Association between copper deficiency and DNA damage in cattle

Cattle hypocuprosis is the second most widespread mineral deficiency affecting grazing cattle. The consequences of hypocuprosis include a failure of copper metalloenzymes, many of which form part of the antioxidant defence system. This work focuses on the association between copper (Cu) plasma concentration and DNA damage in Aberdeen Angus cattle. Two-hundred and ninety-nine heparinized blood samples from 2-year-old Aberdeen Angus cows were obtained from different farms located in the Salado River basin, Argentina. Plasma copper level analysis was carried out in whole samples, while cytogenetic analysis and single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) were carried out in 82 and 217 samples, respectively. Cytogenetic analysis showed a significant increase in the frequency of abnormal metaphases in moderate/severe hypocupremic groups (groups B and C) in relation to the normocupremic group (group A) (4.5 and 1.5 abnormal metaphases/100 cells, respectively, P < 0.01). The Spearman correlation test showed a negative association between cupremic values and the yield of chromosomal aberrations (r = -0.708, P < 0.0001). In the comet assay greater migration was observed in cells from the hypocupremic group, from a median of 54 in the severe hypocupremic group to 31 in the normocupremic group (P < 0.01). Accordingly, the Spearman correlation test showed a significant positive relationship between copper levels and cells without DNA migration and a significant negative relationship between copper levels and cells with a tiny tail (P < 0.0001 in both cases). The results obtained show that hypocupremia in cattle is associated with an increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations as well as in DNA migration as assessed by the comet assay. Whereas the comet assay could differentiate copper plasma level groups, chromosomal aberrations only detected differences between normal and hypocupremic animals. The increase of DNA damage found in hypocupremic animals could be explained by higher oxidative stress suffered by these animals.Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasInstituto de Genética Veterinari

Assessment of Treatment Response after Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) for Appendiceal Peritoneal Metastases

Background The aim of this study was to analyse survival and surrogates for oncological response after PIPAC for appendiceal tumours. Methods This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with appendiceal peritoneal metastases (PM) treated in experienced PIPAC centers. Primary outcome measure was overall survival (OS) from the date of diagnosis of PM and from the start of PIPAC. Predefined secondary outcome included radiological response (RECIST criteria), repeat laparoscopy and peritoneal cancer index (PCI), histological response assessed by the Peritoneal regression grading system (PRGS) and clinical response. Results Final analysis included 77 consecutive patients (208 PIPAC procedures) from 15 centres. Median OS was 30 months (23.00&ndash;46.00) from time of diagnosis and 19 months (13.00&ndash;28.00) from start of PIPAC. 35/77 patients (45%) had &ge;3 procedures (pp: per protocol). Objective response at PIPAC3 was as follows: RECIST: complete response 4 (11.4%), 11 (31.4%) partial/stable; mean PRGS at PIPAC3: 1.8 &plusmn; 0.9. Median PCI: 21 (IQR 18&ndash;27) vs. 22 (IQR 17&ndash;28) at baseline (p = 0.59); 21 (60%) and 18 (51%) patients were symptomatic at baseline and PIPAC3, respectively (p = 0.873). Median OS in the pp cohort was 22.00 months (19.00&ndash;NA) from 1st PIPAC. Conclusion Patients with PM of appendiceal origin had objective treatment response after PIPAC and encouraging survival curves call for further prospective evaluation

