Qualidade de vida em idosos e sua associação com mudanças nas relações sociais e estilo de vida, Florianópolis-SC, estudo Epifloripa Idoso

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Florianópolis, 2015.Objetivo: Investigar a associação das mudanças, ocorridas no período entre 2009/2010 e 2013/2014, nas relações sociais e no estilo de vida, sobre a qualidade de vida (QV) em idosos residentes no município de Florianópolis-SC. Métodos: Trata-se de dados das duas ondas (2009/2010 e 2013/2014) do EpiFloripa Idoso, estudo populacional e domiciliar, com linha de base residentes de Florianópolis-SC. A amostra foi composta por 1.197 participantes, maiores de 60 anos, de ambos os sexos. O desfecho, QV, foi avaliado pelo instrumento CASP-16 Brasil, em 2013/2014, o qual totaliza um escore entre 0 e 48, 0 a ausência de QV e 48 a satisfação total da QV. As variáveis de ajuste, coletadas na segunda onda foram: sexo, faixa etária, situação conjugal, escolaridade e presença de provável déficit cognitivo. As variáveis independentes de mudança na relação social, coletadas em ambas as ondas foram: arranjo familiar, trabalho, uso de Internet, participação em grupos de convivência ou religiosos; e de estilo de vida, a atividade física. Utilizou-se regressão linear múltipla para estimar o impacto das variáveis de mudança social e estilo de vida sobre o escore de QV. Resultados: A amostra final compreendeu 1.131 idosos (taxa de resposta 94,5%). A média do escore de qualidade de vida (QV) dos idosos foi 37,6 (IC95% 37,2;38,1). As relações sociais que mostraram associação com escore significativamente mais elevado foram: começar a trabalhar (ß=2,82, IC95% 1,42;4,22), continuar o uso da Internet (ß=2,11, IC95% 0,85;3,36), começar a participar de grupos religiosos ou de convivência (ß=1,68, IC95% 0,19;3,17), manter-se (ß=4,47, IC95% 3,32;5,63) e tornar-se fisicamente ativo (ß=3,58, IC95% 1,95;5,21), e tornar-se insuficientemente ativo (ß=1,67, IC95% 0,26;3,08). Entretanto, observou-se que permanecer morando com a família apresentou efeito negativo sobre QV dos idosos (ß=-3,33, IC95% -5,06;-1,60). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que algumas mudanças nas relações sociais tiveram efeito positivo sobre a QV. A atividade física reafirmou sua importância para um envelhecimento saudável, uma vez que praticá-la em alguma das ondas foi melhor que manter-se inativo. Concluiu-se que algumas mudanças nas relações sociais e estilo de vidaainda permitem melhor QV dos idosos e que as políticas públicas precisam contemplar as influências e a valorização dessas relações, nesse grupo etário.Abstract : To investigate the association of changes that occurred between 2009/2010 and 2013/2014, in social relations and lifestyle, on quality of life (QoL) of elderly residents from Florianópolis-SC. Methods: This data is from two waves (2009/2010 and 2013/2014) of EpiFloripa Idoso, population and household based study, and as baseline, residents of Florianópolis-SC. The sample consists of 1.197 participants over 60 years old of both sexes. The outcome, QoL was assesses by CASP-16 Brazil in 20013/2014, which total score goes from zero to 48. The zero represents absence of QoL, and 48 total satisfaction. The adjustment variables were gender, age, marital status, education level and cognitive impairment. The independent variables of change, collected on both waves, in social relations were living arrangements, work, Internet use, participation in community groups or religious; and change in lifestyle was physical activity. We used multiple linear regression to estimate the impact of social change variables and lifestyle on the QoL score. The level of statistical significance for association was set at 5%. Results: The final sample included 1.131 elderlies (response rate 94.5%). The average QoL score of the elderly was 37.6 (95%CI 37.2;38.1). The social relations that improved this score were: to start to work (ß=2.82, 95%CI 1.42;4.22), to continue the use of Internet (ß=2.11, 95%CI 0.85;3.36), to start participating in religious or living groups (ß=1.68, 95%CI 0.19;3.17), to remain (ß=4.47, 95%CI 3.32;5.63) and to become physically active (ß=3.58, 95%CI 1.95;5.21), and to become physically inactive (ß=1.67, 95%CI 0.26;3.08). However, it was observe to remain living with family had a negative effect on QoL of the elderlies (ß=-3.33, 95%CI -5.06;-1.60). Conclusion: The results suggest that some changes in social relations had a positive effect on QoL. Physical activity reaffirmed its importance to a healthy aging, since to practice in some of the waves was better than staying inactive. It?s concluded that some changes in social relations and physical activity still allow the improvement of QoL of the elderly. The public policies need to consider the influences and the appreciation of these social relations and lifestyle at this age group

