Growth Performance of Three Native Tree Species for Pulpwood Plantation in Drained Peatland of Pelalawan District, Riau

The productivity of exotic species developed in pulpwood plantations in Indonesia (HTI-pulp) has been continuously decreasing. On the other side, there is a possibility to develop several promising native tree species in peatland HTI-pulp plantations. However, less information is available on the performance of those native tree species for planting in peatland pulpwood plantation. This study evaluates the performances (survival rate, growth and yield) of three native trees [mahang (Macaranga pruinosa), skubung (Macaranga gigantea) and geronggang (Cratoxylum arborescens)] in drained peatland, in terms of suitability for pulpwood plantation. An experiment plot was established by planting three native tree species and krasikarpa (Acacia crassicarpa) in drained peatland at Pelalawan District, Riau. Survival, growth and yield variables were monitored frequently until 5.5 years after planting (YAP) and then were analyzed. Geronggang (survival rate = 80.0%) and mahang (survival rate = 65.6%) showed good survival rates at 5.5 YAP which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of krassikarpa (22.4%). Geronggang and mahang are relatively promising growth and yield in which height, diameter and yield increment until 5.5 YAP were 1.96 m/year and 2.31 m/year; 2.08 cm/year and 2.59 cm/year; 13.1 m3/ha/year and 21.4 m3/ha/year, respectively. Yet, those growths and yields were still significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of krasikarpa, probably due to unequal seedling quality. These results indicated the potential of mahang and geronggang to be developed in peatland pulpwood plantations. However, tree improvement program is necessarily required for mahang and geronggang to initiate the development

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Fisika Teknologi Melalui Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Assisted Individualization Di Kelas Xi-av Semester Genap Smk Futuhiyyah Mranggen Demak

Keberhasilan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Fisika teknologicukup rendah, padahal Fisika Teknologi merupakan salah satu matapelajaran yang dijadikan Ujian Sekolah di tingkat SekolahKejuruan. Untuk mensiasati hal tersebut, dikembangkan modelpembelajaran kooperatif Team Assisted Individualization yangdimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa sehinggadapat mendongkrak prestasi belajar siswa. Tujuan penelitian iniuntuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran fisikateknologi menggunakan model kooperatif Team AssistedIndividualization pada siswa kelas XI-AV SMK FutuhiyyahMranggen Demak semester genap 2007/2008. Metode Pengumpulandata yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitiantindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subjekpenelitian terdiri dari 40 siswa kelas XI-AV SMK FutuhiyyahMranggen pada semester genap tahun 2007/2008. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model kooperatif tipe TAI dapatmeningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat denganadanya peningkatan rata-rata Fisika teknologi dalam ranah kognitifsiswa. Hasil belajar siswa berturut-turut mengalami peningkatandari siklus 1 sampai siklus 2

Pengaruh Hidrogen Sianamida terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Teh (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Setelah Pemangkasan

The experiment was aimed to study the effect of hydrogen cynamide on tea growth and production after pruning. The experiment was conducted at Goalpara Tea Plantation (1100 m above sea levels) from September 1994 to March 1995. Clone TR12025 planted in 1976 with 29 months pruning cycle was pruned a week before application of hydrogen cynamide. Randomized Complete Block Design was used in this experiment with four treatments and four replications. Treatments consist of hydrogen cynamide 0.00 % (control), 0.50 %, 1.25 % and 2.50 %. An experiment unit consists of 20 tea plants. The results showed that treatments of hydrogen cynamide was not significantly increase the number of shoots and weight of "tipping" (shoot tipped on first plucking). The production was not significantly increased by the treatments. However, hydrogen cynamide at 0.50 % could increase 11.5 % fresh weight (equivalent 0f 9.9 % dry weight)

Pengaruh Penggunaan Pupuk Hayati Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Belum Menghasllkan (Tbm I) Kopi Robusta (Coffea Canephora Pierre Ex Froehner)

