27 species. Agrostistachys longifolia var. longifolia recorded 7.0% of all trees was the highest in stem number. Shannon-Weiner diversity i ndex, H' of the area was calculated at 4.74. I n this study, 4.4% of the endemic species for Peninsular Malaysia and 9.4% of the tree species was recorded for the first time for the state of Selangor. Only Artocarpus lowii was identified as uncommon and Canarium sumatranum is a rare species occurring in this area. Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve stratification and the stand density could be divided into five classes. The secondary species found occurring in this plot was 4.1% of the tree species. The total basal area, volume and aboveground biomass of the trees in 5-ha plot was 161.7 m2, 6,316.5 m3 and 1,777.2 t respectively. Every addition of a hectare in the contiguous area in t h e AHFR shows that there is an increase accumulative num ber o f species with the ranges of 9-35 species

    A preliminary study on the distribution of fruit tree taxa at Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve, Selangor

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    An assessment on the fruit trees families Burseraceae, Sapindaceae and Meliaceae showed that 714 trees from 10 genera representing 26 species were identified in the 5-ha plot. Sixteen mother trees were identified and all are Burseraceae explaining the high populations compared to Sapidaceae and Meliaceae. Despite the Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve being not fully recovered from the effects of previous logging activities, the diversity of fruit trees present is commendable in supplying food to different wildlife

    Wild pepper species consumed as green leafy vegetables among Orang Ulu groups in Asap-Koyan Belaga, Sarawak

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    Wild pepper plants are a valuable food source, particularly to the Sarawak local community living in rural areas. However, these plants remain unknown to the public due to the lack of scientific information disseminated to the public, and there is a rapid decline in traditional knowledge on edible plants from natural resources. The documentation and evaluation of traditional knowledge related to the diversity and usage of wild pepper plants are crucial. Therefore, this study was aimed to document and evaluate the species from Piperaceae vegetables as a food source among the Orang Ulu community in Belaga, Sarawak. Face-to-face interviews involving thirty respondents from Sungai Asap-Koyan, Belaga, Sarawak were conducted. This was to gather information on the diversity, distribution, usage, consumption and perception of wild pepper plants. From the results, wild peppers species commonly consumed were Piper umbellatum, P. borneense, P. auritifolium and P. rueckeri. Among the species, P. borneense var 1 and P. umbellatum showed significant distribution in the area. The consumption of wild pepper as leafy vegetables is common among the community as they prefer the taste, aroma, and due to their belief in its nutritional values and medicinal properties. The plant is also used as an additive in cooking, and it is widely accepted among the community. It has the potential to be commercialized and introduced as a food crop. Future studies should be conducted to assess and apply ethnic knowledge for improved performance of Piper species consumption among larger communities

    An annotated checklist of higher plants in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve, Puchong, Selangor

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    Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve is a Kelat-Kedondong subtype of the lowland dipterocarp forest situated in the Klang Valley which is currently undergoing a tremendous pace of socio-economic and physical development. The forest had been logged many times in the last 60 years or so and most vegetation niches are beginning to recover to their climax again. Our expedition, from 2-5 May 2000 involved a few botanists who observed and collected specimens of higher plants. The enumeration provided here is based only on the specimens collected during the expedition, includes 262 species of vascular plants belonging to 142 genera and 56 families: The Myrtaceae, with 22 species is the largest family in the checklist, followed by Euphorbiaceae, Dipterocarpaceae and Annonaceae with 21, 17 and 14 species, respectively. Species-wise the genus Knema, is the largest with 13 species, followed by Memecylon, Syzygium and Diospyros with 9, 7, and 7 species, respectively

    Effects of culture media on growth and spore occurrence of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) W.C. Snyd. & H.N. Hans

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    Panama disease or Fusarium wilt disease of banana has been recorded to be a major disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. This study was undertaken to study the effect of culture media on the growth and spore occurrence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC) isolated from infected banana plants in Sarawak, Malaysia. Seven types of carbon sources, namely: potato dextrose agar (PDA), rose bengal agar (RBA), corn meal agar (CMA), water agar with glucose (WAG), water agar with starch (WAS), inoculation media (IM) and sporulation media (SM) were evaluated. In general, FOC grew best in CMA (8.5 cm), followed by SM (8.2 cm), RBA (7.9 cm), WAS (5.9 cm), IM (5.4 cm), PDA (4.9 cm) and WAG (3.7 cm). The findings also showed that different types of media or carbon sources influenced the occurrence and formation of macroconidia, microconidia and chlamydospores of FOC. For the effect on morphology, UPMKB1, the microconidia and macroconidia size were 12.94 and 57.45 µm in length, respectively. However, for UPMKB2, the size of microconidia and macroconidia were 15.13 and 53.05 µm, respectively

