Analisis Kesalahan dan Pemberian Scaffolding pada Anak Mandiri Ringan dalam Memahami Konsep Ikhtisar Nilai Uang Rupiah

Kesempatan ABK untuk belajar di sekolah inklusi tidak lepas dari munculnya permasalahan. Anak yang bersekolah di sekolah inklusi tidak memiliki atau tidak menumbuhkan jiwa kemandirian. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan scaffolding pada retardasi mental ringan. Untuk mencapai kemampuan mandiri terkait transaksi value for money, peneliti mengidentifikasi kemampuan awal, kesalahan dan menganalisis penyebab kesalahan serta merancang scaffolding yang tepat. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian kualitatif meliputi metode tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan proses triangulasi metode dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek mengalami kesalahan dalam memahami, menulis jawaban dan keterampilan mengolah dengan pemberian scaffolding yang berbeda-beda sesuai dengan jenis dan penyebab kesalahannya. Scaffolding yang berhasil membantu kesalahan Tunagrahita Ringan dalam mengenali nilai uang adalah scaffolding level 1 (Ketentuan Lingkungan) dan level 2 dengan jenis (Menjelaskan dan Penataan) dan scaffolding level 3 (Mengembangkan Pemikiran Konseptual

Reforming Mathematic Through The Concept Of Cooperative Learning By Using The Technique Think-Pair-Share Focusing On Cube And Cuboid To Improve The Study Result And Activity Of Students From Banyubiru 1 State Middle School Class Of Viiie In Semarang District On Their Second Semester Year Of 2010/2011

Determining the use of mathematical model is very influential on students’ study outcomes and activity. In deciding the mathematical model, teacher should consider students’ characteristic, the material, and also the students’ habits. So far, mathematics teacher of class VIII E SMP Negeri I Banyubiru Kabupaten Semarang tend to use the method of lecture and mechanistic structural because he feel that this is the easiest method for the students to digest. Furthermore, the teacher only uses props on materials that are considered hard. This style of teaching from the teacher has an impact on students. Students tend to be passive when lecture is in process resulting in less student activity and also minimum result on their study. This is proven by their average mark which is 60.51 and the limit to pass is 38.7%. Because of this, reforming mathematic through the concept of cooperative learning by using the technique think-pair-share is needed. This research of type“Penelitian Tindakan Kelas” (PTK) with 3 trialwhereas in trial 1, the average increases to 89,9 and the limit to pass is 96,77% and the student activity is 28,35%; for the second trial, the results are the average of 92,55 with the limit to pass 100% and the student activity is 41,38%; and for the last trial the results are the average of 96,29 with the limit to pass 100% and the student activity is 52,12%. Key Words: classroom action research, Cooperative Learning Tipe Think-Pair-Share, space cube and cuboid

The Learning Outcome Improvement of Quadratic Function with NHT-Type Cooperative Learning Assisted by Geogebra and Flipbook

This Collaborative Classroom Action Research (PTKK) aims to improve learning outcomes of quadratic functions through the NHT (Number Head Together) cooperative learning model assisted by geogebra and flipbooks for class X-5 students of SMA N 3 Salatiga. The subjects of this study were students of class X-5 with a total of 34 students consisting of 11 male students and 23 female students. PTKK consists of two cycles, namely Cycle I and Cycle II, each consisting of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques in this study used student learning outcomes tests and observations during the learning process in cycles I and II. The research instrument used was a description test consisting of 3 questions for each cycle and learning observations, which consisted of the learning process and students' responses to learning. The data analysis techniques used consisted of two types, namely descriptive qualitative methods and descriptive statistics. The study's results showed that using the NHT learning model with the help of GeoGebra and flipbooks can improve student learning outcomes. This is indicated by the percentage of classical completeness, which also increased from the pre-cycle of 67.65%. In the first cycle, it increased to 73.53%; in the second, it increased to 91.18%. This shows that the use of media can make a big contribution to the world of education

