'If you can reach that point of almost nonchalance in playing, that's a different level of creativity again'

John Bell talks to Peter Clarke about acting, King Lear and the Bell Shakespeare Company.</p

Combatting sectarianism from the ground up: The Northern Irish Green and White Army and the football carnival

This paper draws upon participant observation data conducted before and after all 10 qualifying matches for the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship to explore the dynamics underpinning the Northern Irish Green and White Army (GAWA) football carnival. Supplemented by interviews with Northern Ireland fans themselves and informed by the dramaturgical perspectives of Erving Goffman, the paper contends that the anti-sectarian ‘norms’ of GAWA football fandom are dominant in public spaces before matches when the GAWA ‘performance team’ are visible to one another and their audience within a geographically circumscribed space. In a post-match evening context however, various ‘cliques’ of supporters enact their own social rules within a ‘back-stage’ environment of more relaxed peer-to-peer surveillance. These at times transgress the established norms of GAWA fan behaviour. The paper acknowledges that inappropriate supporter behaviour, even within small groups, can damage the wider image of football teams and their supporters in ‘impression management’ terms. But rather than imposing top-down ‘solutions’ which are often devised with limited input from supporters, we suggest that football governing bodies, associations and clubs should look to work in partnership with supporters to identify creative ways in which supporters can be resourced to proactively become ‘norm entrepreneurs’ and challenge inappropriate behaviour from within

Building heating consumptions under present and future climate scenarios

Legacy description not available</p

Combatting sectarianism from the ground up: The Northern Irish Green and White Army and the football carnival

This paper draws upon participant observation data conducted before and after all 10 qualifying matches for the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship to explore the dynamics underpinning the Northern Irish Green and White Army (GAWA) football carnival. Supplemented by interviews with Northern Ireland fans themselves and informed by the dramaturgical perspectives of Erving Goffman, the paper contends that the anti-sectarian ‘norms’ of GAWA football fandom are dominant in public spaces before matches when the GAWA ‘performance team’ are visible to one another and their audience within a geographically circumscribed space. In a post-match evening context however, various ‘cliques’ of supporters enact their own social rules within a ‘back-stage’ environment of more relaxed peer-to-peer surveillance. These at times transgress the established norms of GAWA fan behaviour. The paper acknowledges that inappropriate supporter behaviour, even within small groups, can damage the wider image of football teams and their supporters in ‘impression management’ terms. But rather than imposing top-down ‘solutions’ which are often devised with limited input from supporters, we suggest that football governing bodies, associations and clubs should look to work in partnership with supporters to identify creative ways in which supporters can be resourced to proactively become ‘norm entrepreneurs’ and challenge inappropriate behaviour from within

Combatting sectarianism from the ground up: The Northern Irish Green and White Army and the football carnival

This paper draws upon participant observation data conducted before and after all 10 qualifying matches for the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship to explore the dynamics underpinning the Northern Irish Green and White Army (GAWA) football carnival. Supplemented by interviews with Northern Ireland fans themselves and informed by the dramaturgical perspectives of Erving Goffman, the paper contends that the anti-sectarian ‘norms’ of GAWA football fandom are dominant in public spaces before matches when the GAWA ‘performance team’ are visible to one another and their audience within a geographically circumscribed space. In a post-match evening context however, various ‘cliques’ of supporters enact their own social rules within a ‘back-stage’ environment of more relaxed peer-to-peer surveillance. These at times transgress the established norms of GAWA fan behaviour. The paper acknowledges that inappropriate supporter behaviour, even within small groups, can damage the wider image of football teams and their supporters in ‘impression management’ terms. But rather than imposing top-down ‘solutions’ which are often devised with limited input from supporters, we suggest that football governing bodies, associations and clubs should look to work in partnership with supporters to identify creative ways in which supporters can be resourced to proactively become ‘norm entrepreneurs’ and challenge inappropriate behaviour from within

Effect of Inorganic Iodides on Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

