Diagnostics for heavy ion beam driven Warm-dense-matter experiments

Intense heavy ion beams are an excellent tool to create large-volume samples of warm-dense-matter (WDM) with fairly uniform physical conditions. An extensive WDM experimental program is scheduled at LBNL where NDCX accelerator is used as a driver for heating metallic targets. This poster will focus on designing and implementation of diagnostics for a target. The diagnostics include a fast multi-channel optical pyrometer, absolutely calibrated streak camera-based spectrometer, Doppler-shift laser interferometer (VISAR) and fast gated CCD cameras. This equipment is capable of precise measurement of temperature starting from 2000 K, pressure in kbar region, and expansion velocities up to several km/sec. Temporal resolution of the diagnostic is on a sub-nanosecond time scale

Solenoidal Fields for Ion Beam Transport and Focusing

In this report we calculate time-independent fields of solenoidal magnets that are suitable for ion beam transport and focusing. There are many excellent Electricity and Magnetism textbooks that present the formalism for magnetic field calculations and apply it to simple geometries [1-1], but they do not include enough relevant detail to be used for designing a charged particle transport system. This requires accurate estimates of fringe field aberrations, misaligned and tilted fields, peak fields in wire coils and iron, external fields, and more. Specialized books on magnet design, technology, and numerical computations [1-2] provide such information, and some of that is presented here. The AIP Conference Proceedings of the US Particle Accelerator Schools [1-3] contain extensive discussions of design and technology of magnets for ion beams - except for solenoids. This lack may be due to the fact that solenoids have been used primarily to transport and focus particles of relatively low momenta, e.g. electrons of less than 50 MeV and protons or H- of less than 1.0 MeV, although this situation may be changing with the commercial availability of superconducting solenoids with up to 20T bore field [1-4]. Internal reports from federal laboratories and industry treat solenoid design in detail for specific applications. The present report is intended to be a resource for the design of ion beam drivers for Inertial Fusion Energy [1-5] and Warm Dense Matter experiments [1-6], although it should also be useful for a broader range of applications. The field produced by specified currents and material magnetization can always be evaluated by solving Maxwell's equations numerically, but it is also desirable to have reasonably accurate, simple formulas for conceptual system design and fast-running beam dynamics codes, as well as for general understanding. Most of this report is devoted to such formulas, but an introduction to the Tosca{copyright} code [1-7] and some numerical results obtained with it are also presented. Details of design, fabrication, installation, and operation of magnet systems are not included; here we are concerned with calculations that precede or supplement detailed design. Mathematical derivations are presented with only a moderate number of steps. While there is no claim of originality, except for various numerical approximations and a conceptual induction module design in section 20, many of the results and discussions are not readily available elsewhere. Our primary topic is axisymmetric solenoidal systems with no magnetic materials. These simplifying features allow useful analytical calculations, which occupy sections 2-13. Deviations from axisymmetry are considered in sections 14, 15, 21, 22, and 23 and the effects of magnetic materials are treated in sections 16-20. Since magnetic aberrations are mixed with geometric aberrations in computing ion orbits, section 22 on the ion equations of motion in an arbitrary field is included

Next generation ECR ion sources: First results of the superconducting 28 GHz ECRIS - VENUS

VENUS (Versatile ECR ion source for NUclear Science) is a next generation superconducting ECR ion source, designed to produce high current, high charge state ions for the 88-Inch Cyclotron at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. VENUS also serves as the prototype ion source for the RIA (Rare Isotope Accelerator) front end.The goal of the VENUS ECR ion source project as the RIA R&D injector is the production of 200 mu A of U30+, a high current medium charge state beam. On the other hand, as an injector ion source for the 88-Inch Cyclotron the design objective is the production of 5e mu A of U48+, a low current, very high charge state beam. To achieve those ambitious goals, the VENUS ECR ion source has been designed for optimum operation at 28 GHz. The nominal design fields of the axial magnets are 4T at injection and 3T at extraction; the nominal radial design field strength at the plasma chamber wall is 2T, making VENUS currently the world most powerful ECR plasma confinement structure.Recently, the six year project has made significant progress. In June 2002, the first plasma was ignited at 18 GHz. During 2003, the VENUS ECR ion source was commissioned at 18 GHz, while preparations for 28 GHz operation were being conducted. In May 2004 28 GHz microwave power has been coupled into the VENUS ECR ion source for the first time. Preliminary performance-tests with oxygen, xenon and bismuth at 18 GHz and 28 GHz have shown promising results. Intensities close to or exceeding the RIA requirements have been produced for those few test beams.The paper will briefly describe the design of the VENUS source and its beam analyzing system. Results at 18 GHz and 28 GHz including first emittance measurements will be described

Progress report on VENUS

The construction of VENUS, a next generation superconducting Electron Cyclotron Resonance ion source designed to operate at 28 GHz, is complete. The cryostat including the superconducting magnet assembly was delivered in September 2001. During acceptance tests, the superconducting magnets produced an axial magnetic field strength of 4T at injection, 3T at extraction, and a radial field strength of 2T at the plasma chamber wall without any quenches. These fields are sufficient for optimum operation at 28 GHz. The cryogenic system for VENUS has been designed to operate at 4.2 K with two cryocoolers each providing up to 45 W of cooling at 50 K and 1.5 W at 4 K in a closed loop mode without further helium transfers. However, during the acceptance tests an excessive heat leak of about 3W was measured. In addition, the liquid helium heat exchanger did not work properly and had to be redesigned. The cryogenic system modifications will be described. In addition, an update on the installation of the ion source and its beam line components will be given

Design of the extraction system and beamline of the superconducting ECR ion source VENUS

A new, very high magnetic field superconducting ECR ion source, VENUS, is under construction at the LBNL 88-Inch Cyclotron [1,2]. The paper describes the VENUS extraction system and discusses the ion beam formation in the strong axial magnetic field (3 T) of the ECR ion source. Emittance values as expected from theory, which assumes a uniform plasma density across the plasma outlet hole, are compared with actual measurements from the AECR-U ion source. Results indicate that highly charged heavier ions are concentrated on the source axis. They are extracted from an ''effective'' plasma outlet hole, whose smaller radius must be included in ion optics simulations