Das Lichtpulsersystem des elektromagnetischen CsI(Tl)-Kalorimeters des Babar-Detektors

A light pulser system for the Babar CsI(Tl) calorimeter, capable of monitoring the light yield of the 6580 crystals and of checking the function and linearity of the readout electronics, was developed in a collaboration with groups from Bochum and Edinburgh. The light pulser system is based on the coupling of light from Xenon flashlamps through optical fibers into the individual crystals. The absolute intensity is measured by two special reference systems whose stability is monitored using a radioactive source. During the construction phase the light pulser was used to check the electronics in order to ensure its functioning before the insertion of the calorimeter into the detector where the preamplifier electronics is inaccessable for repair. In monitoring the short term performance of the light pulser system, the stability over one week is better than 0.15 %. Over six months between February and August 2000 the crystal response, as measured by the light pulser, of the three rings of the endcap that are closest to the beam dropped by up to 2 % in comparison with the three outer rings of the endcap, due to radiation damage. Through linearity measurements with the light pulser a flaw in the ADC boards of the calorimeter electronics, which will be fixed in the near future, and cross-talk between channels was found. By a software correction of these effects implemented by members of the collaboration an improvement of the energy resolution of the calorimeter was achieved.Fuer das CsI(Tl)-Kalorimeter des Babar-Detektors wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit Gruppen aus Bochum und Edinburgh ein Lichtpulsersystem entwickelt, das in der Lage ist, die Lichtausbeute der 6580 Kristalle zu monitorieren und die Funktionsfaehigkeit und Linearitaet der Kalorimeterelektronik zu ueberpruefen. Das Lichtpulsersystem basiert auf der Einkopplung des Lichts von Xenon-Blitzlampen ueber Lichtleitfasern in einzelne Kristalle. Die absolute Lichtmenge wird durch zwei spezielle Lichtnormale gemessen, deren Stabilitaet durch eine radioaktive Quelle monitoriert wird. In der Aufbauphase kam der Lichtpulser fuer die Ueberpruefung der Elektronik zum Einsatz, um deren Funktionsfaehigkeit sicherzustellen, bevor das Kalorimeter in den Detektor eingebaut wurde, weil danach die Vorverstaerkerelektronik fuer Reparaturen nicht mehr zugaenglich war. In der Monitorierung ist die Kurzzeitstabilitaet des Lichtpulsersystems ueber eine Woche besser als 0,15 %. Ueber sechs Monate zwischen Februar und August 2000 sank, bedingt durch Strahlenschaeden, die mit dem Lichtpulser gemessene Antwort der Kristalle fuer die strahlnaechsten drei Ringe der Endkappe um bis zu 2 % staerker als in den aeusseren drei Ringen der Endkappe. Durch die Linearitaetsmessungen mit dem Lichtpulser konnte ein Fehler in der Kalorimeterelektronik im Bereich der ADC-Karten, der in naher Zukunft behoben werden wird, sowie ein Uebersprechen zwischen den Kanaelen gefunden werden. Durch Softwarekorrekturen dieser Effekte von seiten der Kollaboration konnte eine Verbesserung der Energieaufloesung des Kalorimeters erreicht werden

Evidence for the η_b(1S) Meson in Radiative Υ(2S) Decay

We have performed a search for the η_b(1S) meson in the radiative decay of the Υ(2S) resonance using a sample of 91.6 × 10^6 Υ(2S) events recorded with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B factory at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. We observe a peak in the photon energy spectrum at E_γ = 609.3^(+4.6)_(-4.5)(stat)±1.9(syst) MeV, corresponding to an η_b(1S) mass of 9394.2^(+4.8)_(-4.9)(stat) ± 2.0(syst) MeV/c^2. The branching fraction for the decay Υ(2S) → γη_b(1S) is determined to be [3.9 ± 1.1(stat)^(+1.1)_(-0.9)(syst)] × 10^(-4). We find the ratio of branching fractions B[Υ(2S) → γη_b(1S)]/B[Υ(3S) → γη_b(1S)]= 0.82 ± 0.24(stat)^(+0.20)_(-0.19)(syst)

Hunt for new phenomena using large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum with ATLAS in 4.7 fb−1 of s√=7TeV proton-proton collisions