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MENGUNAKAN APLIKASI CONSTRUCT 2 PADA MATERI ALJABAR KELAS VII

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan tujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran game edukasi berbasis platform game untuk siswa kelas VII SMP. Penelitan ini menggunakan desain penelitian Borg Gall yang terdiri dari sepuluh langkah. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari observasi, kuesioner dan tes. Hasil dari penelitian pengembangan ini adalah aplikasi game platform dengan materi aljabar. Dampak dari media pembelajaran game edukasi platform game  adalah media pembelajaran berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini berdasarkan pada uji Mann-Whitney dengan nilai signifikan 0,0000,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan rerata sebelum dan sesudah pemberian media pembelajaran game edukasi berbasis platform game atau terdapat pengaruh game edukasi platform game pada materi aljabar terhadap hasil belajar siswa.  Selain itu, nilai N-Gain yang diperoleh adalah 0,49 yang berarti terjadi peningkatan sedang terhadap hasil belajar siswa

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Probing Prompting Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ditinjau Dari Self-Efficacy

This experimental research aims to find out whether or not: 1) the probing-prompting learning model affects learning achievement, 2) the self-efficafy affects learning achievement, and 3) the model affects the interaction between the learning model and student’s self-efficacy on learning outcomes. The population in this study were all third grade students of Christian Elementary School Eben Haezer Salatiga as many as 72 students. The sampling technique used Cluster Random Sampling and obtained by grade IIIA students as experimental class used probing-prompting learning model and class IIIC as control class using conventional learning model, with each consists of 24 students. Both models are used in science learning on natural resource materials. The instuments used were the test of science learning achievement and questionnaire about student self-efficacy. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential analysis consisting of normality test, homogenity test with Levene's, early equilibrium test with independent sample t test, and hypothesis test with Anava. The whole test was performed with SPSS calculation tool at 0.05 significance level. The results of the hypothesis testing concluded: 1) there was no effect of probing prompting learning model on students' learning achievements; 2) there was an effect of self-efficacy to the learning achievements; the result of student learning with high self-efficacy category is better (higher) than the moderate and low self-efficacy, and student’s learning result with moderate self-efficacy category was better than the ones with low self-efficacy; 3) There was no effect on interaction between the learning model and self-efficacy on student science learning outcomes.This experimental research aims to find out whether or not: 1) the probing-prompting learning model affects learning achievement, 2) the self-efficafy affects learning achievement, and 3) the model affects the interaction between the learning model and student’s self-efficacy on learning outcomes. The population in this study were all third grade students of Christian Elementary School Eben Haezer Salatiga as many as 72 students. The sampling technique used Cluster Random Sampling and obtained by grade IIIA students as experimental class used probing-prompting learning model and class IIIC as control class using conventional learning model, with each consists of 24 students. Both models are used in science learning on natural resource materials. The instuments used were the test of science learning achievement and questionnaire about student self-efficacy. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential analysis consisting of normality test, homogenity test with Levene's, early equilibrium test with independent sample t test, and hypothesis test with Anava. The whole test was performed with SPSS calculation tool at 0.05 significance level. The results of the hypothesis testing concluded: 1) there was no effect of probing prompting learning model on students' learning achievements; 2) there was an effect of self-efficacy to the learning achievements; the result of student learning with high self-efficacy category is better (higher) than the moderate and low self-efficacy, and student’s learning result with moderate self-efficacy category was better than the ones with low self-efficacy; 3) There was no effect on interaction between the learning model and self-efficacy on student science learning outcomes

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH BERDASARKAN TEORI KRULIK DAN RUTNICK DALAM MENGERJAKAN SOAL OLIMPIADE OLEH SISWA SMP

Abstrak: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dalam mengerjakan soal olimpiade SMP bagi siswa kelas IX SMP N 8 Salatiga. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 4 siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil tes dan wawancara diketahui semua subjek tidak memenuhi kelima tahap Krulik & Rudnick pada soal nomor 1. Pada langkah awal tahap membaca dan berfikir (read and think) subjek  telah melakukan kesalahan dalam memahami soal/masalah. Sedangkan untuk soal nomor 2 hanya 1 subjek yang tidak mampu melewati tahap kelima pada tahap teori Krulik dan Rudnick yaitu refleksi dan pengembangan (reflect and extend). Abstract:  This is a qualitative descriptive research. The purpose of this research is to know the ability of mathematics problem solving in doing Junior High Olympics for students of grade IX SMP N 8 Salatiga. The research subjects consist of 4 students selected by purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of tests and interviews are known that all subjects did not meet the five stages of Krulik & Rudnick in question number 1. In the first step of reading and thinking phase, the subject has made a mistake in understanding the problem. Meanwhile, in question number 2 only 1 subject who is not able to pass the fifth stage at the stage of Krulik and Rudnick theory, that is reflect and extend

Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Reflektif Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Persegi Bagi SiswaKelas VIII SMP Kristen 02 Salatiga Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018

Abstrak: Berpikir reflektif merupakan kegiatan yang  membuat siswa berusaha menghubungkan pengetahuan yang diperolehnya untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan baru yang berkaitan dengan pengetahuan lamanya. Berpikir reflektif meliputi tiga fase/ tingkat yaitu reacting (berpikir reflektif untuk aksi),  comparing (berpikir reflektif untuk evaluasi) dan contemplating (berpikir reflektif untuk inkuiri kritis). Untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa, maka dilakukan penelitian dengan jenis deskriptif  kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 3 siswi kelas VIII SMP Kristen 02 Salatiga yang dipilih secara purposive sampling pada materi bangun datar segi empat dengan kemampuan awal yang berbeda. Dari hasil analisis, siswa berkemampuan awal tinggi dapat dikatakan reflektif, kemampuan awal sedang  dikatakan cukup reflektif, dan kemampuan awal rendah dikatakan kurang reflektif.Abstract: Reflective thinking is an activity that keeps students trying to connect their acquired knowledge to solve new problems related to their old knowledge. Reflective thinking involves three phases / levels of reacting (thinking reflectively for action), comparing (reflective thinking for evaluation) and contemplating (reflective thinking for critical inquiry). To know the level of reflective thinking ability of students, then conducted research with descriptive qualitative type. The subjects of this study were 3 VIII grade students of SMP Kristen 02 Salatiga who were chosen by purposive sampling on the rectangular building material with different initial capability. From the results of the analysis, high initial students can be said to be reflective, the initial ability is said to be quite reflective, and low initial ability is said to be less reflective

LAPISAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL TIMSS BAGI SISWA SMP KELAS VIII

This qualitative descriptive paper aims to describe layers of conceptual understanding in mathematic for completing TIMSS questions designed for 8th grader students in SMP Negeri 02 Banyubiru Kabupaten Semarang. The understanding level includes 8 points which are Primitive Knowing (Pk), Image Making (Im), Image Having (Ih), Property Noticing (Pn), Formalising (F), Observing (O), Structuring (S), and Inventising (Iv). Five 8th grader students in SMP Negeri 02 Banyubiru consisted as the sample and it was chosen by purposive sampling. The data for the study were collected through task and interview. The writer utilized data reduction, data presentation and conclusion electing to analyze the data. Result showed that: 1) for solving TIMSS questions about natures of geometry regarding angle and geometric shapes, 80% of the participants use F layer,  whereas the other 20% use Ih layer. 2) for solving TIMSS questions about equivalence and congruence, 60% of the participants use Iv layer, and the other 40% use O layer. 3) for solving TIMSS questions about relation between two-dimensional and three dimensional figures, 80% of the participants use Iv layers, and the other 20% use Pn layers. 4) For solving TIMSS questions utilizing the appropriate measurement formula to find the length of sides, circumference, area, surface area, and volume, 100% of the participants use Iv layer.Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan lapisan pemahaman konsep matematika dalam menyelesaikan soal TIMSS bagi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 02 Banyubiru Kabupaten Semarang. Lapisan pemahaman meliputi 8 lapisan, yaitu Primitive Knowing (Pk), Image Making (Im), Image Having (Ih), Property Noticing (Pn), Formalising (F), Observing (O), Structuring (S), dan Inventising (Iv). Subjek dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling dan diperoleh 5 siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 02 Banyubiru. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode tes dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh 1) untuk menyelesaikan soal TIMSS dengan topik sifat-sifat geometris dari sudut dan bentuk geometri, 80% subjek menggunakan lapisan F, serta 20% subjek lainnya menggunakan lapisan Ih; 2) untuk menyelesaikan soal TIMSS dengan topik kongkruen dan kesebangunan, 60% subjek menggunakan lapisan Iv, 40% subjek lainnya menggunakan lapisan O; 3) untuk menyelesaikan soal TIMSS dengan topik hubungan antara bentuk tiga dimensi dan dua dimensi, 80% subjek menggunakan lapisan Iv, 20% subjek lainnya menggunakan lapisan Pn; 4) untuk menyelesaikan soal TIMSS dengan topik menggunakan rumus pengukuran yang sesuai untuk mencari panjang sisi, keliling, luas, luas permukaan, dan volume, 100% subjek menggunakan lapisan Iv