Development and sensory evaluation of gluten free bakery products using quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa) flour

Quinoa based gluten free bakery products were prepared by supplementing roasted quinoa flour in oats and rice flour at different substitution levels and were organoleptically evaluated using eight point hedonic rating scale for sensory attributes by a semi – trained (including Professors and Assistant Professors not a professionally sensory panel) panel of 10 judges. Substitution of roasted quinoa flour at 5, 10 and 15 percent levels showed significant difference (p? 0.05) at 10 percent levels for all the products namely cookies, cakes, muffins, pies and tarts for overall acceptability. The products with 10 percent level of supplementation of roasted quinoa flour (10%) with rice (45%) and oats flour (45%) were found to be highly acceptable and the scores for overall acceptability for cakes (7.54), cookies (7.46), muffins (7.32), pies (7.78) and tarts (7.56) were achieved. The pies with 10 percent level of supplementation of roasted quinoa flour were considered as best product by the judges in terms of all the sensory attributes such as appearance, colour, texture, flavour, taste and overall acceptability. It may be concluded that roasted quinoa flour can be utilized successfully up to 10 percent level to prepare gluten free bakery products with high nutritional value without imposing negative impact on sensory attributes which may prove a boon to celiac patients

Sensory and nutritional evaluation of beverages developed using malted ragi (Eleusine coracana)

Five milk based beverages were developed by supplementing malted ragi and were organoleptically evaluated for sensory attributes by semi-trained panel of 10 judges. Control samples were developed by using milk, fruits (banana, kiwi, strawberry, papaya and mango) and honey and in test samples malted ragi was added at different levels ranging from 5-15 percent. Results revealed that banana based malted ragi beverage supplemented with 5 percent malted ragi was overall highly acceptable in terms of all sensory attributes. The most accepted level was chemically analysed for proximate composition, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, available carbohydrates and antinutritional components by using standard methods. The most acceptable malted ragi beverage was estimated to have 11.78±0.06 g crude protein, 6.81±0.51 g of crude fat, 1.21±0.07 g of crude fibre, 27.44±1.03 g of carbohydrates, 594.3±4.5 mg of tryptophan, 517.6±23.2 mg of methionine, 372.3±8.5 mg of lysine, 172.6 mg of calcium, 3.73 mg of iron, 102.2 mg of phosphorus and 0.596 mg of zinc per 100 ml. The anti-nutritional components were 155.8±11.3 mg of phytates, 15.4±2.3 mg of total phenols and 0.32±0.01 mg of trypsin inhibitor activity. Total sugars were found to be 5.44±0.21 g, 3.16±0.15 g of reducing sugars, 2.28±0.14 g of non-reducing sugars and 1.06±0.05 g of starch. It may be concluded that malted ragi can be utilized successfully up to 5 percent level to prepare beverages with high nutritional value without imposing negative impact on sensory attributes which may prove a boon to osteoporotic patients

The Information Content of Directors’ Trades: Empirical Analysis of the Australian Market

We examine the trading activities of directors in shares of their own companies on the Australian Stock Exchange during the July-December 2005 period. We find that directors of small companies in particular earn abnormal return after both their ‘Purchase’ and as well as their ‘Sale’ trade. Directors of these companies have an uncanny ability to time the market by trading when mispricing is greatest, and are able to predict the future performance of their firms in short run. For directors of medium and large companies, we find evidence that ‘Sale’ trades are the ones which work as loss avoiders. Outsiders recognise to some extent that directors’ trades are informative, however they are slow to incorporate the new information into prices, refuting much of the market efficiency literature.

A study of infection stages among anemic, non-anemic children and women living in rural areas of Ludhiana district of Punjab, India

