Comparison of Perceived Stress, Work-Family Conflict and Job Burnout in Nurses and Teachers in Bandar Abbas

Introduction: Due to the great importance of health and various aspects of the duties and responsibilities of individuals in the nursing and teaching professions that can potentially be stressful for them. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare perceived stress, work-family conflict and job burnout in teachers and nurses in Bandar Abbas.&#x0D; Methods: The present study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population of the present study was all nurses and teachers in Bandar Abbas in the first half of 1398 in which 70 nurses and 70 teachers were selected by simple random sampling. Cohen et al.'s (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Carlson et al.'s Family Conflict Questionnaire (2000) and Maslash Burnout Questionnaire (1981) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).&#x0D; Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups of nurses and teachers in the variables of perceived stress (F = 9.85 and P &lt;0.01), work-family conflict (F = 14.77 and P &lt;0.01) and burnout. There was a job (F = 24.22 and P &lt;0.01). The results also indicate that the mean scores of the nurses in the variables of perceived stress, work-family conflict and burnout are higher than the teachers.&#x0D; Conclusion: In general, the rotational and variable nursing system caused that they face more problems in family functioning and work stress than teachers; Also, job burnout among nurses was higher than teachers due to lack of job security and bright future.&#x0D;  </jats:p

Assessment of Health Budget during the First to Fifth Socioeconomic Developmental Programs in Iran

Health is the most important and expensive components of the socioeconomic development in social development of any country. In each country, the economic resources are annually allocated to various sections of the industry, agriculture, health, and etc. The health budget is due to the views and priorities of the policy makers and planners in any country. This study evaluated the health budget trend and allocation of the total budget to it during the first to fourth socioeconomic developmental programs. This study focused on the analysis of the health policies. The collected data were based on the books “Law of the country budget" in four socioeconomic developmental programs. The allocated percentage to health and the growth trend of total and health budgets were calculated during the fifth developmental programs. All three budgets in the total and health areas have increased in five programs except in the last year of the fourth program. The allocated budget to the health from total budget in industry, agriculture, and etc. was decreased from 5.99 % in the first program to 0.81 % in the fourth socioeconomic developmental program but it increased in the fifth program. Despite the growth in health budget from the first to the fourth program, the allocated budget to health was constantly decreasing compared to the other sections such as industry and so on. Therefore, policy makers and planners should pay more attention to allocation of resources to health.</jats:p

Factors influencing the availability of anesthesiologists: a scoping review

Abstract Introduction Access to safe surgery and anesthesia remains a pressing global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study examines the factors influencing the worldwide availability of anesthesiologists, a critical determinant of effective surgical care. Methods We performed a scoping review based on the five-stage Arksey and O’Malley framework. Relevant studies were identified through systematic searches of scientific and grey literature databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as anesthesia-specific websites and journals. The review encompassed publications from May 2015 to November 2023. A multidisciplinary team conducted data extraction and thematic coding using the STEEP(Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political) model, resolving discrepancies through consensus. Results Of the 925 screened articles, 63 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis identified 68 distinct factors organized into five STEEP areas. The most frequently cited issues in each category are as follows: (1) Political Factors: These emerged as the most frequently cited, with national and international institutional support for workforce planning identified as a cornerstone issue. (2) Social Factors: Key challenges included limited opportunities for professional development and skills evaluation, compounded by poor work-life balance. (3) Economic Factors: Financial disincentives and excessive workloads stood out as the primary barriers to anesthesiologist availability. (4) Technological Factors: Restricted access to medical training opportunities posed a significant obstacle. (5) Environmental Factors: Though less prominent, these were recognized for their potential to enhance geographical equity and resource access in anesthesia education and service delivery. High-income countries focused on optimizing performance, improving workplace quality, and strengthening retention strategies, while LMICs contended with structural challenges such as resource shortages, workforce migration, and inadequate infrastructure. Across all countries, social issues such as job burnout and work-life imbalance, alongside economic challenges like financial incentives and workload were recurring themes. Conclusions These findings illuminate the complex, multifaceted nature of factors affecting anesthesiologist availability. They underscore the necessity for comprehensive strategies that promote collaboration at local, national, and global levels. Addressing the political, economic, social, technological, and environmental dimensions is imperative to ensure safe and effective anesthesia care worldwide