Results are presented of a search for new particles decaying to large numbers of jets in association with missing transverse momentum, using 4.7 fb−1 of pp collision data at s√=7TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. The event selection requires missing transverse momentum, no isolated electrons or muons, and from ≥6 to ≥9 jets. No evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of a MSUGRA/CMSSM supersymmetric model, where, for large universal scalar mass m 0, gluino masses smaller than 840 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level, extending previously published limits. Within a simplified model containing only a gluino octet and a neutralino, gluino masses smaller than 870 GeV are similarly excluded for neutralino masses below 100 GeV

Measurement of the flavour composition of dijet events in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper describes a measurement of the flavour composition of dijet events produced in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses the full 2010 data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 39 pb−1. Six possible combinations of light, charm and bottom jets are identified in the dijet events, where the jet flavour is defined by the presence of bottom, charm or solely light flavour hadrons in the jet. Kinematic variables, based on the properties of displaced decay vertices and optimised for jet flavour identification, are used in a multidimensional template fit to measure the fractions of these dijet flavour states as functions of the leading jet transverse momentum in the range 40 GeV to 500 GeV and jet rapidity |y|<2.1. The fit results agree with the predictions of leading- and next-to-leading-order calculations, with the exception of the dijet fraction composed of bottom and light flavour jets, which is underestimated by all models at large transverse jet momenta. The ability to identify jets containing two b-hadrons, originating from e.g. gluon splitting, is demonstrated. The difference between bottom jet production rates in leading and subleading jets is consistent with the next-to-leading-order predictions

Search for squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS detector in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum using √s=8 TeV proton-proton collision data

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing high-p T jets, missing transverse momentum and no electrons or muons is presented. The data were recorded in 2012 by the ATLAS experiment in s√=8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1. Results are interpreted in a variety of simplified and specific supersymmetry-breaking models assuming that R-parity is conserved and that the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle. An exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the gluino is set at 1330 GeV for a simplified model incorporating only a gluino and the lightest neutralino. For a simplified model involving the strong production of first- and second-generation squarks, squark masses below 850 GeV (440 GeV) are excluded for a massless lightest neutralino, assuming mass degenerate (single light-flavour) squarks. In mSUGRA/CMSSM models with tan β = 30, A 0 = −2m 0 and μ > 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1700 GeV. Additional limits are set for non-universal Higgs mass models with gaugino mediation and for simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos, each decaying to a top squark and a top quark, with the top squark decaying to a charm quark and a neutralino. These limits extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous searches with the ATLAS detector

Search for R-parity-violating supersymmetry in events with four or more leptons in sqrt(s) =7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for new phenomena in final states with four or more leptons (electrons or muons) is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of $\sqrt{s}=7\;\mathrm{TeV}$ proton-proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in two signal regions: one that requires moderate values of missing transverse momentum and another that requires large effective mass. The results are interpreted in a simplified model of R-parity-violating supersymmetry in which a 95% CL exclusion region is set for charged wino masses up to 540 GeV. In an R-parity-violating MSUGRA/CMSSM model, values of m 1/2 up to 820 GeV are excluded for 10 < tan β < 40

Search for high-mass resonances decaying to dilepton final states in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used to search for high-mass resonances decaying to an electron-positron pair or a muon-antimuon pair. The search is sensitive to heavy neutral Z′ gauge bosons, Randall-Sundrum gravitons, Z * bosons, techni-mesons, Kaluza-Klein Z/γ bosons, and bosons predicted by Torsion models. Results are presented based on an analysis of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb−1 in the e + e − channel and 5.0 fb−1 in the μ + μ −channel. A Z ′ boson with Standard Model-like couplings is excluded at 95 % confidence level for masses below 2.22 TeV. A Randall-Sundrum graviton with coupling k/MPl=0.1 is excluded at 95 % confidence level for masses below 2.16 TeV. Limits on the other models are also presented, including Technicolor and Minimal Z′ Models

Reducing heterotic M-theory to five dimensional supergravity on a manifold with boundary

This paper constructs the reduction of heterotic $M$-theory in eleven dimensions to a supergravity model on a manifold with boundary in five dimensions using a Calabi-Yau three-fold. New results are presented for the boundary terms in the action and for the boundary conditions on the bulk fields. Some general features of dualisation on a manifold with boundary are used to explain the origin of some topological terms in the action. The effect of gaugino condensation on the fermion boundary conditions leads to a `twist' in the chirality of the gravitino which can provide an uplifting mechanism in the vacuum energy to cancel the cosmological constant after moduli stabilisation.Comment: 16 pages, RevTe