Monopole Condensation and Polyakov Loop in Finite-Temperature Pure QCD

We study the relation between the abelian monopole condensation and the deconfinement phase transition of the finite-temperature pure QCD. The expectation value of the monopole contribution to the Polyakov loop becomes zero when a long monopole loop is distributed uniformly in the configuration of the confinement phase. On the other hand, it becomes non-zero when the long monopole loop disappears in the deconfinement phase. We also discuss the relation between the monopole behaviors and the usual interpretation of the spontaneous breaking of Z(N) symmetry in finite-temperature SU(N) QCD. It is found that the boundary condition of the space direction is important to understand the Z(N) symmetry in terms of the monopoles.Comment: 3 pages, latex, 8 figures, Talk presented at LATTICE96(topology

Improved Currents for Heavy Quarks

We discuss lattice artifacts for matrix elements of hadrons containing one or more heavy quark. In particular, we analyze interrelations between lattice artifacts and the $1/m_Q$ expansion. The implications for calculations of heavy-light decay constants and of semi-leptonic form factors are discussed.Comment: 3 pages, no figures, uuencoded PostScript, proceedings of Lattice '94. LaTeX at ftp://fnth06.fnal.gov/pub/Fermilab-Pub/95.00

Binding Energies in Nonrelativistic Field Theories

Relativistic corrections communicate the binding energy of a bound state to its kinetic mass. This mechanism is reviewed and used to explain anomalous results of Collins, Edwards, Heller, and Sloan (hep-lat/9512026), which compared rest and kinetic masses of heavy-light mesons and quarkonia.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, poster presented at LATTICE96(heavy quarks

Perturbative and Non-perturbative Corrections to B→D(∗)lνB\to D^{(*)}l\nu

It is shown that certain double ratios introduced for computing semileptonic form factors are accurate to order $1/m_Q^2$, even when the action and current are accurate to order $1/m_Q$.Comment: Lattice99(heavyquarks); 3 + epsilon pp. LaTe

Twenty-first Century Lattice Gauge Theory: Results from the QCD Lagrangian

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) reduces the strong interactions, in all their variety, to a simple nonabelian gauge theory. It clearly and elegantly explains hadrons at short distances, which has led to its universal acceptance. Since its advent, however, many of its long-distance, emergent properties have been believed to be true, without having been demonstrated to be true. This paper reviews a variety of results in this regime that have been established with lattice gauge theory, directly from the QCD Lagrangian. This body of work sheds light on the origin of hadron masses, its interplay with dynamical symmetry breaking, as well as on other intriguing features such as the phase structure of QCD. In addition, nonperturbative QCD is quantitatively important to many aspects of particle physics (especially the quark flavor sector), nuclear physics, and astrophysics. This review also surveys some of the most interesting connections to those subjects.Comment: invited review for Annual Reviews of Nuclear and Particle Science (2012); 21 pp., 4 tables, 6 figures. v2: Figures 2 and 5 updated; references added; many minor wording changes and clarifications; conforms closely to accepted versio

Dynamics of Langevin Simulation

This chapter [of a supplement to Prog. Theo. Phys.] reviews numerical simulations of quantum field theories based on stochastic quantization and the Langevin equation. The topics discussed include renormalization of finite step-size algorithms, Fourier acceleration, and the relation of the Langevin equation to hybrid stochastic algorithms and hybrid Monte Carlo.Comment: 20 p

Lattice QCD and the Unitarity Triangle

Theoretical and computational advances in lattice calculations are reviewed, with focus on examples relevant to the unitarity triangle of the CKM matrix. Recent progress in semi-leptonic form factors for B -> pi l nu and B -> D* l nu, as well as the parameter \xi in B-Bbar mixing, are highlighted.Comment: Invited talk at the 9th International Symposium on Heavy Flavor Physics, September 10-13, 2001, Caltech, Pasadena. 11 pages, 5 figure

Lattice QCD Calculations of Leptonic and Semileptonic Decays

In lattice QCD, obtaining properties of heavy-light mesons has been easier said than done. Focusing on the $B$ meson's decay constant, it is argued that towards the end of 1997 the last obstacles were removed, at least in the quenched approximation. These developments, which resulted from a fuller understanding and implementation of ideas in effective field theory, bode well for current studies of neutral meson mixing and of semileptonic decays.Comment: Invited talk at the Workshop on Heavy Quarks at Fixed Target, October 10-12, 1998, Fermi National Accelerator Laborator

Lattice Gauge Theory and the Origin of Mass

Most of the mass of everyday objects resides in atomic nuclei; the total of the electrons' mass adds up to less than one part in a thousand. The nuclei are composed of nucleons---protons and neutrons---whose nuclear binding energy, though tremendous on a human scale, is small compared to their rest energy. The nucleons are, in turn, composites of massless gluons and nearly massless quarks. It is the energy of these confined objects, via $M=E/c^2$, that is responsible for everyday mass. This article discusses the physics of this mechanism and the role of lattice gauge theory in establishing its connection to quantum chromodynamics.Comment: prepared for "100 Years of Subatomic Physics," edited by Ernest Henley and Stephen Ellis. Submitted version with typos corrected and refs added. 26 pp., 6 figure