Job burnout among nurses in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Job burnout is a major problem among nurses. The three dimensions of job burnout include emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and low personal accomplishment (PA). Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the mean of job burnout among nurses in hospitals affiliated to Medical Sciences Universities in Iran. Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. An online search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database, Medlib, Iranmedex, Magiran, Civilica, Noormags, and Irandoc databases. The search keywords were burnout,job burnout, occupational burnout, nurses, nursing staff, and Iran. Critical appraisal of eligible studies was performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist. The first author's name, publication year, sample size, and the mean scores and standard error values of the different dimensions of job burnout were extracted from each included study. The random-effects and the fixed-effect models were used for the meta-analysis. The Cochran's Q test, the I2 index, and the Egger's regression analysis were used. Results: Nineteen studies with a total sample of 3926 nurses were included in the meta-analysis. The overall means of the EE, DP, and low PA dimensions of job burnout were 21.19 (95 confidence interval CI: 19.28-23.11), 7.85 (95% CI: 6.26-9.43), and 28.89 (95% CI: 27.10-30.67), respectively. The I2 index values of these dimensions were, respectively, 96.6%, 99.4%, and 97.8%, indicating high heterogeneity among the studies. The Egger's regression analysis showed that there was no evidence of publication bias in the studies (P = 0.08). Conclusion: Job burnout among nurses in Iran is moderate in the EE and the DP dimensions and high in the low PA dimension. Strategies are needed to improve nurses' work conditions, fulfill their needs, and thereby, reduce their job burnout

Validity and Reliability of The Persian Version of Health-Labour Questionnaire in Determination of Productivity Loss Among Injured of Traffic Accidents

Background: Health- Labour Questionnaire (SF-HLQ) is a measurement instrument for collecting the quantitative data on the relationship between disease and functional status of individuals of productivity losses related to health problems in individuals with paid or unpaid work. Since road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death for disability in the world. In this regard, we aimed to report on validity and reliability of the Persian version of Health- Labour questionnaire in assessing Productivity losses of the Road Traffic Injuries.&#x0D; Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 30 injured of traffic accident referring to hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected. Samples were evaluated in 2 stages and have been interviewed following 1 month by using the health- labour questionnaire and their loss of productivity was calculated by telephone. Face and content validity was performed by 5 health management and economics specialists and 10 students of Master's Degree of Health Services Management and their opinions were applied.  To determine the content validity of the questionnaire, content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used, and to determine reliability, Coefficient Correlation Interclass (ICC) for quantitative variables and kappa coefficient of agreement were used to evaluate the reliability of the nominal questions and SPSS 21 software used for data analysis.&#x0D; Results: CVI and CVR were calculated at 0.79- 0.49, Respectively, which is acceptable for this questionnaire. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient and Confidence interval in both lost productivity and lost working day variables were 0.99 (0.98-0.99) and 0.96 (0.93-0.98) respectively. Kappa coefficient of agreement for nominal questions was 0.99.&#x0D; Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the translated version of the health-labour questionnaire had presented excellent validity and reliability in assessing productivity loss in traffic incident patients.</jats:p

Prioritization of the affecting components of the patient experience evaluation of healthcare services using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

Abstract Introduction: Service quality is one of the most important management aspects of service organizations, and customer-centricity is the first strategy of all organizations worldwide. Therefore, the present study aimed to Prioritization of the affecting components of the patient experience evaluation of healthcare services in hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The data collection instrument included a researcher-made questionnaire including questions on demographic variables and pairwise comparison tables consisting of 12 dimensions related to the components affecting the patient experience evaluation, which 30 members of the expert panel answered. The expert panel members included heads and managers of hospitals, managers and executive experts of hospitals, and faculty members of health and medical services management. The collected data were analyzed using Excel software to compare and rank the contribution of each factor affecting the Prioritization of the patient experience evaluation of healthcare services using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Results: According to the panel of experts, the quality of the nurse-patient relationship was the most critical priority (0.28), followed by the quality of the physician-patient relationship (0.24), provision of medical services (0.17), provision of information to the Patient (0.09) and method of pain management (0.07). The lowest priority was access to the necessary medications (0.0004). Conclusion: According to the results of the present research, hospital managers can have the most significant effect on improving the quality of hospital services and, thus, patient satisfaction by employing experienced and specialized nurses and physicians or by empowering them to establish better communication with patients and provide better medical services.</jats:p

Comparison of physical health and thought-action fusion in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder and normal

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are two psychological disorders that can greatly impair psychological, emotional and communication wellbeing. Aim: The present study sought to compare physical health and thought-action fusion in OCD patients, BD patients and normal (non-clinical) individuals. Method: The present study is a causal-comparative study with a target population consisting of all inpatient and outpatients of Fatemi Hospital and psychiatric clinics in Ardabil between December 2019 to February 2020, and June to July 2020 who were diagnosed with OCD or BD by professionals. Of those, a convince sample of 40 individuals with OCD, 40 with BD and 40 normal individuals was selected for research. The measures used in this study were Rachman and Shafran's Thought-Action Fusion Scale and Abbasi et al.'s Physical Health Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed using SPSS version 25 to analyze data. Results: Results showed statistically significant difference in physical health and its components between OCD, BD and normal patients (p&lt;0.01). A similar significant difference in relation to thought-action fusion was also observed between the OCD, BD and normal groups (p&lt;0.01). That is, normal people have less thought-action fusion than the other two groups. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, we suggest that to specifically target cognitive biases in treating OCD and BD, the role of physical health and thought-action fusion should be taken into account.</jats:p