Nurses as human beings in end-of-life care - a tentative theory model

Author's accepted version (postprint).This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by International Association for Human Caring in International Journal for Human Caring in June 2021.Available online: https://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgrijhc/25/2/131.abstractacceptedVersio

Caring for Older People - Improving Healthcare Quality to Ensure Well-Being and Dignity

The aim of caring is to promote health. The global trend is that people are living longer, but in many cases, there is no support system for the care of older people, leading to major challenges in ensuring their health and well-being. The proportion of older people is expected to increase globally, and skilled healthcare professionals will be required to care for them. There is a risk that older people as suffering and vulnerable human beings will be forgotten due to the increasingly effective and technical care worldwide. A caring culture and relationship should be prioritised and developed to promote participation, well-being and dignity for older people in order to fulfil their care needs and ensure quality healthcare. It is important that research focusing on universal health coverage identifies the benefits of increased investment in service quality. To contribute to the improvement of this output, we propose the application of Eriksson’s caritative theory. The aim of this theoretical chapter is to provide examples of how the dignity and well-being of older people can be promoted, at no additional cost to the person, by means of Eriksson’s caritative theory, which can strengthen healthcare for universal health coverage

Emotional support predicts more sickness absence and poorer self assessed work ability: a two-year prospective cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>While back pain and stressful work environment are shown to be important causes of sickness absence the effect of psychosocial resources on sickness absence, and on self assessed work ability, is less commonly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess these associations in a two-year follow-up study.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>341 working people aged 45 to 64, randomly drawn from the population, responded to a questionnaire at baseline and at a two-year follow-up. Poisson regression was used to analyse the association of psychosocial factors (psychosocial instruments on work environment, emotional support and psychological resources) and previous back pain (low back and/or neck) at baseline with sickness absence (spells and days) at follow-up, controlling for effects of age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol, occupation, disease and previous sickness absence. Logistic regression was used to study the associations of psychosocial factors and previous back pain at baseline with self assessed prognosis of poor work ability six months from follow-up. Finally, a multivariate analysis tested the independent effects of previous back pain and 3 psychosocial factors derived in a factor analysis: 1. work environment; 2. emotional support; 3. psychological resources, on work ability and absence days and spells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>80% of the sickness absence spells within the last 12 months before follow-up were short-term (≤ 14 days). In the final model, high emotional support predicted <it>more </it>sickness absence spells (RR 1.36; 1.11-1.67) and days (RR 1.68, 1.22-2.31). Previous back pain (OR 2.56; 1.13-5.81), high emotional support (OR 1.58; 1.02-2.46), and low psychological resources (OR 0.62; 0.44-0.89) were related to <it>poorer </it>self assessed prognosis of work ability at follow up.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In a general middle aged working population high emotional support was related to more sickness absence and also poorer self assessed prognosis of work ability. Our findings suggest that both sickness absence and self assessed work ability are dependent of life outside work and can be affected by a person's close community.</p

Understanding nursing personnel's health while working in end-of-life care - A hermeneutical study

publishedVersio

Rapid Insulin-Dependent Endocytosis of the Insulin Receptor by Caveolae in Primary Adipocytes

Background: The insulin receptor is localized in caveolae and is dependent on caveolae or cholesterol for signaling in adipocytes. When stimulated with insulin, the receptor is internalized. Methodology/Principal Findings: We examined primary rat adipocytes by subcellular fractionation to examine if the insulin receptor was internalized in a caveolae-mediated process. Insulin induced a rapid, t 1/2,3 min, endocytosis of the insulin receptor in parallel with receptor tyrosine autophosphorylation. Concomitantly, caveolin-1 was phosphorylated at tyrosine(14) and endocytosed. Vanadate increased the phosphorylation of caveolin-1 without affecting insulin receptor phosphorylation or endocytosis. Immunocapture of endosomal vesicles with antibodies against the insulin receptor cocaptured caveolin-1 and immunocapture with antibodies against tyrosine(14)-phosphorylated caveolin-1 co-captured the insulin receptor, demonstrating that the insulin receptor was endocytosed together with tyrosine(14)-phosphorylated caveolin-1. By immunogold electron microscopy the insulin receptor and caveolin-1 were colocalized in endosome vesicles that resembled caveosomes. Clathrin was not endocytosed with the insulin receptor and the inhibitor of clathrin-coated pitmediated endocytosis, chlorpromazine, did not inhibit internalization of the insulin receptor, while transferrin receptor internalization was inhibited. Conclusion: It is concluded that in response to insulin stimulation the autophosphorylated insulin receptor in primar

Accessibility and self-archiving of conference articles: A study on a selection of Swedish institutional repositories

