Zambia Signal Functions study 2016 dataset

This dataset contains information related to health facilities’ infrastructure, staffing, equipment, supplies, and capacity to perform various clinical functions related to reproductive and maternal health service provision. The study was conducted in Central Province, Zambia and its primary aim was to assess facilities’ capacity to provide termination of pregnancy services. EMBARGOED UNTIL 31st DEC 201

Economic Hydrophobicity Triggering of CO₂ Photoreduction for Selective CH₄ Generation on Noble-Metal-Free TiO₂–SiO₂

On the basis of the fact that the competitive adsorption between CO₂ and H₂O on the catalyst plays an important role in the CO₂ photoreduction process, here we develop an economic NH₄F-induced hydrophobic modification strategy to enhance the CO₂ competitive adsorption on the mesoporous TiO₂–SiO₂ composite surface via a simple solvothermal method. After the hydrophobic modification, the CO₂ photoreduction for the selective generation of CH₄ over the noble-metal-free TiO₂–SiO₂ composite can be greatly enhanced (2.42 vs 0.10 μmol/g in 4h). The enhanced CO₂ photoreduction efficiency is assigned to the rational hydrophobic modification on TiO₂–SiO₂ surface by replacing Si–OH to hydrophobic Si–F bonds, which will improve the CO₂ competitive adsorption and trigger the eight-electron CO₂ photoreduction on the reaction kinetics

Hydrophobic Carbon-Doped TiO₂/MCF‑F Composite as a High Performance Photocatalyst

A novel hydrophobic photocatalyst carbon-doped TiO₂/MCF-F was prepared by using silica mesoporous cellular foam (MCF) as host material, glucose as carbon source, and NH₄F as hydrophobic modifying agent. It was confirmed that titania nanoparticles were loaded in pore of MCF by XRD, N₂ sorption isotherms, and TEM. The loaded titania nanoparticles exhibited higher photocatalytic performance. UV–vis absorption spectra and XPS suggested carbon atoms were doped in the lattice of titania by replacing titanium atoms and narrowed the band gap so that visible light absorption and photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst were highly promoted. On the other hand, water contact angle measurement and XPS proved that the photocatalyst was endowed with hydrophobic property, which was caused by Si–F bonds. Carbon-doped TiO₂/MCF-F photocatalyst showed good adsorptive ability and photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation test of methyl orange under visible light

Mesoporous TiO₂ Nanocrystals Grown in Situ on Graphene Aerogels for High Photocatalysis and Lithium-Ion Batteries

TiO₂/graphene composites have been well studied as a solar light photocatalysts and electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Recent reports have shown that ultralight 3D-graphene aerogels (GAs) can better adsorb organic pollutants and can provide multidimensional electron transport pathways, implying a significant potential application for photocatalysis and LIBs. Here, we report a simple one-step hydrothermal method toward in situ growth of ultradispersed mesoporous TiO₂ nanocrystals with (001) facets on GAs. This method uses glucose as the dispersant and linker owing to its hierarchically porous structure and a high surface area. The TiO₂/GAs reported here exhibit a highly recyclable photocatalytic activity for methyl orange pollutant and a high specific capacity in LIBs. The strong interaction between TiO₂ and GAs, the facet characteristics, the high electrical conductivity, and the three-dimensional hierarchically porous structure of these composites results in highly active photocatalysis, a high rate capability, and stable cycling

Core–Shell Structural CdS@SnO₂ Nanorods with Excellent Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity for the Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol to Benzaldehyde

Core–shell structural CdS@SnO₂ nanorods (NRs) were fabricated by synthesizing SnO₂ nanoparticles with a solvent-assisted interfacial reaction and further anchoring them on the surface of CdS NRs under ultrasonic stirring. The morphology, composition, and microstructures of the obtained samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption. It was found that SnO₂ nanoparticles can be tightly anchored on the surface of CdS NRs, and the thickness of SnO₂ shells can be conveniently adjusted by simply changing the addition amount of SnO₂ quantum dots. UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrum indicated that SnO₂ shell layer also can enhance the visible light absorption of CdS NRs to a certain extent. The results of transient photocurrents and photoluminescence spectra revealed that the core–shell structure can effectively promote the separation rate of electron–hole pairs and prolong the lifetime of electrons. Compared with the single CdS NRs, the core–shell structural CdS@SnO₂ exhibited a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BA) to benzaldehyde (BAD) under visible light irradiation, attributed to the more efficient separation of electrons and holes, improved surface area, and enhanced visible light absorption of core–shell structure. The radical scavenging experiments proved that in acetonitrile solution, ·O₂– and holes are the main reactive species responsible for BA to BAD transformation, and the lack of ·OH radicals is favorable to obtaining high reaction selectivity

Brønsted Acid-Promoted Friedel–Crafts Alkylation/Cyclization of (7-Hydroxynaphthalenyl)pyrrole or (2-Hydroxyphenyl)pyrroles with Isatins for the Construction of Pyrrolospirooxindole Derivatives

An efficient trifluoroacetic acid-catalyzed cascade Friedel–Crafts alkylation/cyclization of 1-(7-hydroxynaphthalenyl)­pyrrole or 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)­pyrroles with isatins has been developed, providing practical access to a variety of biologically important pyrrole-containing spirooxindoles

Extraction and composition characterisation of amino acids from tung meal

<p>The most desirable content of amino acids (AAs) in the extracted products from tung (<i>Aleurites fordii</i>) meal was 93.88%, which was obtained from shelled tung meal at a hydrolysis temperature of 45°C and a isoelectric precipitation pH value of 4.4. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity of extracted AAs was also evaluated by MTT assay. Antioxidant activity of extracted AAs was also measured by the DPPH assay. As a result, the high yield of extracted AAs exhibited so low cytotoxic and high antioxidant activity that had the potential use as a functional ingredient.</p

Assembly of Diversely Substituted Quinolines via Aerobic Oxidative Aromatization from Simple Alcohols and Anilines

An aerobic oxidative aromatization of simple aliphatic alcohols and anilines under the Pd­(OAc)₂/2,4,6-Collidine/Brønsted acid catalytic system has been established, providing a direct approach for the preparation of diverse substituted quinoline derivatives in high yields with wide functional group tolerance. Practically, the protocol can be easily scaled up to gram-scale and was utilized in the concise formal synthesis of a promising herbicide candidate

Multifluorescently Traceable Nanoparticle by a Single-Wavelength Excitation with Color-Related Drug Release Performance

Monodisperse and nanometer-sized periodic mesoporous organosilicas co-doped with fluorescence resonance energy transfer cascades composed of triple fluorophores at various ratios were prepared. These nanoparticles exhibit multifluorescent emissions by a single-wavelength excitation and were designed for the application as multichannelly traceable drug carriers. Different from the hydrophilic framework of inorganic mesoporous silica and hydrophobic framework of mesoporous carbon, these multifluorescent nanoparticles have intrinsically different and finely tunable pore surface polarities governed by the type and amount of fluorophore inside the framework. When applied as drug carriers, they can achieve synchronous or asynchronous release of different drugs by simply choosing different colored nanoparticles. These colorful mesoporous composites with finely tunable color-related drug release performance provide a strong barcoding system for the potential applications of fluorescent nanoparticles in effective screening of drugs and therapeutic protocols for diseases