Association between copper deficiency and DNA damage in cattle

Cattle hypocuprosis is the second most widespread mineral deficiency affecting grazing cattle. The consequences of hypocuprosis include a failure of copper metalloenzymes, many of which form part of the antioxidant defence system. This work focuses on the association between copper (Cu) plasma concentration and DNA damage in Aberdeen Angus cattle. Two-hundred and ninety-nine heparinized blood samples from 2-year-old Aberdeen Angus cows were obtained from different farms located in the Salado River basin, Argentina. Plasma copper level analysis was carried out in whole samples, while cytogenetic analysis and single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) were carried out in 82 and 217 samples, respectively. Cytogenetic analysis showed a significant increase in the frequency of abnormal metaphases in moderate/severe hypocupremic groups (groups B and C) in relation to the normocupremic group (group A) (4.5 and 1.5 abnormal metaphases/100 cells, respectively, P < 0.01). The Spearman correlation test showed a negative association between cupremic values and the yield of chromosomal aberrations (r = -0.708, P < 0.0001). In the comet assay greater migration was observed in cells from the hypocupremic group, from a median of 54 in the severe hypocupremic group to 31 in the normocupremic group (P < 0.01). Accordingly, the Spearman correlation test showed a significant positive relationship between copper levels and cells without DNA migration and a significant negative relationship between copper levels and cells with a tiny tail (P < 0.0001 in both cases). The results obtained show that hypocupremia in cattle is associated with an increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations as well as in DNA migration as assessed by the comet assay. Whereas the comet assay could differentiate copper plasma level groups, chromosomal aberrations only detected differences between normal and hypocupremic animals. The increase of DNA damage found in hypocupremic animals could be explained by higher oxidative stress suffered by these animals.Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasInstituto de Genética Veterinari

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Energy vessel sealing systems versus mechanical ligature of the inferior mesenteric artery in laparoscopic sigmoidectomy

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El papel de la universidad en el desarrollo

Los artículos que integran este libro se proponen conocer la manera en que las instituciones universitarias se han planteado (o no) su incidencia en el desarrollo regional, profundizando, a partir de la presentación de casos, en los vínculos que se establecen con base en sus actividades docentes, de investigación y de extensión. El libro está integrado por artículos de estudiosos de diferentes países; en ellos, los autores analizan, reflexionan y nos ofrecen un panorama en el que se abordan temas centrales en el quehacer cotidiano de las universidades considerando el papel que éstas juegan en el desarrollo de los países de América Latina

Surgical Gastrostomy in Delayed Emergency: Indications, Morbidity and Mortality in 293 Patients from a Single Center Experience

International audiencePurpose: Monocentric retrospective 5-years study evaluation of indications and morbi-mortality rates of surgical gastrostomies.Methods: 293 patients under went surgical gastrostomy according to the Witzel technique. Age, gender, indication, type of anesthesia, complications and 30-days mortality were analyzed. Complications were detailed according to type minor (tube site infection, gastric tube removal, obstruction, breakage or leakage, intra-abdominal displacement, parietal hematoma) or major (gastric bleeding, aspiration pneumonia, gastroesophageal reflux, peristomal hernia, peritonitis, digestive perforation, incisional hernia), time of occurrence early (≤ 30 days) or late (> 30 days) and Dindo-Clavien's classification.Results: Mean age was 63-years-old. Gastrostomies were performed for enteral nutrition or gastric decompression in 85% and 15% of cases respectively. The main indications were neurological pathologies (48%), and tumors (oto-rhino-laryngeal tumors (17%), lung tumors (8%), peritoneal carcinomatosis (8%), other digestive cancers (5%), urological cancers (2%), and various abdominal diseases (12%)). Overall mortality at 30-days was 16.3%. Sixty-nine (23.5%) complications occurred, with 13.6% minor and 9.8% major complications. According to Dindo-Clavien's classification, complication were graded respectively in 1-2 (66%), 3(22%) and 4-5 (12%). Patients with the highest mortality rates at 30 days were patients with a complication or procedural failure after endoscopic or radiological gastrostomy (20%), patients with lung tumor (50%), patients with airway pathology (18.9%) and patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis requiring a gastric decompression (16.7%).Conclusion: This single-center experience gives an overview of the results after surgical gastrostomies in delayed emergency. The high morbi-mortality in some groups must challenge the surgical choice versus other endoscopic and radiological procedures, by evaluating the risk to benefit ratio for critically ill patients, taking into account short-term outcome and quality of life

Internal biliary stenting in liver transplantation

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