The effect of iron deficiency on infection stages in 312 women (15-45 years) and 312 children (6-59 months) belonging to the families of agricultural labourers and of small and marginal farmers residing in rural areas of Ludhiana district of Punjab was assessed. The blood hemoglobin levels were below normal in 50.64% of women and 55.77% of children. No significant difference in the mean values of C-Reactive protein (CRP) and Alpha-1acid glycoprotein (AGP) was observed among non-anemic and anemic women and children, however the average total leukocyte count was significantly (p?0.01) higher in anemic as compared to non-anemic women and children. CRP indicating acute stage of infection was raised in 10.58% of women while AGP representing chronic infection was higher in 8.65% of the women. The CRP values were high in 7.7% in children, however AGP values were higher in 23.4% of the children. On the basis of combined levels of CRP and AGP, 11.7% of non-anemic and 15.3% of anemic women were detected with infections while 18.8% of non anemic and 26.0% of anemic children were in infection state. The results suggest that iron deficiency is quite frequent in children and women. The blood picture showed that more number of anemic women and children were in acute or chronic infection stages as compared to non-anemics, hence, a comprehensive research on the role of iron deficiency anemia in immunity is needed as lower immunity is one of the significant factor of malnutrition which is the most important nutritional challenge for the global community

Enhancement of Medical Images using Histogram Based Hybrid Technique

Digital Image Processing is very important area of research. A number of techniques are available for image enhancement of gray scale images as well as color images. They work very efficiently for enhancement of the gray scale as well as color images. Important techniques namely Histogram Equalization, BBHE, RSWHE, RSWHE (recursion=2, gamma=No), AGCWD (Recursion=0, gamma=0) have been used quite frequently for image enhancement. But there are some shortcomings of the present techniques. The major shortcoming is that while enhancement, the brightness of the image deteriorates quite a lot. So there was need for some technique for image enhancement so that while enhancement was done, the brightness of the images does not go down. To remove this shortcoming, a new hybrid technique namely RESWHE+AGCWD (recursion=2, gamma=0 or 1) was proposed. The results of the proposed technique were compared with the existing techniques. In the present methodology, the brightness did not decrease during image enhancement. So the results and the technique was validated and accepted. The parameters via PSNR, MSE, AMBE etc. are taken for performance evaluation and validation of the proposed technique against the existing techniques which results in better outperform

Impact of Vermicompost on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato Plant (Lycopersicum Esculentum)

The main objective of the study was to prepare vermicompost from the waste and to determine its effect on the qualitative and quantitative yield of tomato plant. The treatment groups consisted of VC (15, 30, 45 and control). The parameters like pH 7.2, Electrical Conductivity (10.70mmhos/cm), Total Hardness (360mg/l), Calcium (160mg/l) and Magnesium (200mg/l) were determined. The present results show that vermicompost treatment has significant growth impact on plant height, number of leaves, fruits, flowers and stem diameter as compared to control

Role of Leader’s Emotional Intelligence in Organizational Learning: A Quantitative Analysis

Although most researchers have argued that a leader’s Emotional Intelligence (EI) capability positively influences Organizational Learning (OL), this relationship has only been studied at surface level. Consequently, there is no clear mechanism explaining how leaders facilitate various sub-processes of learning at the individual, team, and organizational levels. In this study, we operationalize Goleman’s (1998) mixed model of EI and 4I framework of learning proposed by Crossan et al. (1999) to shed further light on this connection. Our study follows a deductive approach, where a conceptual model is first developed through a conceptual literature review and then empirically tested using correlation analysis. Short versions of the Emotional Competency Inventory (ECI V.2) and Strategic Learning Assessment Map (SLAM) survey tool have been utilized to measure leader’s EI and OL, respectively. This study makes significant contributions to scholarly research surrounding EI and OL as well as practice based application of leadership development and employee learning interventions, with a special relevance for learning organizations

Root Rot Pathogens of Wheat in South Dakota and Their Affect on Seed Germination and Seedling Blight in Spring Wheat Cultivars

