Ketidaklaziman Kolokasi Pembelajar Bipa dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa

Unacceptable Collocations by Learners of Indonesian as a ForeignLanguage and the Implication in Language Learning. Foreign language learners\u27ability to collocate words that are natural and acceptable in the target language isimportant in foreign language learning; however, it is notoriously difficult forforeign language learners and sometimes makes them frustrated. This studyattempts to describe the negative transfer of English collocations into Indonesiancollocations made by learners of Indonesian as a foreign language in their writingassignments. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. The data werecollected from 36 writing assignments by 12 learners whose mother tongue isEnglish. They were trainee teachers with experience in teaching Indonesian inAustralia. The finding shows that there are 176 unnatural Indonesian collocations,some of which are negative transfers of learners\u27 mother tongue. This suggests thatdirect teaching of collocations should be given special emphasis in teachingIndonesian as a foreign language

Largely Tunable Morphologies Self-Assembled by A(AB)_<i>n</i> Miktoarm Star Copolymer in Solutions

Precise control of self-assembled structures in solution by tailoring molecular architecture is of great significance for the utilization of amphiphilic block copolymers. Inspired by the topological design principle via regulating the effect of spontaneous curvature in bulk, here, we focus on the self-assembly behavior of A′(A″B)n miktoarm star copolymer in dilute solution with tunable molecular architecture and spontaneous curvature through changing architectural parameters, including the volume fraction of A-blocks (f), the ratio of volume fraction of A′-block to the total A-blocks (τ), and the arm number (n). We use dissipative particle dynamics to investigate the phase behavior and self-assembled morphologies of A′(A″B)n copolymer in terms of τ and f in the B-selective and A-selective solvents, which exhibit notable differences due to the opposite effect of molecular spontaneous curvature. The stability region of morphologies with low interfacial curvature, such as vesicular structures, is relatively small in the B-selective solvent while that is expanded remarkably in the A-selective solvent. Compared with the monotonic shift of phase boundary between micellar structures and vesicular structures with τ in the B-selective solvent, the phase boundary shifts nonmonotonically in the A-selective solvent, with the appearance of more complex structures. It is noteworthy that the effect of bridge conformation of A″-blocks also greatly affects the self-assembly behavior in solution, and the longer A″-blocks promote the formation of vesicular structures and complex aggregates of assemblies. Moreover, the decrease of copolymer solubility caused by the effect of steric hindrance originating from molecular architecture has a tendency to drive the morphological transition from simple vesicles to compound vesicles in the A-selective solvent. Thus, by tuning the architecture of A′(A″B)n in different solutions, the effects of three mechanisms involving molecular curvature, bridge conformation, and copolymer solubility can be synergistically regulated to obtain abundant and desired nanostructures. These results deepen the understanding of the molecular design of amphiphilic block copolymers and provide theoretical guidance for preparing required morphologies in experiments

Coordination Polymers of Copper(I) Halides and Neutral Heterocyclic Thiones with New Coordination Modes

Reaction of copper(I) chloride or bromide with equimolar amounts of the neutral pyrimidine-2-thione ligand (pymtH) afforded linear chain polymers [Cu(pymtH)X]n (X = Cl, Br) with the pymtH ligand acting as a bridging N, S donor. In contrast, copper(I) iodide under the same conditions gave the dimeric complex [Cu(pymtH)2I]2 with the pymtH ligand adopting monodentate coordination mode through the exocyclic sulfur atom in terminal and bridging modes. Reactions of the heterocyclic thione ligand 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (H3TMT) with copper(I) halides afforded novel three-dimensional polymers, which crystallized in the cubic space group Pa3̄. Each copper(I) ion is coordinated by three S atoms of three distinct H3TMT ligands, and each H3TMT acts as a tridentate bridging ligand linking three copper(I) ions through its sulfur atoms, thus forming two independent three-dimensional (3D) networks. The network belongs to a three-connected (10, 3)-a topology, which is enantiometric and interpenetrating. In all complexes the ligands are present in the thione form, and all halides are terminally coordinated to copper(I) ions. The photoluminescent and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated

Coordination Polymers of Copper(I) Halides and Neutral Heterocyclic Thiones with New Coordination Modes

Reaction of copper(I) chloride or bromide with equimolar amounts of the neutral pyrimidine-2-thione ligand (pymtH) afforded linear chain polymers [Cu(pymtH)X]n (X = Cl, Br) with the pymtH ligand acting as a bridging N, S donor. In contrast, copper(I) iodide under the same conditions gave the dimeric complex [Cu(pymtH)2I]2 with the pymtH ligand adopting monodentate coordination mode through the exocyclic sulfur atom in terminal and bridging modes. Reactions of the heterocyclic thione ligand 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (H3TMT) with copper(I) halides afforded novel three-dimensional polymers, which crystallized in the cubic space group Pa3̄. Each copper(I) ion is coordinated by three S atoms of three distinct H3TMT ligands, and each H3TMT acts as a tridentate bridging ligand linking three copper(I) ions through its sulfur atoms, thus forming two independent three-dimensional (3D) networks. The network belongs to a three-connected (10, 3)-a topology, which is enantiometric and interpenetrating. In all complexes the ligands are present in the thione form, and all halides are terminally coordinated to copper(I) ions. The photoluminescent and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated

Two Metal-Carboxylate Frameworks Featuring Uncommon 2D + 3D and 3-Fold-Interpenetration: (3,5)-Connected Isomeric hms and gra Nets

Two new interpenetrated metal-carboxylate frameworks (MCFs) [(CH3)2NH2][Zn2(BDC)(BTB)][Zn3(BTB)2(H2O)2]·4DMA·2C2H5OH·7H2O (MCF-25, 1, H2BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, H3BTB = benzene-1,3,5-tribenzoic acid), and [(CH3)2NH2][Zn2(BDC)(BTB)]·3DMF·2H2O (MCF-26, 2), synthesized by solvothermal reaction and room-temperature evaporation, respectively, are constructed by Zn2(O2CR)5 (in 1 and 2) and Zn3(O2CR)6 (in 1) units incorporating mixed BDC2− and BTB3− ligands. 1 is composed of two different frameworks with 2D 63 bilayers and a rare (3,5)-connected 3D hms net giving an interesting 2D + 3D framework, whereas 2 features a novel 3-fold interpenetrated (3,5)-connected gra net with chiral, hexagonal helical channels. Structural analysis shows that the two 3D nets of hms in 1 and gra in 2 are strict isomers with the same components but different steric arrangements, which are derived from different orientations of the two axial carboxylate bridges in two isomeric Zn2(O2CR)5 SBUs

Coordination Polymers of Copper(I) Halides and Neutral Heterocyclic Thiones with New Coordination Modes

Reaction of copper(I) chloride or bromide with equimolar amounts of the neutral pyrimidine-2-thione ligand (pymtH) afforded linear chain polymers [Cu(pymtH)X]n (X = Cl, Br) with the pymtH ligand acting as a bridging N, S donor. In contrast, copper(I) iodide under the same conditions gave the dimeric complex [Cu(pymtH)2I]2 with the pymtH ligand adopting monodentate coordination mode through the exocyclic sulfur atom in terminal and bridging modes. Reactions of the heterocyclic thione ligand 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (H3TMT) with copper(I) halides afforded novel three-dimensional polymers, which crystallized in the cubic space group Pa3̄. Each copper(I) ion is coordinated by three S atoms of three distinct H3TMT ligands, and each H3TMT acts as a tridentate bridging ligand linking three copper(I) ions through its sulfur atoms, thus forming two independent three-dimensional (3D) networks. The network belongs to a three-connected (10, 3)-a topology, which is enantiometric and interpenetrating. In all complexes the ligands are present in the thione form, and all halides are terminally coordinated to copper(I) ions. The photoluminescent and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated

Coordination Polymers of Copper(I) Halides and Neutral Heterocyclic Thiones with New Coordination Modes

