11 research outputs found

    Parental substance misuse: addressing its impact on children: Key messages and recommendations from a review of the literature.

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    This literature review, Parental Substance Misuse: Addressing its Impact on Children was prepared as part of the 2010/11 Work Programme of the National Advisory Committee on Drugs, and in the context of Action 55 of the National Drugs Strategy.. Its key messages and recommendations, summarised here, are also relevant to other policy initiatives, particularly the National Children’s Strategy and the forthcoming National Data and Research Strategy on Children’s Lives and the forthcoming National Substance Misuse Strategy

    Extent and patterns of cannabis use in Ireland.

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    Parental substance misuse: addressing its impact on children: a review of the literature.

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    This new report focuses on the needs of children whose parents are problematic substance misusers. It was prepared at the request of the NACD by our Senior Researcher Dr Justine Horgan who is to be congratulated on the quality of her review and analysis of the Irish and international literature on what is known about the impact of parental use of a range of drugs on their children. The report looks, not only at the biological impact of drug use during pregnancy and breast feeding, but even more importantly highlighting the psychosocial impact on children when their parents misuse drugs including alcohol. The report draws attention to gaps in our knowledge of the true extent and impact of that drug misuse in Ireland. A number of key messages are identified in this study: • International evidence underlines that parental drug and alcohol misuse has negative consequences for child development, parenting and family life • Common principles and standards to support work with parental substance and alcohol misusers should underpin services working to safeguard the development of their children • The national Children First guidelines should be used by organizations working regularly with children who experience parental substance misuse and with their parents • Health promotion and public information messages that target parents and the impact of their drug and alcohol use on their children need to also promote support services and interventions. The report also sets out a range of measures which need to be taken on board in order to redress the gaps in our knowledge of what is happening to the children of drug users in Ireland at this time, emphasising five essential research activities

    High performance human resource management in Ireland and the Netherlands : adoption and effectiveness

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    Does high performance human resource management deliver superior organisational performance and if so, how would this come about? Do these practices make a difference to employee work performance and cooperation? Could all companies, regardless of their context, benefit from these HR practices and what factors are associated with the take-up of high performance human resource management? In this study each of these questions is examined using a matched establishment survey in two European countries, Ireland and the Netherlands. Firstly, it tackles the question of whether high performance HR management effects are exerted at several levels of the company. Particular consideration is given to the relationships among the practices, drawing out the implications of this inter-play for mobilising employee performance. Secondly, the study explicates the role played by the company's business strategy as a condition under which improvements made by high performance HR management at the employee level can be translated into improvements at the production and corporate levels. Thirdly, the study discriminates between factors that facilitate or inhibit the diffusion of high performance human resource management practices. Finally, there is a discussion of the role played by the socio-economic and cultural contexts of the countries in which companies implement high performance human resource management.

    Human resource systems and employee performance in Ireland and the Netherlands: a test of the complementarity hypothesis

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    A central claim of strategic HRM is the notion that the way a firm manages its workforce affects its corporate performance. In particular, ‘high performance human resource management’, a systematic approach toward HR management consisting of internally consistent HR dimensions that develop the skill and motivation of the workforce, is considered to contribute to the ‘bottom-line’ of companies. The benefits are attributed generally to ‘complementarities’ among the constituent dimensions. In the theoretical part of this paper we distinguish between three different processes resulting in such complementarities: reinforcement, flanking and compensation. These different processes are exemplified for five areas of high performance human resource management, incentives systems, training, sharing arrangements, guidance and selective recruitment. In the empirical part of this paper we examine whether the effect at the employee level can be traced to the complementary relationships among the five high performance HR dimensions. The core hypothesis to be tested in this study is that the complementarity effect of the high performance HR management system enhances employee performance over and above the sum of the effects of the five practices. This complementarity hypothesis is tested using a methodology for the test of systems effects suggested by Ichniowski et al. (1997). The data come from a matched establishment survey in two European countries, Ireland and the Netherlands. These datasets comprise data from nearly 400 establishments. Key findings are that the complementarity hypothesis is fully supported by the Irish data but rejected by the Dutch data.

    Von kollektiver Solidarität zur individuellen Verantwortung: Der Niederländische Wohlfahrtsstaat

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    <p>A) GPS traces of the three cheetahs over the course of 6.5 months. Path colored based on how may animals travelled together at the time (green: all three, red: group of two (CH2 and CH3), blue: one individual (CH1), grey shading: home range). B) Percentage of time the individuals spent within X meters of each other over 6.5 months. C) Distance between the lone individual (CH1) and the other two (CH2 & CH3) at any given time during separation (markers correspond with locations in D). D) GPS traces during time of separation, with locations of separation, minimum distances, maximum distance shortly before reunion and reunion displayed (see markers in C). E) Zoom windows (i, ii, iii) into (D) when the two groups followed the path of the other temporarily within 4.5 days. Potential search loops are identified by (1) and (2) with a successful reunion on the 30<sup>th</sup> of August (iii), when CH1 crossed the same path within 2.4 hours of the other two and reunion occurred 9.5 hours later. F) Histogram of time past between the two groups encountering each other’s tracks.</p
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