    Tree taxa inventory at Ayer Hitam Forest base-camp

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    An inventory at the base camp along 6 new trails recorded a total of 86 species of seed plant taxa in 68 genera and 32 families. Of this number 22 timber species, 9 fruit tree species, 3 species with medicinal values and 8 species producing dye and tannins were identified. 6 Peninsular Malaysian endemics are also found here, two being new records for Selangor. This area is useful for teaching and practical training for forestry related and environmental courses

    Morphological characterization and nutrient assessment of wild pepper, Piper umbellatum L. (Piperaceae) grown in Sarawak, Malaysia

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    Wild pepper, Piper umbellatum L. is traditionally consumed as a leafy vegetable by the indigenous Kenyah tribesmen of Belaga, Sarawak, Malaysia. The shoots are normally harvested from secondary forest floors. The present study was carried out to determine the morphological and nutritional characteristics of P. umbellatum, i.e., proximate, mineral, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), vitamin C, and anti-nutrients, i.e., oxalate and phytate. The results showed that P. umbellatum possesses an ovate, alternate, entire and non-glandular trichome on its leaf surface. The inflorescence comprises an oblongoid spike attached to a peduncle and the ripened berries were orange and red in color. The results also revealed that the leaves of P. umbellatum had a high moisture content (63.27%), other recorded nutrient values were ash (8.62%), crude fiber (19.32%), K (1280.20 mg/100 g), Ca (570.60 mg/100 g), Mg (323.80 mg/100 g) and P (291.14 mg/100 g), TPC (510.63 mg/100 g), TFC (377.82 mg/100 g) and phytate (411.67 mg/100 g). Thus the consumption of the P. umbellatum as a leafy vegetable supplies a good dose of various essential nutrients

    Descriptive analysis: television uses among community in rural area, Sarawak

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    Television channel is used to convey messages of development agendas by the ruling government. Delivery of information through television channels especially in rural areas is still questionable because of the effectiveness level is influenced by their demographic features. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the population demographics with the frequency use of television for information searching that ultimately affects the rural community quality of life. The respondents were determined based on statistical analysis. A total of 356 respondents were involved from Asap Koyan Resettlement in Belaga, Sarawak. The data collection was using questionnaires and interview as well. The results showed that the primary government information seeking via Media Prima 44.2% and RTM 39.2%, sports, and recreational information via ASTRO channel 43.9% and other information through different channels 47.6 %. The findings also show that respondents have never and rarely watched television for a week. Based on the results of this study, television has less been chosen due to the low education level and cost of living constraints. In the future, television channels advice to broadcast more programmes specifically for the Sarawak rural community at the appropriate time to watch for up grading quality of life and their development benefits

    Notes on the distribution and ecology of Aquilaria Lam. ( Thymelaeaceae) in Malaysia

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    Gaharu is the resin produced from trees of the genus Aquilaria Lam. In Malaysia, there are five species of Aquilaria, viz. A. beccariana Van Tiegh, A. hirta Ridl., A. malaccensis Lam., A. microcarpa Baill. and A. rostrata Ridl. These species have been put by CITES in Appendix II which regulates trade in species that could potentially lead to extinction. A study was undertaken to re-examine the distribution and ecology of the different Aquilaria species in Malaysia. Besides generating data from field trips, additional data were obtained from the Fourth National Forest Inventory of Peninsular Malaysia (NFI 4). A total of 232 specimens had also been studied from the herbaria at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKMB), Singapore Botanic Gardens (SING), University of Malaya (KLU), Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (KEP), Sarawak Forestry Department (SAR) and Sabah Forestry Department (SAN). The distribution of A. malaccensis which supplies the largest bulk of gaharu being traded locally and internationally is widespread in our Malaysian forests except the state of Perlis. The remaining species can be found from the primary lowland forest up to an altitude of 825m a.s.l. in various habitats. Information obtained on the distribution and ecology of Aquilaria species in Malaysia will be valuable to the State Forestry Departments for the conservation and management of these resources in the wild and also plantations
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