Utilização dos sistemas de informação na atenção primária à saúde: um estudo de caso

TCC (graduação em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Enfermage

Is the combination of depression symptoms and multimorbidity associated with the increase of the prevalence of functional disabilities in Brazilian older adults? A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Functional disabilities are more prevalent in older adults with multimorbidity and depression. However, few studies have investigated the combination of multimorbidity and depression with functional disability. This study aims to verify whether symptoms of depression and multimorbidity combined increase the prevalence of functional disability in Brazilian older adults. / Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) baseline examination in 2015-2016 in adults aged 50 years and older. The variables included were basic (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), depressive symptoms, multimorbidity (≥2 chronic diseases), sociodemographic variables, and lifestyle. Logistic regression was performed to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios. / Results: A total of 7,842 participants over 50 years of age were included. Of these, 53.5% were women and 50.5% were between 50 and 59 years old, 33.5% reported ≥4 depressive symptoms, 51.4% had multimorbidity, 13.5% reported difficulty in performing at least one BADL, and 45.1% reported difficulty in performing the IADL. In the adjusted analysis, the prevalence of difficulty on BADL was 6.52 (95% CI: 5.14; 8.27) and on IADL was 2.34 (95% CI: 2.15; 2.55), higher for those with depression and multimorbidity combined when compared with those without these conditions. / Conclusion: The combination of symptoms of depression and multimorbidity may increase functional impairments in the BADL and IADL of Brazilian older adults, impairing self-efficacy, independence, and autonomy. Early detection of these factors benefits the person, their family, and the healthcare system for health promotion and disease prevention

Sarcopenia, Bone Mineral Density, and Vitamin D: Epifloripa Aging Study 2013/2014

OBJECTIVE: To verify associations between osteopenia/osteoporosis and vitamin D and sarcopenia in the older adult population of Florianópolis, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study, with 604 older adults (60 years and over). The appendicular muscle mass index (AMMI) was used to identify sarcopenia, with cutoffs of AMMI (Kg/m2) < 7.26 kg/m2 for men and < 5.50 kg/m2 for women indicating inadequate values (sarcopenia). The independent variable osteopenia/osteoporosis was measured using bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2): T-Scores for whole body BMD, lumbar spine BMD, and femoral neck BMD, categorized as normal (BMD ≥ -1 SD) or osteopenia/osteoporosis (BMD < -1 SD from the mean of the young adult reference population). Fasting serum samples were collected and assayed using the microparticle chemiluminescence (CMIA)/Liaison method. Vitamin D concentrations of < 30 ng/mL were defined as hypovitaminosis. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Osteopenia/osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and femoral neck were associated with higher odds of sarcopenia in women and men. Osteopenia/osteoporosis in the whole body was associated with sarcopenia in women only. Vitamin D was not associated with sarcopenia in either sex. CONCLUSIONS: Having osteopenia/osteoporosis was associated with sarcopenia in this older adult population

Exploring the landscape of essential health data science skills and research challenges: a survey of stakeholders in Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean

BackgroundData science approaches have been pivotal in addressing public health challenges. However, there has been limited focus on identifying essential data science skills for health researchers, gaps in capacity building provision, barriers to access, and potential solutions.ObjectivesThis review aims to identify essential data science skills for health researchers and key stakeholders in Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as well as to explore gaps and barriers in data science capacity building and share potential solutions, including any regional variations.MethodsAn online survey was conducted in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese, gathering both quantitative and qualitative responses. Descriptive analysis was performed in R V4.3, and a thematic workshop approach facilitated qualitative analysis.FindingsFrom 262 responses from individuals across 54 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), representing various institutions and roles, we summarised essential data science skills globally and by region. Thematic analysis revealed key gaps and barriers in capacity building, including limited training resources, lack of mentoring, challenges with data quality, infrastructure and privacy issues, and the absence of a conducive research environment.Conclusion and future directionsRespondents’ consensus on essential data science skills suggests the need for a standardised framework for capacity building, adaptable to regional contexts. Greater investment, coupled with expanded collaboration and networking, would help address gaps and barriers, fostering a robust data science ecosystem and advancing insights into global health challenges

EpiFloripa Aging cohort study: methods, operational aspects, and follow-up strategies

OBJETIVO: Descrever o plano amostral, aspectos operacionais e estratégias utilizadas no Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 e 2013/2014. MÉTODOS: O EpiFloripa Idoso é um estudo de base populacional com 1.705 idosos (60 anos ou mais) residentes no município de Florianópolis, SC, em 2009/2010 (linha de base). A investigação foi realizada por meio de entrevista face a face, organizada nos blocos de identificação, geral (características socioeconômicas), saúde mental, saúde e hábitos de vida, funcionalidade global, quedas, atividade física, morbidades, uso de serviços de saúde, uso de medicamentos, alimentação, saúde bucal e violência, avaliados na primeira (2009/2010) e na segunda onda (2013/2014). Adicionalmente, na segunda onda, investigou-se a temática de discriminação e qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS: A taxa de resposta na primeira onda foi de 89,2% (n = 1.705). A amostra da linha de base, com predomínio de mulheres (63,9%), foi semelhante ao Censo 2010 em relação à idade nas mulheres e ligeiramente diferente nos homens mais jovens. Na segunda onda, 1.197 participantes foram entrevistados (taxa de resposta de 70,3%). Houve perda de seguimento somente para a variável faixa etária (p=0,003), principalmente naqueles com 80 anos ou mais. Utilizou-se como estratégias de seguimento o relacionamento de dados e a busca ativa. CONCLUSÕES: O presente estudo utilizou estratégias que conseguiram auxiliar na localização dos participantes e manutenção da aderência, o que garantiu boa taxa de resposta durante as investigações.OBJECTIVE: To describe the sample plan, operational aspects, and strategies used in the 2009/2010 and 2013/2014 EpiFloripa Aging Study. METHODS: The EpiFloripa Aging is a population-based longitudinal study with 1,705 older adults (60 years or more) living in the municipality of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2009/2010 (baseline). The research was conducted with a face-to-face interviews, organized into blocks of identification, socioeconomic, mental health, health and life habits, global functionality, falls, physical activity, morbidities, use of health services, use of medications, food, oral health, and violence, evaluated in the first (2009/2010) and in the second wave (2013/2014). Additionally, in the second wave, we investigated the issue of discrimination and quality of life. RESULTS: The response rate of the first wave was 89.2% (n = 1,705). The baseline sample, with predominance of women (63.9%), was similar to the 2010 Census regarding age for women and slightly different for younger men. In the second wave, 1,197 participants were interviewed (response rate of 70.3%). Follow-up losses were only observed for the variable age group (p = 0.003), and predominantly for those aged 80 years or more. Mortality data linkage and active search for participants were used as a follow-up strategies. CONCLUSIONS: This study used strategies that were able to help locate the participants and maintain adherence, which ensured a good response rate during investigations