Changes in Serum Haptoglobin and Group Specific Component after Orthotopic Liver Homotransplantation in Humans

In human recipients of orthotopic liver homografts with different haptoglobin (Hp) and group specific component (Gc) types than their respective donors, the donor phenotype permanently replaced that previously present. The findings prove that the liver is the sole source of Hp and Gc, and that it retains its metabolic specificity after transplantation to a new host. © 1968, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved

Exploring Japanese olive oil consumer behavior

During the last two decades, olive oil consumption in Japan is showing an increasing trend due to dietary and health concerns. Traditional olive oil producer and exporter countries such as Italy, Spain and Tunisia have interest to reinforce and to increase their penetration in the Japanese market. This study examines Japanese olive oil consumer behaviour by the use of the conjoint analysis technique. Five attributes have been chosen to design the experiment: region of origin, price, olive oil type, taste and colour. Two models have been estimated where the price variable was introduced in its discrete form in the first model and in its linear and quadratic from in the second model. In a second step, consumer segmentation was undertaken based on consumption frequencies. Two groups have been identified: “heavy consumers” and “light or potential consumers”. The main results indicate the importance of the selected variables in Japanese olive oil consumer' choice. Olive oil with Mediterranean or Tunisian origin has higher probabilities to be chosen than Italian or Spanish one. Japanese consumers prefer a green with bland taste olive oil. Concerning olive oil type, results indicate that refined olive oil has more probability to be chosen than virgin or extra-virgin one, indicating low awareness of Japanese consumers about olive oil. The price variable estimates have shown a convex utility curve indicating a decrease of consumers’ utility when price increases till a maximum price. Above that price, consumers’ utility increase indicating in that case that olive oil is considered as a luxurious product. Differences as well as similarities have been detected among consumer segments.Olive oil, Japan, consumer behavior, Consumer/Household Economics,

Interspecies reactivity and intraspecies specificity of antilymphoid globulin

Horse antihuman and antidog antilymphocyte globulins were shown to possess leukoagglutinating antibodies when tested against the white cells from a number of other divergent species. In addition, the white cells of individuals within the species against which immunization was originally conducted were variably affected by the immune globulin. The latter observation suggests that these globulins could be more effective in some cases than in others if they were used therapeutically for their immunosuppressive qualities. © 1967

Improvements in the preparation of heterologous antilymphocyte globulin with special reference to absorption and diethylaminoethyl cellulose batch production

Antilymphocyte gamma-G globulin (ALGG) was produced from the serum of immunized horses. Modifications of the preliminary absorption techniques permitted the removal of undesirable, extraneous antibodies. With the use of a batch technique, pure gamma-G globulin could then be removed in bulk quantities. The resulting product was first confirmed to have immunosuppressive qualities in dogs and then given a clinical trial. In patients, its administration occasionally caused low-grade fever and thrombocytopenia. Pain at the injection site was not eliminated. Precipitin antibody responses have apparently been prevented in the patients but not a host response to Forssman antigens. © 1969

Antibody localization in horse, rabbit, and goat antilymphocyte sera

The localization of antibodies was studied in rabbit, goat, and horse ALS raised by weekly immunization with canine or human spleen cells for 4 to 12 weeks. A combination of analytic techniques was used including column chromatography, electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, determination of protein concentration, and measurement of antibody titers. In the rabbit and goat ALS, virtually all of the leukoagglutinins and lymphocytotoxins were in the easily separable IgG; accidentally induced thromboagglutinins were in the same location. In the rabbit hemagglutinins were found in both the IgG and IgM, whereas in the goat these were almost exclusively in the IgM. The antiwhite cell antibodies were most widely distributed in the horse. The cytotoxins were primarily in the IgG, but the leukoagglutinins were most heavily concentrated in the T-equine globulin which consists mostly of IgA. By differential ammonium sulfate precipitation of a horse antidoglymphocyte serum, fractions were prepared that were rich in IgG and IgA. Both were able to delay the rejection of canine renal homografts, the IgA-rich preparation to a somewhat greater degree. The findings in this study have been discussed in relation to the refining techniques that have been used for the production of globulin from heterologous ALS. © 1970

Modification of established rejection of canine kidney and liver homografts with antilymphocyte gamma-G globulin

Heterologous ALG was administered to ten canine recipients of renal homografts and one recipient of an orthotopic liver. Treatment was started after rejection was well established. Death from homograft failure was thereby significantly delayed and in several experiments the rejection was at least partially reversed. © 1969