Reaction of copper(I) chloride or bromide with equimolar amounts of the neutral pyrimidine-2-thione ligand (pymtH) afforded linear chain polymers [Cu(pymtH)X]n (X = Cl, Br) with the pymtH ligand acting as a bridging N, S donor. In contrast, copper(I) iodide under the same conditions gave the dimeric complex [Cu(pymtH)2I]2 with the pymtH ligand adopting monodentate coordination mode through the exocyclic sulfur atom in terminal and bridging modes. Reactions of the heterocyclic thione ligand 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (H3TMT) with copper(I) halides afforded novel three-dimensional polymers, which crystallized in the cubic space group Pa3̄. Each copper(I) ion is coordinated by three S atoms of three distinct H3TMT ligands, and each H3TMT acts as a tridentate bridging ligand linking three copper(I) ions through its sulfur atoms, thus forming two independent three-dimensional (3D) networks. The network belongs to a three-connected (10, 3)-a topology, which is enantiometric and interpenetrating. In all complexes the ligands are present in the thione form, and all halides are terminally coordinated to copper(I) ions. The photoluminescent and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated

Coordination Polymers of Copper(I) Halides and Neutral Heterocyclic Thiones with New Coordination Modes

Reaction of copper(I) chloride or bromide with equimolar amounts of the neutral pyrimidine-2-thione ligand (pymtH) afforded linear chain polymers [Cu(pymtH)X]n (X = Cl, Br) with the pymtH ligand acting as a bridging N, S donor. In contrast, copper(I) iodide under the same conditions gave the dimeric complex [Cu(pymtH)2I]2 with the pymtH ligand adopting monodentate coordination mode through the exocyclic sulfur atom in terminal and bridging modes. Reactions of the heterocyclic thione ligand 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (H3TMT) with copper(I) halides afforded novel three-dimensional polymers, which crystallized in the cubic space group Pa3̄. Each copper(I) ion is coordinated by three S atoms of three distinct H3TMT ligands, and each H3TMT acts as a tridentate bridging ligand linking three copper(I) ions through its sulfur atoms, thus forming two independent three-dimensional (3D) networks. The network belongs to a three-connected (10, 3)-a topology, which is enantiometric and interpenetrating. In all complexes the ligands are present in the thione form, and all halides are terminally coordinated to copper(I) ions. The photoluminescent and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated

Coordination Polymers of Copper(I) Halides and Neutral Heterocyclic Thiones with New Coordination Modes

Reaction of copper(I) chloride or bromide with equimolar amounts of the neutral pyrimidine-2-thione ligand (pymtH) afforded linear chain polymers [Cu(pymtH)X]n (X = Cl, Br) with the pymtH ligand acting as a bridging N, S donor. In contrast, copper(I) iodide under the same conditions gave the dimeric complex [Cu(pymtH)2I]2 with the pymtH ligand adopting monodentate coordination mode through the exocyclic sulfur atom in terminal and bridging modes. Reactions of the heterocyclic thione ligand 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (H3TMT) with copper(I) halides afforded novel three-dimensional polymers, which crystallized in the cubic space group Pa3̄. Each copper(I) ion is coordinated by three S atoms of three distinct H3TMT ligands, and each H3TMT acts as a tridentate bridging ligand linking three copper(I) ions through its sulfur atoms, thus forming two independent three-dimensional (3D) networks. The network belongs to a three-connected (10, 3)-a topology, which is enantiometric and interpenetrating. In all complexes the ligands are present in the thione form, and all halides are terminally coordinated to copper(I) ions. The photoluminescent and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated

Porous Metal−Organic Framework Based on μ₄-oxo Tetrazinc Clusters: Sorption and Guest-Dependent Luminescent Properties

A three-dimensional, highly porous metal−organic framework [Zn4O(bdc)(bpz)2]·4DMF·6H2O (1) (bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, bpz = 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-bipyrazolate) constructed by Zn4O clusters with bdc and bpz linkers, has been prepared and structurally characterized. The N2 sorption measurements reveal that 1 exhibits high porosity with a Langmuir surface area of 1908 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.58 cm3/g. Compound 1 features hydrophobic channels with a free passage of ∼8.2 Å defined by the methyl groups from bpz, and it exhibits nice sorption capability for benzene and toluene and interesting two-step sorption behavior for methanol. Meanwhile, 1 also exhibits interesting guest-dependent luminescent properties