Approximations of the Generalized Log-Logistic Distribution to the Chi-Square Distribution

The main purpose of this article is to do approximations graphically and mathematically the four-parameter generalized log-logistic distribution, denoted by G4LL(α,β,m_1,m_2), to the one-parameter Chi-square distribution with υ degrees of freedom. In order to achieve this purpose, this article creates graphically the probability density functions of both distribution and derives mathematically the MGF of the both distributions. To prove the MGF of Chi-square as a special case of the MGF of G4LL distribution, we utilized an expansion of the MacLaurin series. The results show that graphically, the Chi-square distribution can be approximated by the generalized log-logistic distribution. Moreover, by letting α=1,β=-ln⁡(2m_2 ),m_1=v/2 and m_2→∞, the MGF of the G4LL distribution can be written in the form of the MGF of the Chi-square distribution. Thus, the Chi-square distribution is a limiting or special case distribution of the generalized log-logistic distribution.The main purpose of this article is to do approximations graphically and mathematically the four-parameter generalized log-logistic distribution, denoted by G4LL(α,β,m_1,m_2), to the one-parameter Chi-square distribution with υ degrees of freedom. In order to achieve this purpose, this article creates graphically the probability density functions of both distribution and derives mathematically the MGF of the both distributions. To prove the MGF of Chi-square as a special case of the MGF of G4LL distribution, we utilized an expansion of the MacLaurin series. The results show that graphically, the Chi-square distribution can be approximated by the generalized log-logistic distribution. Moreover, by letting α=1,β=-ln⁡(2m_2 ),m_1=v/2 and m_2→∞, the MGF of the G4LL distribution can be written in the form of the MGF of the Chi-square distribution. Thus, the Chi-square distribution is a limiting or special case distribution of the generalized log-logistic distribution

Maryam’s Sacrifice In The Outcast Novel By Okky Madasari (2014): An Individual Psychological Approach

This research paper aims at knowing the sacrificeof Maryam reflected in The Outcast novel by OkkyMadasari which is analyzed by using individual psychological. The objective of the research is to analyze the novel based on the structural elements of the novel and to analyze the novel based on individual psychological proposed by Alfred Adler. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative. Data of the research are taken from primary and secondary data. The primary data of the research is The Outcast novel. The secondary data of the research are taken from books, other source and website that related to the study. The technique of collecting data are reading novel, classifying the data, identifying the data that can be analyzed, taking note, and browsing to the internet. The method to analyze of this data is descriptive analysis. Based on structural elements of the novel, the Writer delivers a moral message that “Sacrifice for love, justice and faith as minority in society”. Based on the individual psychological analysis, the author illustrates a psychological phenomenon which an individual should make every effort to cope with the problem of life. The psychological phenomenon is shown by the sacrifice of Maryam to get her right and protect from government. Maryam uses her creativity to manage her mind. She also arranges her striving for superiority to provide her inferiority feeling to create fictional finalism. Keywords: Sacrifice, Individual Psychological Approach, The Outcast nove

Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Belajar Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar

This research aims to analyze the implementation of differentiated learning in meeting students' learning needs in elementary schools. The research method is descriptive qualitative with the research subjects, namely class II B students with a total of 29 students in Mathematics subjects on time material. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The data validity test was carried out by triangulating techniques and sources. Data analysis techniques by collecting data, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of differentiated learning in meeting student learning needs by implementing differentiated learning strategies of content, process, product and environment. The supporting factors for differentiated learning are the mapping of students and adequate facilities so that they can facilitate the interests, needs and learning styles of students. While the inhibiting factors require more intensive time and preparation for teachers, active class conditions so that it takes time to condition the class to be conducive, and different expectations between teachers and students in understanding the material can be one of the obstacles.

FACTORS AFFECTING EARLY COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING OF MOTHERS WITH BABIES AGED 0-6 MONTHS

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for babies from 0 to 6 months of age and continued until 2 years of age can promote healthy growth and development. According to the WHO, in 2020, if a child receives complementary foods before 6 months of age, their growth will be delayed, and the risk of diarrhea is 17 times higher and the risk of upper respiratory tract infection is 3 times higher. The problem of this study is that the rate of early complementary food distribution for babies aged 0–6 months is still high. This study aims to determine factors affecting early complementary feeding for babies from 0 to 6 months of age. Method: The design of this research is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out in July–September 2023 in Banaran Village, Kediri East Java, with a sample of 32 respondents consisting of mothers with babies aged 0–6 months who had been given early complementary feeding. Sampling is done by consecutive sampling. The variables in this study are factors that influence the provision of early complementary feeding for mothers with babies aged 0–6 months. Data was obtained through direct interviews with respondents using a questionnaire. Results: This study showed that the factors affecting early complementary feeding are socio-cultural factors with high category (81.3%), knowledge level factors with medium category (50%), personal factors with low category (87.6%) and promotional advertising for infant formula and baby food have medium category (71.9%). Conclusion: research results shows that the factors affecting early complementary feeding for babies from aged 0-6 months are socio-cultural factors, personal factors, and promotional advertising factors

Approximations of the Generalized Log-Logistic Distribution to the Chi-Square Distribution

The main purpose of this article is to do approximations graphically and mathematically the four-parameter generalized log-logistic distribution, denoted by G4LL(α,β,m_1,m_2), to the one-parameter Chi-square distribution with υ degrees of freedom. In order to achieve this purpose, this article creates graphically the probability density functions of both distribution and derives mathematically the MGF of the both distributions. To prove the MGF of Chi-square as a special case of the MGF of G4LL distribution, we utilized an expansion of the MacLaurin series. The results show that graphically, the Chi-square distribution can be approximated by the generalized log-logistic distribution. Moreover, by letting α=1,β=-ln⁡(2m_2 ),m_1=v/2 and m_2→∞, the MGF of the G4LL distribution can be written in the form of the MGF of the Chi-square distribution. Thus, the Chi-square distribution is a limiting or special case distribution of the generalized log-logistic distribution.The main purpose of this article is to do approximations graphically and mathematically the four-parameter generalized log-logistic distribution, denoted by G4LL(α,β,m_1,m_2), to the one-parameter Chi-square distribution with υ degrees of freedom. In order to achieve this purpose, this article creates graphically the probability density functions of both distribution and derives mathematically the MGF of the both distributions. To prove the MGF of Chi-square as a special case of the MGF of G4LL distribution, we utilized an expansion of the MacLaurin series. The results show that graphically, the Chi-square distribution can be approximated by the generalized log-logistic distribution. Moreover, by letting α=1,β=-ln⁡(2m_2 ),m_1=v/2 and m_2→∞, the MGF of the G4LL distribution can be written in the form of the MGF of the Chi-square distribution. Thus, the Chi-square distribution is a limiting or special case distribution of the generalized log-logistic distribution