Crown rot and common root rot are the important root diseases in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other cereals causing significant germination and yield losses in the Northern Great Plains and other parts of the world. Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs) and Fusarium graminearum (Fg) cause common root rot and crown rot respectively, are the important wheat root pathogens that can affect seed germination, seedling establishment and impact crop productivity. A survey was conducted in the year 2014 and 2015 to study the distribution and the prevalence of root rot pathogens in South Dakota. Out of 31 and eight roots samples collected in 2014 and 2015, respectively, F. graminearum was the major pathogen recovered in both years. All the collected samples harbored F. graminearium, and 50% of the samples produced B. sorokiniana. In 2014, 125 isolates of F. graminearum and 62 isolates of B. sorokiniana were recovered from 31 root samples and in 2015, 38 isolates of F. graminearum and eight isolates of B. sorokiniana were recovered from eight root samples. The fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis tritici associated with Take-all was not recovered from the collected samples in both years. Further, we studied the effect of B. sorokiniana and F. graminearum infested seed on germination and seedling establishment (blight) of 11 HRSW wheat cultivars under greenhouse and field conditions (Brookings and Volga). Seeds of 11 hard red spring wheat cultivars HRSW cultivars, Advance, Brick, Briggs, Forefront, Oxen, Prevail, Russ, Select, SD4189, SD4215, and Traverse were infested individually with B. sorokiniana and F. graminearum by spraying with their respected spore suspension. Infested seed from all 11 cultivars were planted in paper cups (10 seeds/cup) filled with sterile vermiculite, using a complete randomized design. Seed germination and seedling blight data was recorded 10 and 20 days’ post planting. The percent germination losses when the seed was infested with F. graminearum ranged from 4 to 33% while the seedling survival rate of the cultivars varied from 48 to 87% and the seedling blight ranged from 7-27% but when seed was infested with B. sorokiniana, percent germination varied from 2-17% with 58 to 96% seedling survival rate and 0-16% seedling blight. We further, planted 100 seeds of seven (2015) and 11 (2016) HRSW cultivars with six different treatments in a split plot design experiment in three replications at two field locations, Brookings and Volga. The treatments included were uninfested seed + untreated (T1), unifested + treated with fungicide (T2), infested (B. sorokiniana) + treated (T3), infested (B. sorokiniana) + untreated (T4), infested (F. graminearum) + treated (T5), infested (F. graminearum) + untreated (T6). Seed germination and seedling blight data were recorded after the germination for three consecutive weeks. Wheat cultivars varied in seed germination and seedling blight to both the pathogens; however, low seed germination was observed in F. graminearum infested seed as compared to B. sorokiniana infested seed at both locations in both years. Cultivars Russ (72%) and Oxen (80%) were highly affected for seed germination and seedling blight to both pathogens whereas Forefront (92%), Select (95%) and Briggs (88%) had the highest germination and the higher seedling survival rate as compared to the other cultivars both under greenhouse and field conditions. The percent germination losses when the seed was infested with F. graminearum ranged from 17-35% while the seedling survival rate of the cultivars varied from 92-99%. In case of the seed infested with B. sorokiniana, germination losses ranged from 2-15% with the only highest germination loss observed in Russ cultivar (32%) with the survival rate of all the cultivars ranged from 91-97%. Fungicide treatment (T3 and T5) significantly increased the seed germination from 14-37% and the seedling blight was also reduced in almost all the cultivars. In another experiment, where oat kernels were used as a source of inoculum, reduction in percent seed germination was observed however, it was not significant

Finger Vein Recognition Based on PCA Feature using Artificial Neural Network

Personal recognition technology is developing rapidly as a security system. Traditional methods such as authentication key; password: card is not secure enough, because they could be stolen or easily forget. Biometrics has been applied to a wide range of systems. According to various researchers, vein biometrics was a good technique from other biometric authentication system used, such as fingerprints, hand geometry, voice, etc. of the DNA. Root Authentication systems can be designed in different ways. All methods include the matching stage. A neural network is an effective way of matching Personal identification authentication system. The finger vein pattern is unique biometric identity of the human beings. The finger vein recognition is a popular biometric technique which is used for authentication purposes in various applications. In the propose work an algorithm is proposed to find the accuracy, FRR and FAR of finger vein recognition. The performances of PCA, threshold segmentation, pre-processing and testing & training techniques has been validate and compared with each other in order to determine the most accurate results in terms of finger vein recognition

Software Metrics and Metric Tools- A Review

Object-Oriented design is turn out to be more significant in software development environment as stated by the IEEE standard thesaurus of software engineering. It also conclude that software metrics are much more vital in software engineering for determining the software quality characteristics. There are many approaches by virtue of which we can measure the software cost estimation plus predicates on numerous types of deliverable items. Metric tools are used to estimate the measures like lines of code object point, function points etc. This paper highlights mostly the classification of software quality metrics like size metrics, complexity metrics etc. and different metrics tools. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.16046