Przestrzenno-czasowy rozkład czynników wpływających na zrównoważony rozwój rolnictwa w Chinach

Guided by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the research focuses on the sustainable development of agriculture. Based on the data of China's agricultural and economic development from 2013 to 2022, using entropy method to build the agricultural green development index (AGDI) system. Furthermore, the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model was used to analyze the impact of seven factors on AGDI, namely, Urbanization rate (UR), Financial support for agricultural level (FSAL), Number of village health clinics (NVHC), Sulfur dioxide emissions (SDE), Chemical oxygen demand emissions (CODE), Education funding (EF), and educational attachment (EA). The results show that (1) AGDI in different regions is highly consistent in temporal evolution, but the spatial distribution is significantly different, showing a pattern of high in the south of the east – secondary high in the middle – low in the northwest and northern parts of the region. (2) The influence of each factor on AGDI has obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity. For example, SDE had a negative impact throughout the investigation period, with the largest fluctuation amplitude; The effects of FSAL and NVHC are relatively stable. (3) The impact of EA remains consistent in different regions in 2013 and 2022. The impact of FASL and NVHC is mainly in the east and northeast, the impact of CODE is mainly in the east and central, and the impact of EF and SDE is mainly in the northeast. The research results not only reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics of green development in Chinese agriculture, but also provide reference for policy-making.Kierując się Celami Zrównoważonego Rozwoju ONZ, badania koncentrują się na zrównoważonym rozwoju rolnictwa. Na podstawie danych dotyczących chińskiego rozwoju rolniczego i gospodarczego w latach 2013–2022, wykorzystano metodę entropii do zbudowania systemu indeksu zielonego rozwoju rolnictwa (AGDI). Ponadto, model regresji ważonej geograficznie i czasowo (GTWR) został użyty do analizy wpływu siedmiu czynników na AGDI, a mianowicie: wskaźnika urbanizacji (UR), wsparcia finansowego dla poziomu rolnictwa (FSAL), liczby wiejskich przychodni zdrowia (NVHC), emisji dwutlenku siarki (SDE), emisji chemicznego zapotrzebowania na tlen (CODE), finansowania edukacji (EF) i przywiązania edukacyjnego (EA). Wyniki pokazują, że (1) AGDI w różnych regionach jest wysoce spójne w ewolucji czasowej, ale rozkład przestrzenny jest znacząco różny, pokazując wzór wysoki na południu wschodu – wtórny wysoki w środku – niski w północno-zachodniej i północnej części regionu. (2) Wpływ każdego czynnika na AGDI ma oczywistą heterogeniczność czasoprzestrzenną. Na przykład SDE miało negatywny wpływ przez cały okres objęty badaniem, z największą amplitudą wahań; skutki FSAL i NVHC są stosunkowo stabilne. (3) Wpływ EA pozostaje spójny w różnych regionach w 2013 i 2022 r. Wpływ FASL i NVHC występuje głównie na wschodzie i północnym wschodzie, wpływ CODE występuje głównie na wschodzie i w centrum, a wpływ EF i SDE występuje głównie na północnym wschodzie. Wyniki badań nie tylko ujawniają przestrzenno-czasowe cechy zielonego rozwoju w chińskim rolnictwie, ale także stanowią punkt odniesienia dla kształtowania ogólnej polityki

Dynamic Patterns and Modelling of COVID-19 Early Transmission by Dynamic Mode Decomposition

Introduction Understanding the transmission patterns and dynamics of COVID-19 is critical to effective monitoring, intervention, and control for future pandemics. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of COVID-19 transmission during the early stage of the outbreak in the US, with the goal of informing future responses to similar outbreaks. Methods We used dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and national data on COVID-19 cases (April 6, 2020–October 9, 2020) to model the spread of COVID-19 in the US as a dynamic system. DMD can decompose the complex evolution of disease cases into linear combinations of simple spatial patterns or structures (modes) with time-dependent mode amplitudes (coefficients). The modes reveal the hidden dynamic behaviors of the data. We identified geographic patterns of COVID-19 spread and quantified time-dependent changes in COVID-19 cases during the study period. Results The magnitude analysis from the dominant mode in DMD showed that California, Louisiana, Kansas, Georgia, and Texas had higher numbers of COVID-19 cases than other areas during the study period. States such as Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Massachusetts, New York, and Texas showed simultaneous increases in the number of COVID-19 cases, consistent with data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Conclusion Results from DMD analysis indicate that certain areas in the US shared similar trends and similar spatiotemporal transmission patterns of COVID-19. These results provide valuable insights into the spread of COVID-19 and can inform policy makers and public health authorities in designing and implementing mitigation interventions

