Chinese Student Migrants to the US : 1985-2006

Description to be added</p

Effects of Ether Linkage on Membrane Dipole Potential and Cholesterol Flip-Flop Motion in Lipid Bilayer Membranes

In our previous work, we investigated the effect of ether linkage on the physical properties of lipid bilayers using all-atom (AA) simulations with different water models. However, the influence of ether linkage on the transportation of cholesterol in lipid bilayers is less well studied. In order to reduce computational costs in simulations at large time and length scales, we present coarse-grained (CG) simulations of diphytanyl phosphatidylcholine (ether-DPhPC) and diphytanoyl phosphatidylcholine (ester-DPhPC) bilayer membranes in this work. First, the CG and AA simulations consistently show that the substitution of ether linkage for ester linkage would prevent the penetration of water into the lipid bilayer membranes. Second, it is encouraging that the CG simulations can nicely capture the ether effect on membrane dipole potential, showing that the ether substitution for ester would significantly decrease the dipole potential. In particular, the CG results agree with the AA simulation results, revealing that the change in the dipole potential is accompanied with the alteration in the orientation of linkage group. Finally, we carried out 60 μs CG simulations of ether-DPhPC and ester-DPhPC bilayers at two cholesterol concentrations (10 and 40% mole fraction, respectively), showing that the ether substitution for ester would facilitate the cholesterol flip-flop motion in lipid bilayer membranes

Pair-wise comparisons of individual factors.

Pair-wise comparisons of individual factors.</p

Linguistic variables that present three propagation levels to the fuzzy numbers.

Linguistic variables that present three propagation levels to the fuzzy numbers.</p

Table_2_Effect of Digoxin Therapy on Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: An Updated Meta-Analysis.DOCX

Background: Whether digoxin is associated with increased mortality in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. We aimed to assess the risk of mortality and clinical effects of digoxin use in patients with AF.Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched to identify eligible studies comparing all-cause mortality of patients with AF taking digoxin with those not taking digoxin, and the length of follow-up was at least 6 months. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled.Results: A total of 29 studies with 621,478 patients were included. Digoxin use was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in all patients with AF (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.13–1.22, P Conclusion: We conclude that digoxin use is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, CV mortality, and SCD, and it does not reduce readmission for AF, regardless of concomitant HF. Digoxin may have a neutral effect on all-cause mortality in patients with AF with concomitant HF.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.ukPROSPERO.</p

Table_1_Effect of Digoxin Therapy on Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: An Updated Meta-Analysis.DOC

Background: Whether digoxin is associated with increased mortality in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. We aimed to assess the risk of mortality and clinical effects of digoxin use in patients with AF.Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched to identify eligible studies comparing all-cause mortality of patients with AF taking digoxin with those not taking digoxin, and the length of follow-up was at least 6 months. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled.Results: A total of 29 studies with 621,478 patients were included. Digoxin use was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in all patients with AF (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.13–1.22, P Conclusion: We conclude that digoxin use is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, CV mortality, and SCD, and it does not reduce readmission for AF, regardless of concomitant HF. Digoxin may have a neutral effect on all-cause mortality in patients with AF with concomitant HF.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.ukPROSPERO.</p

Low-Energy Ion Scattering Intensities from Supported Nanoparticles: The Spherical Cap Model

Supported nanoparticles are of great importance to many technologies like fuel processing and chemical synthesis using catalysts and electrocatalysts, energy storage and generation using fuel cells and batteries, electrochemistry, magnetic information storage, and more. Low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS) with noble gas ions like He+ is a powerful tool for the characterization of nanoparticles dispersed across flat support surfaces due to its ability to probe the elemental composition in the topmost atomic layer of a surface, providing quantitative information regarding the size and number density of nanoparticles. In this work, we present a derivation of the LEIS intensities expected from nanoparticles and the support material as a function of the average particle size, their number per unit area, and their contact angle with the support when modeled as spherical caps of the nanoparticle material dispersed over the surface of a flat support. The model assumes that the ion intensities are determined only by the physical blocking of linear ion trajectories and independent of the tilt angle of the local surface relative to the incident and scattered ion directions, an assumption we support by quantitative modeling of published data which tested tilt-angle effects. The model is a generalization to arbitrary contact angles of the hemispherical cap model, which assumes 90° contact angle and has been widely used to model spectroscopic signals in LEIS (and also in Auger and photoelectron spectroscopies) during nanoparticle growth. This new model quantitatively reveals how LEIS signals are sensitive not only to the diameter and number density of the nanoparticle but also to their contact angle (or height/diameter ratio). With the use of additional data (e.g., from microscopy or adsorption microcalorimetry), the model presented here will enable more accurate determination of the average size, shape, and number density of supported nanoparticles based on LEIS intensity measurements

Layout of the analysis nodes in case study [58].

(a) Layout of a large silo (T1) and gasifier (A1, A2, A3, A4). (b) Layout of pulverized coal giving tanks (G1, G2, G3, G4) and gasifiers (A1, A2, A3, A4).</p

System flow diagram of the proposed method.

System flow diagram of the proposed method.</p

Overview of the coal gasification process.

Overview of the coal gasification process.</p