Baseline demographic and ocular characteristics.

<p>Baseline demographic and ocular characteristics.</p

Demographic and ocular characteristics of those with good outcome (BCVA 6/6-6/18) versus poor outcome (BCVA <6/18).

<p>Demographic and ocular characteristics of those with good outcome (BCVA 6/6-6/18) versus poor outcome (BCVA <6/18).</p

Visual acuity at follow-up visits.

<p>Visual acuity at follow-up visits.</p

Univariable and multivariable association of demographic, location and surgical factors with visual outcome at 4–11 weeks follow-up.

<p>Univariable and multivariable association of demographic, location and surgical factors with visual outcome at 4–11 weeks follow-up.</p

Demographic and ocular characteristics of those followed-up versus not followed-up at 4–11 Week Follow Up.

<p>Demographic and ocular characteristics of those followed-up versus not followed-up at 4–11 Week Follow Up.</p

Subnanometer Cu Clusters on Porous Ag Enhancing Ethanol Production in Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction

Controlling the electrochemical CO2 reduction process for multicarbon production is challenging. Ethanol is typically produced with lower selectivity compared to ethylene. In addition, ill-defined catalytic active sites and elusive mechanisms of C–C coupling further hinder the enhancement of ethanol generation. Here, we carefully regulated the quantity of the Cu atoms and deposited them onto a Ag inverse-opal structure (AgIOs) using the pulse-electrodeposition method. Subnanometer Cu clusters demonstrated a 2.5 times higher Faradaic efficiency for ethanol production compared to that for ethylene at −1.05 V vs RHE. Conversely, as the size of Cu increased to nanometers, ethylene became the dominant product. Excessive adsorption of CO on Cu clusters, which migrates from the Ag surface, is attributed to the improved ethanol production. Abundant Ag/Cu boundaries and adjacent spacing between Ag and Cu clusters may enhance the surface migration of CO. In contrast, the preferential site-selective CO adsorption on large Cu nanoparticles is associated with solution-mediated CO migration. Operando shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) revealed a high coverage of the CO on the Cu clusters. The initial intermediate *OCCOH by C–C coupling appeared for both Cu clusters and nanoparticles. However, Cu clusters accommodated more carbonaceous intermediates, highlighting the critical role of CO and intermediate coverages on Cu in ethanol production

Brush-Like Cobalt Nitride Anchored Carbon Nanofiber Membrane: Current Collector-Catalyst Integrated Cathode for Long Cycle Li–O₂ Batteries

To achieve a high reversibility and long cycle life for lithium–oxygen (Li–O₂) batteries, the irreversible formation of Li₂O₂, inevitable side reactions, and poor charge transport at the cathode interfaces should be overcome. Here, we report a rational design of air cathode using a cobalt nitride (Co₄N) functionalized carbon nanofiber (CNF) membrane as current collector-catalyst integrated air cathode. Brush-like Co₄N nanorods are uniformly anchored on conductive electrospun CNF papers via hydrothermal growth of Co­(OH)F nanorods followed by nitridation step. Co₄N-decorated CNF (Co₄N/CNF) cathode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with outstanding stability for over 177 cycles in Li–O₂ cells. During cycling, metallic Co₄N nanorods provide sufficient accessible reaction sites as well as facile electron transport pathway throughout the continuously networked CNF. Furthermore, thin oxide layer (<10 nm) formed on the surface of Co₄N nanorods promote reversible formation/decomposition of film-type Li₂O₂, leading to significant reduction in overpotential gap (∼1.23 V at 700 mAh g^–1). Moreover, pouch-type Li-air cells using Co₄N/CNF cathode stably operated in real air atmosphere even under 180° bending. The results demonstrate that the favorable formation/decomposition of reaction products and mediation of side reactions are hugely governed by the suitable surface chemistry and tailored structure of cathode materials, which are essential for real Li–air battery applications

Additional file 2: Figure S2. of Radiotherapy enhances natural killer cell cytotoxicity and localization in pre-clinical canine sarcomas and first-in-dog clinical trial

Validation of ALDH as a CSC Marker in Dog PDX Tumors. A. A dog sarcoma PDX tumor was allowed to grow to ~ 20 mm in maximal dimension. The tumor was then excised and digested into single cell suspension. B. Tumor cells were sorted by flow cytometry into ALDHbright and ALDHdim populations. 2 × 105 purified cells were implanted subcutaneously into contralateral flanks of NSG mice (N = 4) and allowed to grow. ALDHbright cells established tumors faster and were more rapidly fatal. * P < 0.05 via one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test. C. Representative photograph showing difference in tumor formation between ALDHbright and ALDHdim sarcoma PDX #465049 cells implanted subcutaneously in NSG mice. (TIFF 890 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Radiotherapy enhances natural killer cell cytotoxicity and localization in pre-clinical canine sarcomas and first-in-dog clinical trial

Canine Lymphokine Activated Killer Cells Respond to Human Cytokines and Can Target Dog Osteosarcoma Cells. Dog PBMCs were obtained from healthy dogs and laboratory beagles. Adherent lymphocytes were isolated by standard techniques and cultured with short term rhIL-12/15/18 for 24 h followed by co-culture with low dose rhIL-2 (100 IU/mL) for 7 days. Cells were assessed for expansion, viability, and cytotoxicity at various time points. A. From 4 donors, the mean number of ALAKs at day 0 was 12 × 106 ALAKs. After 7 days in culture, the mean number of recovered ALAKs was 23 ± 9.8 × 106 cells. B. After 7 days in culture, the mean fold expansion of ALAKs was 1.8 ± 0.3. C. Mean viability decreased from 97.7 ± 1.8% on day 0 to 92.3 ± 4.7% on day 7. D. Using PBMCs from a 4-year old healthy unknown breed, we observed that cytotoxicity against OSA-1 targets at day 7 was significantly greater after co-culture with recombinant human cytokines IL-12 (10 ng/mL), IL-15 (10 ng/mL), and IL-18 (10 ng/mL) compared to rhIL-2 alone (5000 IU/mL). E. Using ALAKS expanded with rhIL-12/15/18 from a healthy 7-year old Rat Terrier, we performed a 12–16 h killing assay at the indicated effector:target ratios with OSCA-32. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity was again observed. **** P < 0.0001 via one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test. (TIFF 104 kb