Delivery of MicroRNA-10b with Polylysine Nanoparticles for Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Wound Healing

Recent studies revealed that micro RNA-10b (mir-10b) is highly expressed in metastatic breast cancer cells and positively regulates breast cancer cell migration and invasion through inhibition of HOXD10 target synthesis. In this study we designed anti-mir-10b molecules and combined them with poly L-lysine (PLL) to test the delivery effectiveness. An RNA molecule sequence exactly matching the mature mir-10b minor antisense showed strong inhibition when mixed with PLL in a wound-healing assay with human breast cell line MDA-MB-231. The resulting PLL-RNA nanoparticles delivered the anti-microRNA molecules into cytoplasm of breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner that displayed sustainable effectiveness

Partial Wave Analysis of J/ψ→γ(K+K−π+π−)J/\psi \to \gamma (K^+K^-\pi^+\pi^-)

BES data on $J/\psi \to \gamma (K^+K^-\pi^+\pi^-)$ are presented. The $K^*\bar K^*$ contribution peaks strongly near threshold. It is fitted with a broad $0^{-+}$ resonance with mass $M = 1800 \pm 100$ MeV, width $\Gamma = 500 \pm 200$ MeV. A broad $2^{++}$ resonance peaking at 2020 MeV is also required with width $\sim 500$ MeV. There is further evidence for a $2^{-+}$ component peaking at 2.55 GeV. The non-$K^*\bar K^*$ contribution is close to phase space; it peaks at 2.6 GeV and is very different from $K^{*}\bar{K^{*}}$.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, Submitted to PL

Measurement of ψ(2S)\psi(2S) decays to baryon pairs

A sample of 3.95M $\psi(2S)$ decays registered in the BES detector are used to study final states containing pairs of octet and decuplet baryons. We report branching fractions for $\psi(2S)\to p\bar{p}$, $\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}$, $\Sigma^0\bar{\Sigma}{}^0$, $\Xi^-\bar{\Xi}{}^+$, $\Delta^{++}\bar{\Delta}{}^{--}$, $\Sigma^+(1385)\bar{\Sigma}{}^-(1385)$, $\Xi^0(1530)\bar{\Xi}{}^0(1530)$, and $\Omega^-\bar{\Omega}{}^+$. These results are compared to expectations based on the SU(3)-flavor symmetry, factorization, and perturbative QCD.Comment: 22 pages, 21 figures, 4 table

The Cytotoxic Role of Intermittent High Glucose on Apoptosis and Cell Viability in Pancreatic Beta Cells

Objectives. Glucose fluctuations are both strong predictor of diabetic complications and crucial factor for beta cell damages. Here we investigated the effect of intermittent high glucose (IHG) on both cell apoptosis and proliferation activity in INS-1 cells and the potential mechanisms. Methods. Cells were treated with normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L), constant high glucose (CHG) (25 mmol/L), and IHG (rotation per 24 h in 11.1 or 25 mmol/L) for 7 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), xanthine oxidase (XOD) level, apoptosis, cell viability, cell cycle, and expression of cyclinD1, p21, p27, and Skp2 were determined. Results. We found that IHG induced more significant apoptosis than CHG and normal glucose; intracellular ROS and XOD levels were more markedly increased in cells exposed to IHG. Cells treated with IHG showed significant decreased cell viability and increased cell proportion in G0/G1 phase. Cell cycle related proteins such as cyclinD1 and Skp2 were decreased significantly, but expressions of p27 and p21 were increased markedly. Conclusions. This study suggested that IHG plays a more toxic effect including both apoptosis-inducing and antiproliferative effects on INS-1 cells. Excessive activation of cellular stress and regulation of cyclins might be potential mechanism of impairment in INS-1 cells induced by IHG

Development of mouse preimplantation embryos in space.