The main purpose of this project has been to examine the accessibility of refereed conference articles and the OAand publishing policies of conferences in order to in this way elucidate different aspects concerning self-archiving in Swedish institutional repositories. For this purpose, the project participants have examined a number of conferences and references to conference articles via their institutional repositories during a specific time period and described these from the perspective of a common scheme. The study has showed that the local institutional repositories fill an important role to make conference publications visible. We have found that ca. 50% of the conference papers can be published as postprints in our institutional repositories. We have noticed that ca. 15% or the studied conference articles are not available at all. It is, therefore, of great importance to use local institutional repositories as a publishing channel, not only for primary published material such as dissertations and reports, but also as a source for finding these conference articles “without a home”. Between 20–25% of the examined articles were found in some type of OA archive; ca. half of these were found in one of the project participants’ own institutional repositories. This indicates that the publishing database of respective higher education institution is an important factor for open accessibility. Ca. 10% of the conferences in the study had an explicit OA policy or expressed such a policy by openly making conference articles accessible on their conference sites. A big problem when it comes to self-archiving of conference articles is the lack of information about OA policy. The landscape of conference publishing is complex and the selfarchiving of documents from conferences is very time-consuming. Above all, we would wish a policy resource for conferences similar to the SHERPA/RoMEO. At present, however, there is no other alternative than scrutinizing the conferences’ copyright information to the authors and from this attempt to draw conclusions about possible self-archiving. To facilitate the future handling and classification of conference articles in Swedish institutional repositories a number of recommendations are suggeste

Kaivannaisjätteen luokittelu pysyväksi – Louhinassa muodostuvat sivukivet

Kaivannaisjäte voidaan kaivannaisjäteasetuksen (379/2008) mukaisesti luokitella pysyväksi, kun kaivannaisjäte täyttää asetuksessa mainitut kriteerit. Oppaan tarkoituksena on auttaa kaivannaisalan toimijoita ja viranomaisia louhinnassa syntyvän kaivannaisjätteen luokittelussa pysyväksi. Oppaassa esitetään menettelyt kaivannaisteollisuudessa syntyvän sivukiven luokittelulle kaivannaisjäteasetuksen mukaisesti pysyväksi jokokansallisen pysyvien kivilajien luettelon tai tapauskohtaisen arvioinnin avulla

A mutation in POLE predisposing to a multi-tumour phenotype

Somatic mutations in the POLE gene encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase epsilon have been found in sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs) and are most likely of importance in tumour development and/or progression. Recently, families with dominantly inherited colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer were shown to have a causative heterozygous germline mutation in the proofreading exonuclease domain of POLE. The highly penetrant mutation was associated with predisposition to CRC only and no extra-colonic tumours were observed. We have identified a mutation in a large family in which the carriers not only developed CRC, they also demonstrate a highly penetrant predisposition to extra-intestinal tumours such as ovarian, endometrial and brain tumours. The mutation, NM_006231.2:c.1089C>A, p.Asn363Lys, also located in the proofreading exonuclease domain is directly involved in DNA binding. Theoretical prediction of the amino acid substitution suggests a profound effect of the substrate binding capability and a more severe impairment of the catalytic activity compared to the previously reported germline mutation. A possible genotype to phenotype correlation for deleterious mutations in POLE might exist that needs to be considered in the follow-up of mutation carriers

The Manganese-containing Ribonucleotide Reductase of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes is a Class Ib Enzyme

Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are key enzymes in living cells that provide the precursors of DNA synthesis. The three characterized classes of RNRs differ by their metal cofactor and their stable organic radical. We have purified to near homogeneity the enzymatically active Mn-containing RNR of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes, previously claimed to represent a fourth RNR class. N-terminal and internal peptide sequence analyses clearly indicate that the C. ammoniagenes RNR is a class Ib enzyme. In parallel, we have cloned a 10-kilobase pair fragment from C. ammoniagenes genomic DNA, using primers specific for the known class Ib RNR. The cloned class Ib locus contains the nrdHIEF genes typical for class Ib RNR operon. The deduced amino acid sequences of the nrdE and nrdF genes matched the peptides from the active enzyme, demonstrating that C. ammoniagenes RNR is composed of R1E and R2F components typical of class Ib. We also show that the Mn-containing RNR has a specificity for the NrdH-redoxin and a response to allosteric effectors that are typical of class Ib RNRs. Electron paramagnetic resonance and atomic absorption analyses confirm the presence of Mn as a cofactor and show, for the first time, insignificant amounts of iron and cobalt found in the other classes of RNR. Our discovery that C. ammoniagenes RNR is a class Ib enzyme and possesses all the highly conserved amino acid side chains that are known to ligate two ferric ions in other class I RNRs evokes new, challenging questions about the control of the metal site specificity in RNR. The cloning of the entire NrdHIEF locus of C. ammoniagenes will facilitate further studies along these lines