This experiment was aimed to study the effect of biofertilizer on growth of young Robusta coffee. New planting of Robusta coffee BP 42 x BP 358 was used with Randomized Complete Block Design and 3 replications. Treatments were fertilization as follows : P1 (20 g EMAS + 50 % recognized dosage of inorganic fertilizer (d.a.p.a.)), P2 (10 ml EM 4 + 50 % d.a.p.a.), P3 j (25 g OST + 50 % d.a.p.a.), P4 (5 kg manure + 50 % d a.p.a.) and P5 (d.a.p.a., 23 g Urea, 28 g SP36 and 16 g KCI). The results showed that sum couple, length and sum node of plagiotrophic stems were significantly different from 2 till 6 month after treatment, but it were not significantly different for height and stem diameter: Manure + 50 % d.a.p.a. was the best responses for all variables. EMAS + 50 % d.a.p.a. and EM 4 + 50 % d.a.p.a. had responses as good as inorganic fertilizer: Whereas, OST+ 50 % d.a.p.a. had the lowest responses for all variables

Productivity and Blocking Dalam Sistem Morfologi Bahasa Arab

- Bahasa Arab adalah bahasa yang produktif, berdasarkan pada akar dan pola, dan sistem kata dan paradigma. Sehubungan dengan itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap produktivitas formasi kata baru dalam bahasa Arab. Namun, dalam menggambarkan produktivitas, ada faktor pemblokiran yang berfungsi sebagai penghalang produktivitas. Penelitian ini menjelaskan dan menjelaskan bentuk atau pola yang keberadaannya diblokir oleh bentuk lain yang tidak mengikuti pola standar.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode deskriptif digunakan dalam analisis data. Temuan dianalisis berdasarkan teori yang relevan. Ringkasan dari temuan tersebut adalah tujuan penelitian ini. Teori tentang qawaidul I\u27lal dari Al Ghulayaini (1994) dan Sulaiman (1995), di nahwu al asri, digunakan sebagai teori referensi dalam penelitian ini, sedangkan data diambil dari majalah Alo Indonesia edisi 104.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Arab memiliki 7 jenis bentuk atau Perubahan pola yang melanggar aturan wazan. Perubahan pola semacam ini menjadi faktor pembatas bagi generasi pola sebenarnya. Memang, pola ini adalah pola yang sering digunakan secara produktif. Dalam istilah bahasa Arab, pola tersebut dikenal sebagai qawa idul I\u27lal. Mereka adalah (1) i`la: l bi al-qalb, ada dalam 124 kata, (2) i`la: l bi al-hadf, ada dalam 56 kata, (3) i\u27la: l bi al-taskin adalah dalam 9 kata, (4) i`la: l bi al-naql ada dalam 21 kata, (5) i`la: l bi al-naql wa al-qalb ada dalam 27 kata, dan (6) i`la : l bi al-naql wa al-hadf, ada dalam 10 kata, dan juga (7) \u27i`la: l bi al-naql wa al-qalb wa al-hadf ada dalam 1 kata. Kata Kunci – Kata dan Paradigma, Morfologi, Produktivitas, Pemblokiran, I\u27la

Sifat Fisiko Kimia Minyak Kilemo (Litsea Cubeba) Asal Kuningan, Jawa Barat

Hutan di Indonesia kaya dengan jenis tumbuhan penghasil minyak atsiri, salah satunya adalah tumbuhan kilemo (Litsea cubeba). Hampir semua bagian tumbuhan kilemo bisa menghasilkan minyak atsiri.Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penyulingan terhadap bagian daun dan kulit batang tumbuhan kilemo yang berasal dari Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Penyulingan dilakukan dengan metode kukus dan rebus, serta waktu penyulingan 6 dan 8 jam.Hasil penyulingan menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak tertinggi dihasilkan dari penyulingan daun yang disuling dengan metode kukus selama 8 jam. Rendemen minyak dari daun secara visual lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan rendemen minyak dari kulit batang. Dari analisis minyak diperoleh sifat berat jenis, putaran optik, bilangan asam, bilangan ester dan komponen kimia secara visual berbeda antara minyak dari daun dan minyak dari kulit batang. Sedangkan indeks bias dan kelarutan dalam alkohol kedua minyak dari daun maupun dari kulit batang memiliki sifat yang sama

