Data_Sheet_1_The TSN1 Binding Protein RH31 Is a Component of Stress Granules and Participates in Regulation of Salt-Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis.docx

Tudor staphylococcal nucleases (TSNs) are evolutionarily conserved RNA binding proteins, which include redundant TSN1 and TSN2 in Arabidopsis. It has been showed TSNs are the components of stress granules (SGs) and regulate plant growth under salt stress. In this study, we find a binding protein of TSN1, RH31, which is a DEAD-box RNA helicase (RH). Subcellular localization studies show that RH31 is mainly located in the nucleus, but under salinity, it translocates to the cytoplasm where it accumulates in cytoplasmic granules. After cycloheximide (CHX) treatment which can block the formation of SGs by interfering with mRNP homeostasis, these cytoplasmic granules disappeared. More importantly, RH31 co-localizes with SGs marker protein RBP47. RH31 deletion results in salt-hypersensitive phenotype, while RH31 overexpression causes more resistant to salt stress. In summary, we demonstrate that RH31, the TSN1 binding protein, is a component of plant SGs and participates in regulation of salt-stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.</p

Enhanced ultrafine multimode fiber imaging based on mode modulation through singular value decomposition

The utilization of multimode fibers (MMFs) displays significant potential for advancing the miniaturization of optical endoscopes. However, the imaging quality is constrained by the physical conditions of MMF, which is particularly serious in small-core MMFs because of the limited mode quantity. To break this limitation and enhance the imaging ability of MMF to the maximum, we propose a mode modulation method based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of MMF’s transmission matrix (TM). Before injection into the MMF, a light beam is modulated by the singular vectors obtained by SVD. Because the singular vectors reflect the transfer characteristics of MMF and selectively excite the modes of different orders, the optimal distribution of the excited modes in MMF can be achieved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the MMF imaging system to the greatest extent. We conducted experiments on the MMF system with 40 µm and 105 µm cores to verify this method. Deep learning is utilized for image reconstruction. The experimental results demonstrate that the properties of the output speckle pattern were customized through the selective excitation of optical modes in the MMF. By applying singular vectors for mode modulation, the imaging quality can be effectively improved across four different types of scenes. Especially in the ultrafine 40 µm core MMF, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) can be increased by up to 6.82 dB, and the structural similarity (SSIM) can be increased by up to 0.103, indicating a qualitative performance improvement of MMF imaging in minimally invasive medicine

Additional file 1 of Obesity-induced downregulation of miR-192 exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by promoting macrophage activation

Additional file 1. Sup Fig. 1. Decreased activity of miR-192 in HFD lungs. A Cumulative distribution curves represent miR-192 activity. A rightward shift of miR-192 targets (red) indicates a decrease in miR-192 activity (HFD vs. Control), n = 3. Statistical analysis was executed using a two-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. Sup. Fig 2. ARFGEF1 (BIG1) is a potential target of miR-192. A Potential targets of miR-192 were predicted by integrating results from three databases: TargetScan, miRDB, and miRWalk. B Conservation of the miR-192 target sequence in the ARFGEF1 3' UTR across different species, as well as the conservation of the miR-192 sequence itself among various species. Table S1. Patient Demographics & Clinical Characteristics. Table S2. Agomir and antagomir sequences used in this study. Table S3. Primers sequences for qRT-PCR used in this study