Comparison of RNA quantity, purity and quality from the different collection techniques.

<p>Comparison of RNA quantity, purity and quality from the different collection techniques.</p

Flowchart of study design to identify collection techniques that enable quantitative measures of taste gene expression.

Samples were collected from 8 volunteers using the six different methods, the RNA was extracted and analysed with the NanoDrop ND-1000 Spectrophotometer (for quantity and purity) and Bio-analyser (analysis of RNA integrity). Real-time quantitative PCR was completed on taste tissue markers and taste genes, allowing for the identification of methods enabling quantitative measures of taste gene expression.</p

Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of taste markers and receptors using the different collection techniques^a.

<p>Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of taste markers and receptors using the different collection techniques<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152157#t003fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Comparison of collection techniques (advantages and disadvantages) for the analysis of quantitative taste gene expression.

Comparison of collection techniques (advantages and disadvantages) for the analysis of quantitative taste gene expression.</p

Taste genes analysed by quantitative real-time PCR (Taqman assay).

<p>Taste genes analysed by quantitative real-time PCR (Taqman assay).</p

Representative Lightcycler 480 amplification profiles of taste genes using the different collection techniques.

<p>Pap—Papillae biopsy (red), Che—Cheek saliva (Green), Ton—Tongue saliva (orange), Ora—Oragene kit (blue), Iso—Isohelix brush (black), Cyto—Livibrush cytobrush (purple), NTC—no template control (grey).</p

Replication results of prior genome-wide significant HV SNPs for Sydney MAS and OATS by cohort and meta-analysis.

<p><b><i>Notes</i></b>. MDS = multi-dimensional components; ICV = intracranial volume; Sydney MAS = Sydney Memory & Ageing Study, OATS = Older Australian Twins Study;</p><p>* <i>p</i>-value≤.05</p><p>Replication results of prior genome-wide significant HV SNPs for Sydney MAS and OATS by cohort and meta-analysis.</p

HV Association results examining the top 10 ranked genetic polymorphisms for late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease in the CHARGE discovery meta-analysis, Sydney MAS, OATS and meta-analyses of MAS/OATS.

<p><b>Notes</b>. Alzgene results from <a href="http://alzgene.org" target="_blank">http://alzgene.org</a>, accessed 10/12/12;</p><p>^aFrom [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0116920#pone.0116920.ref010" target="_blank">10</a>];</p><p>^b covariates: age & sex;</p><p>^c<i>APOE ε4</i> carriers vs non-carriers;</p><p>Sydney MAS = Sydney Memory & Ageing Study; OATS = Older Australian Twins Study; n.a.: Not applicable due to poor imputation quality for this SNP; NA: not available;</p><p>* <i>p</i>≤.05;</p><p>** <i>p</i>≤.001</p><p>HV Association results examining the top 10 ranked genetic polymorphisms for late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease in the CHARGE discovery meta-analysis, Sydney MAS, OATS and meta-analyses of MAS/OATS.</p

Descriptive statistics for Sydney MAS and OATS participants with hippocampal volume and genotyping data available.

<p><b>Notes</b>. MAS = Sydney Memory & Ageing Study; OATS = Older Australian Twins Study; HV = hippocampal volume;</p><p>^aData presented for those with both HV & genetic data;</p><p>^bData presented for those with Wave 1 & 2 HV & genetic data;</p><p>^c(Wave 2 -Wave1/Wave 1) *100;</p><p>NA = not available</p><p>Descriptive statistics for Sydney MAS and OATS participants with hippocampal volume and genotyping data available.</p

HV association of genetic variants previously identified as having relevance to HV (Stein et al. 2012) in ENIGMA, Sydney MAS, OATS and a meta-analysis of MAS/OATS.

<p><b>Notes</b>. In the ENIGMA analyses, a proxy (in high LD) was used if the named SNP was not available;</p><p>^a From [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0116920#pone.0116920.ref001" target="_blank">1</a>];</p><p>^<b>b</b> ENIGMA covariates: age, sex, age², age × sex interaction, age² × sex interaction, 4 multi-dimensional components (MDS), dummy variables for different scanners, ICV (intracranial volume);</p><p>Sydney MAS = Sydney Memory & Ageing Study; OATS = Older Australian Twins Study; n.a.: Not applicable due to poor imputation quality for this SNP; NA: not available;</p><p>* <i>p</i>≤.05</p><p>HV association of genetic variants previously identified as having relevance to HV (Stein et al. 2012) in ENIGMA, Sydney MAS, OATS and a meta-analysis of MAS/OATS.</p