Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands for diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer

<p><b>Introduction:</b> Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has become an attractive diagnostic and therapeutic target for small molecule ligands. Radionuclide-chelating ligands can be labeled with either ⁶⁸Ga for positron-emission-tomography (PET) or ¹⁷⁷Lu for radionuclide therapy.</p> <p><b>Areas covered:</b> In this literature review we evaluate the diagnostic value of ⁶⁸Ga PSMA PET/CT and the therapeutic potential of ¹⁷⁷Lu PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT) in patients with prostate cancer. ⁶⁸Ga PSMA PET/CT is more accurate than CT for nodal staging and superior to conventional imaging in patients with biochemical recurrence, translating into major changes in clinical management. The preliminary data for ¹⁷⁷Lu PSMA indicates >50% reduction of PSA levels in up to 59% of patients. Severe adverse events occurred <10% of patients after RLT.</p> <p><b>Expert commentary:</b> PSMA ligands for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose will significantly impact the management of patients with prostate cancer.</p

Supplementary Movie 2 from Discriminant Analysis of ¹⁸F-Fluorothymidine Kinetic Parameters to Predict Survival in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

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Supplementary Figures 1 - 5, Tables 1 - 3 from Discriminant Analysis of ¹⁸F-Fluorothymidine Kinetic Parameters to Predict Survival in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

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Supplementary Movie 1 from Discriminant Analysis of ¹⁸F-Fluorothymidine Kinetic Parameters to Predict Survival in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

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Supplementary Figure S6 from Investigating PSMA-Targeted Radioligand Therapy Efficacy as a Function of Cellular PSMA Levels and Intratumoral PSMA Heterogeneity

PSMA expression in tumors with different fractions of PSMA-positive cells and growth of untreated tumors in study 4.</p

Supplementary Figure S1 from Investigating PSMA-Targeted Radioligand Therapy Efficacy as a Function of Cellular PSMA Levels and Intratumoral PSMA Heterogeneity

Characteristics of the RM1 mouse model</p

Supplementary Figure S3 from Investigating PSMA-Targeted Radioligand Therapy Efficacy as a Function of Cellular PSMA Levels and Intratumoral PSMA Heterogeneity

PSMA expression is heterogenous in human PC</p

Supplementary Figure S4 from Investigating PSMA-Targeted Radioligand Therapy Efficacy as a Function of Cellular PSMA Levels and Intratumoral PSMA Heterogeneity

PSMA expression in tumors with different fractions of PSMA-positive cells (study 2)</p

Reproducibility of the 8 remaining HePs (see Table 3, type A), as the function of reconstruction settings (see in Table 1) and acquisition time.

<p>Reproducibility of the 8 remaining HePs (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0164113#pone.0164113.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>, type A), as the function of reconstruction settings (see in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0164113#pone.0164113.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>) and acquisition time.</p

Supplementary Figure S2 from Investigating PSMA-Targeted Radioligand Therapy Efficacy as a Function of Cellular PSMA Levels and Intratumoral PSMA Heterogeneity

Absolute tumor volumes and bodyweights</p