Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under salt stress.

The salt stress treatment was simulated by irrigating potted woodland strawberry plants with 100 mM NaCl. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p

Genome-wide identification and expression profile analysis of the NAC transcription factor family during abiotic and biotic stress in woodland strawberry

<div><p>The NAC transcription factors involved plant development and response to various stress stimuli. However, little information is available concerning the NAC family in the woodland strawberry. Herein, 37 <i>NAC</i> genes were identified from the woodland strawberry genome and were classified into 13 groups based on phylogenetic analysis. And further analyses of gene structure and conserved motifs showed closer relationship of them in every subgroup. Quantitative real-time PCR evaluation different tissues revealed distinct spatial expression profiles of the <i>FvNAC</i> genes. The comprehensive expression of <i>FvNAC</i> genes revealed under abiotic stress (cold, heat, drought, salt), signal molecule treatments (H₂O₂, ABA, melatonin, rapamycin), biotic stress (<i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> and <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>). Expression profiles derived from quantitative real-time PCR suggested that 5 <i>FvNAC</i> genes responded dramatically to the various abiotic and biotic stresses, indicating their contribution to abiotic and biotic stresses resistance in woodland strawberry. Interestingly, <i>FvNAC</i> genes showed greater extent responded to the cold treatment than other abiotic stress, and H₂O₂ exhibited a greater response than ABA, melatonin, and rapamycin. For biotic stresses, 3 <i>FvNAC</i> genes were up-regulated during infection with <i>C</i>. <i>gloeosporioides</i>, while 6 <i>FvNAC</i> genes were down-regulated during infection with <i>R</i>. <i>solanacearum</i>. In conclusion, this study identified candidate <i>FvNAC</i> genes to be used for the genetic improvement of abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in woodland strawberry.</p></div

Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under drought stress.

The drought stress treatment was simulated by irrigating potted woodland strawberry plants with 200 mM mannitol. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p

Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under heat stress.

The heat stress treatment was performed by transferring the plants to a high temperature (40°C) for 4 h following recovery. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p

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Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in different organs of the woodland strawberry.

<p>The expression profiles were generated by qRT-PCR and visualized as heat map. The heat map was constructed using HemI 1.0 software. The color scale represents log2 expression values, with green indicates low expression and red indicates high expression.</p

Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under heat stress.

<p>The heat stress treatment was performed by transferring the plants to a high temperature (40°C) for 4 h following recovery. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p

Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under H₂O₂ stress.

<p>The H₂O₂ stress treatment was performed by spraying the woodland strawberry leaves with a solution containing 10 mM H₂O₂. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p

Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> infection.

<p>The <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> infection stress was performed by spraying the conidiospores (1×106 conidiospores/mL) to woodland strawberry leaves surface. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p

Expression profiles of <i>FvNAC</i> genes in leaves under melatonin stress.

<p>The melatonin stress treatment was performed by spraying the woodland strawberry leaves with a solution containing 0.5 mM melatonin. Log2 based values from cold stress of qRT-PCR data were used to create the heat map.</p