In this work, we investigate the effect of iodides based on a variety of cations (Mn+) in an electrolyte system composed of 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (0.6 M) and methoxypropionitrile on the photocurrent density−voltage (J−V) characteristics and the kinetics process of electron transfer/transport of corresponding dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). It is observed that the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte is reduced slightly after introduction of Mn+-based iodides. The investigation of the performance of DSCs as a function of Mn+ shows that the short-circuit photocurrent density, Jsc, linearly depends on the charge/radius ratio of Mn+ in the electrolyte up to 1.5 Å-1. Beyond this value, Jsc asymptotically reaches saturation. The highest Jsc is obtained with an AlI3-based electrolyte. Open circuit voltage, Voc, is reduced after addition of monocations or trications into the electrolyte, whereas for dication-based iodides such as CaI2, Voc is increased. Electrochemical impedance spectra for the DSCs show that the charge-transfer resistance, Rct, related to the reaction between I3- and electrons at the Pt electrode/electrolyte interface, decreases with the cations displaying higher charge/radius ratio and with increasing cation concentrations in the electrolyte. An inverse dependence of Rct on logarithmic NaI concentrations is observed. Meanwhile, the resistance related to the electron back-transfer reactions from the dyed TiO2 to I3- in electrolyte, Rbr, is significantly influenced by the nature as well as the concentration of different cations. A maximum Rbr is observed with CaI2-based electrolyte, whereas AlI3-based electrolyte displays the lowest Rbr values, consistent with the variation of Voc as a function of Mn+. We explain that electrostatic interactions between cations in the electrolyte system and the TiO2 surface, and also with conduction band electrons, govern the electron injection efficiency and electron mobility in the nanostructured TiO2 film as well as the performance of the DSCs

Self-Care in the Twenty First Century: A Vital Role for the Pharmacist

<p><b>Article full text</b></p> <p><br></p> <p>The full text of this article can be found here<b>. </b><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12325-016-0395-5">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12325-016-0395-5</a></p><p></p> <p><br></p> <p><b>Provide enhanced content for this article</b></p> <p><br></p> <p>If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional enhanced content for your article then please contact <a href="http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/”mailto:[email protected]”"><b>[email protected]</b></a>.</p> <p><br></p> <p>The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content.</p> <p><br></p> <p>Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to:</p> <p><br></p> <p>• Slide decks</p> <p>• Videos and animations</p> <p>• Audio abstracts</p> <p>• Audio slides</p

Versatile Single-Layer Sodium Phosphidostannate(II): Strain-Tunable Electronic Structure, Excellent Mechanical Flexibility, and an Ideal Gap for Photovoltaics

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to study the structural, mechanical, electrical, optical properties, and strain effects in single-layer sodium phosphidostannate­(II) (NaSnP). We find the exfoliation of single-layer NaSnP from bulk form is highly feasible because the cleavage energy is comparable to graphite and MoS₂. In addition, the breaking strain of the NaSnP monolayer is comparable to other widely studied 2D materials, indicating excellent mechanical flexibility of 2D NaSnP. Using the hybrid functional method, the calculated band gap of single-layer NaSnP is close to the ideal band gap of solar cell materials (1.5 eV), demonstrating great potential in future photovoltaic application. Furthermore, strain effect study shows that a moderate compression (2%) can trigger indirect-to-direct gap transition, which would enhance the ability of light absorption for the NaSnP monolayer. With sufficient compression (8%), the single-layer NaSnP can be tuned from semiconductor to metal, suggesting great applications in nanoelectronic devices based on strain engineering techniques

Systemic Delivery, Selectivity, and Oncolytic Activity of <i>WR-delB18R</i> Virus

<div><p>(A) Immunocompetent (BALB/c) mice bearing JC tumors were treated via a single tail vein injection with 1 × 10⁸ PFU of vaccinia strains WR or <i>WR-delB18R</i>. Viral titer (PFU/g) in indicated tissues was determined by plaque assay after sacrifice of animals at indicated time points (<i>n</i> = 3 animals/time point).</p> <p>(B) Immunohistochemistry staining for vaccinia coat proteins in tumor tissue sections of animals treated as above and sacrificed 24 h after viral treatment (magnification 40×).</p> <p>(C) Survival of immunocompetent mice (C57/B6) bearing subcutaneous CMT-93 tumors and treated when tumors reached 50–100 mm³ with a single intratumoral (left) or intravenous (right) injection of <i>WR-delB18R</i> or PBS. Doses of 1 × 10⁴ (circles), 1 × 10⁶ (diamonds), or 1 × 10⁸ (triangles) PFU of virus or PBS controls (squares) were used (<i>n</i> = 5 mice/group; <i>p</i> = 0.0047 for intravenous injections).</p></div