The development of life beyond planet Earth is a long-standing quest of the human race, but whether normal mammalian embryonic development can occur in space is still unclear. Here, we show unequivocally that preimplantation mouse embryos can develop in space, but the rate of blastocyst formation and blastocyst quality are compromised. Additionally, the cells in the embryo contain severe DNA damage, while the genome of the blastocysts developed in space is globally hypomethylated with a unique set of differentially methylated regions. The developmental defects, DNA damage and epigenetic abnormalities can be largely mimicked by the treatment with ground-based low-dose radiation. However, the exposure to simulated microgravity alone does not cause major disruptions of embryonic development, indicating that radiation is the main cause for the developmental defects. This work advances the understanding of embryonic development in space and reveals long-term extreme low-dose radiation as a hazardous factor for mammalian reproduction

Non-targeted Metabolomic Study on Anti-aging Effect of Ripe Pu-erh Tea on D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice

Delaying aging has become a hot spot of social concern and research. Our previous studies have shown that ripe Pu-erh tea can delay aging in mice by regulating the intestinal flora, but the metabolites in response to endogenous substances in mice are not clear. In this paper, the Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory capacity in control, D-galactose-induced aging, and ripe Pu-erh tea-treated mice. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to detect metabolites in the brain tissue and serum of mice from each group for the purpose of exploring the anti-aging effect of ripe Pu-erh tea on D-galactose-induced aging mice, screening differential metabolites among the three groups and analyzing the related metabolic pathways. The results showed that ripe Pu-erh tea improved learning capacity, and regulated 26 differential metabolites in the brain tissue of aging mice, mainly involved in the glycerophospholipid metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, histidine metabolism and purine metabolism pathways, among which the glycerophospholipid metabolism and histidine metabolism pathway were the most significant. A total of 11 differential metabolites were identified in serum, mainly involved in the metabolism of vitamin B6 and arachidonic acid, among which vitamin B6 metab olism pathway was the most significant. After the intervention with ripe Pu-erh tea, the contents of glycerophospholipid metabolites including phosphatidylcholine [PC (20:5/20:4)], phosphatidyl ethanlamine [PE (22:2/14:0)], phosphatidylserine [PS (20:5/18:1)] and lysophosphatidylcholine [LysoPC (18:2)], the histidine metabolite carnosine, and the vitamin B6 metabolite pyridoxal 5’-phosphate were significantly increased in aging mice. These results suggest that ripe Pu-erh tea can delay aging by regulating lipid and amino acid metabolism

Genetic diversity and selection of Tibetan sheep breeds revealed by whole-genome resequencing

Objective This study aimed to elucidate the underlying gene regions responsible for productive, phenotypic or adaptive traits in different ecological types of Tibetan sheep and the discovery of important genes encoding valuable traits. Methods We used whole-genome resequencing to explore the genetic relationships, phylogenetic tree, and population genetic structure analysis. In addition, we identified 28 representative Tibetan sheep single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genomic selective sweep regions with different traits in Tibetan sheep by fixation index (Fst) and the nucleotide diversity (θπ) ratio. Results The genetic relationships analysis showed that each breed partitioned into its own clades and had close genetic relationships. We also identified many potential breed-specific selective sweep regions, including genes associated with hypoxic adaptability (MTOR, TRHDE, PDK1, PTPN9, TMTC2, SOX9, EPAS1, PDGFD, SOCS3, TGFBR3), coat color (MITF, MC1R, ERCC2, TCF25, ITCH, TYR, RALY, KIT), wool traits (COL4A2, ERC2, NOTCH2, ROCK1, FGF5, SOX9), and horn phenotypes (RXFP2). In particular, a horn-related gene, RXFP2, showed the four most significantly associated SNP loci (g. 29481646 A>G, g. 29469024 T>C, g. 29462010 C>T, g. 29461968 C>T) and haplotypes. Conclusion This finding demonstrates the potential for genetic markers in future molecular breeding programs to improve selection for horn phenotypes. The results will facilitate the understanding of the genetic basis of production and adaptive unique traits in Chinese indigenous Tibetan sheep taxa and offer a reference for the molecular breeding of Tibetan sheep

A Measurement of the Mass and Full-Width of the ηc\eta_c Meson

In a sample of 7.8 million $J/\psi$ decays collected in the Beijing Spectrometer, the process J/$\psi\to\gamma\eta_c$ is observed for five different $\eta_c$ decay channels: $K^+K^-\pi^+\pi^-$, $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$, $K^\pm K^0_S \pi^\mp$ (with $K^0_S\to\pi^+\pi^-$), $\phi\phi$ (with $\phi\to K^+K^-$) and $K^+K^-\pi^0$. From these signals, we determine the mass of $\eta_c$ to be $2976.6\pm2.9\pm1.3$ MeV. Combining this result with a previously reported result from a similar study using $\psi(2S)\to\gamma\eta_c$ detected in the same spectrometer gives $m_{\eta_c} = 2976.3\pm2.3\pm1.2$ MeV. For the combined samples, we obtain $\Gamma_{\eta_c} = 11.0\pm 8.1\pm 4.1$ MeV.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures and 1 tabl