Yield Stability and Adaptability of Aromatic New Plant Type (NPT) Rice Lines

Aromatic new plant type (NPT) rice lines were selected to obtain high yielding and aromatic lines. The objectives of the research were to study the yield stability and adaptability of 35 NPTrice lines across different environment, with Ciherang and Sintanur as check varieties. The lines planted at two locations, Bogor and Pusakanagara in two seasons (2009 dry and wet seasons, DS-WS). The experiment used randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications. The 21-day-old seedlings were planted with spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm, with a plot size of 2 m x 5 m. Yield stability and adaptability were estimated by using coeffi cient regression (bi) and general mean of yield by Finlay-Wilkinson method. Combined analysis of variance showed that lines (G), environment (E), and the G x E interaction were signifi cantly different. Lines showed different stability and adaptability . Several lines yielded higher than Ciherang variety . Nine lines were classifi edasstable and widely adapted at the marginal environment, i.e IPB 116-F-3-1, IPB 117-F-4-1, IPB-117-F-14-2, IPB-117-F-15-2, IPB-117-F-17-5, IPB 140-F-1-1, 140-F-IPB, 2-1, IPB 140-F-3, and IPB 149-F-2. Lines IPB 113-F-2, IPB 140-F-4, IPB 140-F-6, IPB 140-F-7, and B11738-MR-Si-1-2-1-2 were not stable and adapted only in optimum environmental condition (bi &gt; 1) while IPB 116-F-46-1, IPB-117-F 17-4, IPB-117-F 18-3 and B11955-MR-84-1-4 has the value of bi &lt; 1 or adaptable to marginal environments

Estimation of Genetic Parameter in New Plant Type Aromatic Rice Lines

Information on genetic variability and heritability of plant characters is important to support the rice selection program. A study was conducted to determine the genetic variability of characters and grain yields of 35 New Plant Type Rice Lines (NPTR) under two different environments, with varieties Ciherang and Sintanur as checks. The trials were conducted at two locations (Bogor and Pusakanagara, West Java) during dry season (DS) 2009 and wet season (WS) of 2009/2010. Each trial was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Twenty one day-old rice seedlings of each entry were planted in 2 m x 5 m plots at a 20 cm x 20 cm plant spacing, one seedling per hill. Results of the combined analysis showed that strains, environments, and its interaction was significantly affecting the whole characters of NPTR. High variabilities were observed on genetic, heritability, and genetic advance characters among the new rice type lines, particularly on the number of productive tillers, total number of grains per panicle, and total grain yield. These three characters were positively correlated with rice grain yield, and could be used as indicators for superior lines

Peran Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen untuk Mengurangi Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen Anorganik pada Padi Sawah

The availability of nitrogen in soil is one of the limiting factors to support growth and rice productivity. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria have ability to utilize air nitrogen so it becomes available in the soil. The use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria could potentially reduce application of nitrogen fertilizer. The aim of the experiment was to determine the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in reducing inorganic N fertilizer on lowland rice. The research was conducted in April-August 2012 at the plastic house of Babakan Sawah Baru Experimental Station, IPB. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with two factors, namely nitrogen fertilizer and type of bacteria. The dosage of N fertilizer (urea), i.e. 0, 50, 75 and 100 kg N ha-1. The types of bacteria, i.e. without bacteria, Azotobacter-like, Azospirillum-like, and consortium. The result of the experiment showed that N fertilization significantly affected to all variables except the percentage of empty grains per panicle, 1,000 grain weight, and N content of plant. The types of bacteria significantly affected to root dry weight, number of filled grain per panicle, greenness of leaf, uptake and content of nitrogen (shoot and grain), grain weight per plot. Consortium of bacteria were capable to reduce 25% the use of inorganic N fertilizer from recommendation doses (100 kg N ha-1) that based on the value of agronomic effectiveness