Analysis of variance for the effects of alkalinity stress (A) and rhizome connection (C) on the photosynthetic rate, water potential, root weight, rhizome length and rhizome buds of subsequent ramets.

<p>Note: <i>F</i>-values are shown for each variable followed by their respective significance levels.</p><p>*<i>P</i> < 0.05;</p><p>**<i>P</i> < 0.01;</p><p>***<i>P</i> <0.001;</p><p>^ns, <i>P</i> > 0.05.</p><p>Analysis of variance for the effects of alkalinity stress (A) and rhizome connection (C) on the photosynthetic rate, water potential, root weight, rhizome length and rhizome buds of subsequent ramets.</p

Analysis of variance for the effects of alkalinity stress (A), rhizome connection (C) and data (D) on the tiller number and height of subsequent ramets.

<p>Note: <i>F</i>-values are shown for each variable followed by their respective significance levels.</p><p>*<i>P</i> < 0.05;</p><p>**<i>P</i> < 0.01;</p><p>***<i>P</i> <0.001;</p><p>^ns, <i>P</i> > 0.05.</p><p>Analysis of variance for the effects of alkalinity stress (A), rhizome connection (C) and data (D) on the tiller number and height of subsequent ramets.</p

Effects of alkalinity stress and rhizome connection on a) root weight, b) rhizome length, c) bud number, d) photosynthetic rate and e) water potential of subsequent ramets.

<p>Bar groups with different capital letters indicate significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between the four levels of alkalinity in the rhizome-connected treatment. Bar groups with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between the four levels of alkalinity in the rhizome-severed treatment. Asterisks indicate significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between rhizome-connected and rhizome-severed treatments.</p

Analysis of variance for the effects of alkalinity stress (A) and rhizome connection (C) on the biomass of original and subsequent ramets and cost-benefit analysis.

<p>Note: <i>F</i>-values are shown for each variable followed by their respective significance levels.</p><p>*<i>P</i> < 0.05;</p><p>**<i>P</i> < 0.01;</p><p>***<i>P</i> <0.001;</p><p>^ns, <i>P</i> > 0.05.</p><p>Analysis of variance for the effects of alkalinity stress (A) and rhizome connection (C) on the biomass of original and subsequent ramets and cost-benefit analysis.</p

Effects of alkalinity stress and rhizome connection on a) the biomass of daughter and b) mother ramets, c) the total biomass of clonal organs and d) cost-benefits of clonal integration.

<p>Bar groups with different capital letters indicate significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between the four levels of alkalinity in the rhizome-connected treatment. Bar groups with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between the four levels of alkalinity in the rhizome-severed treatment. Asterisks indicate significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between rhizome-connected and rhizome-severed treatments.</p

Effects of alkalinity stress, rhizome connection and data on the tiller number and height of subsequent ramets.

<p>Solid lines with 0C, 60C, 180C and 300C represented 0/0, 0/60, 0/180 and 0/300 mmol L^-1 alkalinity levels in the rhizome-connected treatments, respectively; Dash lines with 0S, 60S, 180S and 300S represented 0/0, 0/60, 0/180 and 0/300 mmol L^-1 alkalinity levels in the rhizome-severed treatments, respectively.</p

Suitable areas of <i>Pennisetum alopecuroides</i> (L.) in different periods(×10⁴km²).

Suitable areas of Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) in different periods(×104km2).</p

Model performance under default and optimized settings.

Model performance under default and optimized settings.</p

Spatial distribution of suitable areas for different grades of <i>Pennisetum alopecuroides</i> (L.) under future climate scenarios.

Spatial distribution of suitable areas for different grades of Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) under future climate scenarios.</p

Modeling environment variables for potential geographic distribution of <i>Pennisetum alopecuroides</i> (L.).

Modeling environment variables for potential geographic distribution of Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.).</p