A cross-cultural study of domestic luminous environment in the United Kingdom and Japan

Abstract not available

Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of <i>BnPRP1</i>.

<p>(A) Unrooted Phylogenetic tree of BnPRP1 and its homologous proteins. Dendrogram obtained using neighbor-joining analysis based on the proportion (p-distance) of aligned amino acid sites of the full-length peptide sequences. BnPRP1 is marked with a solid triangle. Numbers at the base of each clade correspond to the bootstrap means of 1000 replications. Organism’s common or taxonomic names are shown in parenthesis. The Genbank accession numbers/Database accession numbers for the proteins/peptides are as follows: <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (NP_197850.2); <i>Capsella rubella</i> (XP_006289819); <i>Camelina sativa</i> (XP_010421292.1); <i>Arabidopsis lyrata</i> (XP_00287212); <i>Eutrema salsugineum</i> (XP_0063947); <i>Brassica napus</i> (<i>Brassica napus</i> Database accession No. GSBRNA2T00120298001); <i>Brassica oleracea</i> (bolbase accession No: Bol016440); <i>Brassica rapa</i> (brad accession No: XP_009130006.1); <i>Brassica napus</i> (<i>Brassica napus</i> Database accession No:GSBRNA2T00147553001); <i>Brassica rapa</i> (brad accession No: XP_009150986.1); <i>Brassica napus</i> (GSBRNA2T00133542001); <i>Brassica oleracea</i> (bolbase accession No: Bol022411); <i>Brassica napus</i> (<i>Brassica napus</i> Database accession No: GSBRNA2T00120360001); SP-B (APD accession No: AP00889); BacFL31(APD accession No: AP02346); bumblebee_Abaecins (APD accession No: AP01215); honeybee_Abaecins (APD accession No: AP00002). (B) Multiple alignments of BnPRP1 and its homologs. Multiple alignments of BnPRP1 and its homologs identical amino acid residues were black-shaded, PPT motif of BnPRP1 is shown in box.</p

Minimal concentrations of <i>BnPRP1</i> required for complete growth inhibition.

<p>^aResults are the mean values obtained from three independent measurements.</p><p>Minimal concentrations of <i>BnPRP1</i> required for complete growth inhibition.</p

Structural data of <i>BnPRP1</i> obtained from CD.

<p>^aPBS, pH 7.4</p><p>TFE⁺, trifluoroethanol; MeOH, methanol; EtOH, ethanol</p><p>Structural data of <i>BnPRP1</i> obtained from CD.</p

Response of <i>BnPRP1</i> Expression to <i>S</i>. <i>sclerotiorum</i> inoculation.

<p>Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure <i>BnPRP1</i> gene expression in the leaves and stems of six <i>Brassica napus</i> cultivars: four disease-resistant (Zhongshuang 9, M083, Zhongshuang 11, and Zhongyou 821) and two susceptible cultivars (84039 and 888–5). All values are the means obtained from three biological replicates and their respective standard deviations.</p

SDS-PAGE analysis of recombinant His-EDDIE-BnPRP1 expressed in <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> BL 21 (DE3) and Tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis of BnPRP1 renaturation.

<p>(A) SDS-PAGE analysis of recombinant His-EDDIE-BnPRP1. Lane M, protein molecular weight maker; Lanes 2, precipitation of His-EDDIE-BnPRP1; Lane 1, <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> BL 21 (DE3) cells transformed with pET30a plasmid as a control. Lane 3, purified His-EDDIE-BnPRP1. (B) Tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis of BnPRP1 renaturation. Lane M, protein molecular weight marker; Lanes 1, 2, refolded BnPRP1 after 8 h.</p

CD spectra of <i>BnPRP1</i> in different solvents (A) and in the presence of 0–75% (v/v) TFE (B).

<p>CD spectra of <i>BnPRP1</i> in different solvents (A) and in the presence of 0–75% (v/v) TFE (B).</p

Agarose gel electrophoresis detection of the overlap PCR product from the <i>BnPRP1</i> gene and the recombinant plasmids pET30a/His-EDDIE-GFP and pET30a-EDDIE-BnPRP1.

<p>(A) Lane M, 100 bp DNA marker; Lanes 1–2, Overlap PCR products from the <i>BnPRP1</i> gene. (B) Lane M, 1 kb DNA marker; Lane 1, recombinant vector pET30a/His-EDDIE-BnPRP1; Lane 2, vector pET30a/His-EDDIE-GFP. <b>C:</b> Lane M, DL2000 DNA marker; Lane 1, positive control; Lane 2, negative control; Lanes 3 and 4, PCR detection of the <i>BnPRP1</i> gene.</p

Image_2_Integrating GWAS, linkage mapping and gene expression analyses reveal the genetic control of first branch height in Brassica napus L.tif

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a crucial oil crop cultivated worldwide. First branch height, an essential component of rapeseed plant architecture, has an important effect on yield and mechanized harvesting; however, the underlying genetic mechanism remains unclear. In this study, based on the 60K single nucleotide polymorphism array and a recombinant inbred lines population derived from M083 and 888-5, a total of 19 QTLs were detected in five environments, distributed on linkage groups A02, A09, A10, C06, and C07, which explained phenotypic variation ranging from 4.87 to 29.87%. Furthermore, 26 significant SNPs were discovered on Chr.A02 by genome-wide association study in a diversity panel of 324 re-sequencing accessions. The major QTL of the first branch height trait was co-located on Chr.A02 by integrating linkage mapping and association mapping. Eleven candidate genes were screened via allelic variation analysis, inter-subgenomic synteny analysis, and differential expression of genes in parental shoot apical meristem tissues. Among these genes, BnaA02g13010D, which encodes a TCP transcription factor, was confirmed as the target gene according to gene function annotation, haplotype analysis, and full-length gene sequencing, which revealed that TATA insertion/deletion in the promoter region was closely linked to significantly phenotypic differences BnaA02.TCP1M083 overexpression resulted in decreased branch height and increased branch number in Arabidopsis. These results provide a genetic basis for first branch height and the ideal architecture of B. napus.</p

Table_5_Integrating GWAS, linkage mapping and gene expression analyses reveal the genetic control of first branch height in Brassica napus L.xlsx

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a crucial oil crop cultivated worldwide. First branch height, an essential component of rapeseed plant architecture, has an important effect on yield and mechanized harvesting; however, the underlying genetic mechanism remains unclear. In this study, based on the 60K single nucleotide polymorphism array and a recombinant inbred lines population derived from M083 and 888-5, a total of 19 QTLs were detected in five environments, distributed on linkage groups A02, A09, A10, C06, and C07, which explained phenotypic variation ranging from 4.87 to 29.87%. Furthermore, 26 significant SNPs were discovered on Chr.A02 by genome-wide association study in a diversity panel of 324 re-sequencing accessions. The major QTL of the first branch height trait was co-located on Chr.A02 by integrating linkage mapping and association mapping. Eleven candidate genes were screened via allelic variation analysis, inter-subgenomic synteny analysis, and differential expression of genes in parental shoot apical meristem tissues. Among these genes, BnaA02g13010D, which encodes a TCP transcription factor, was confirmed as the target gene according to gene function annotation, haplotype analysis, and full-length gene sequencing, which revealed that TATA insertion/deletion in the promoter region was closely linked to significantly phenotypic differences BnaA02.TCP1M083 overexpression resulted in decreased branch height and increased branch number in Arabidopsis. These results provide a genetic basis for first branch height and the ideal architecture of B. napus.</p