Causes and classification of EMD mode mixing

At present, the lack of insight into the problem of mode mixing in Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) hinders the development of solutions to the problem. Starting with the phenomenon that the EMD decomposition cannot be accomplished when the number of signal extrema is abnormal, the causes of mode mixing were investigated and the conclusion was reached that there are only two basic types of mode mixing. In light of this finding, the mechanisms of the three typical mode mixing solutions and their limitations were analyzed. It was found from the analysis process and results that the findings of this study regarding the causes and types of mode mixing were correct

Study of modal acoustic emission to monitor the impact damage in a composite plate

Based on the theory of modal acoustic emission, this paper describes a new method to determine whether a plate made of a composite material has been damaged following external impact. Using modal acoustic emission theory, the relationship between the Lamb-wave mode of acoustic emission and the force direction in the plate was analyzed. This relationship was then verified using a lead-break experiment. The Lamb-wave mode of the acoustic emission signals produced by the damage in the plate was investigated, and the criterion for assessing the impact damage was proposed. During the impact experiments, the proposed criterion was employed to monitor the impact damage of the plate. The results indicate that it is feasible to use acoustic emission signals to directly determine whether an impact had caused damage to the plate

Study on wound healing effect of low-carbon topical dressings with new green packaging

In order to verify the effect of the new green and low-carbon hydrogel dressing on promoting wound healing, this project applied a sodium alginate hydrogel dressing product containing Escherichia coli and taro toxin analgesic polypeptide (The specific ingredients of the dressing) to skin wounds in common rats. Effects of the hydrogel dressing on promoting skin wound healing was evaluated by observing the occurrence and frequency of behavioral changes in rats, observing wwhistological sections under a high-power microscope, changes in serum cytokine indicators, and Image J analysis of collagen fiber reconstruction ratios in tissue sections. Through comprehensive evaluation, it can be found that hydrogel dressing has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-infection effects on rat wound surface, and acts on promoting wound healing, promoting the formation of new blood vessels in the damaged skin tissue area, promoting the growth of granulation tissue, and promoting the reconstruction of collagen fibers in wound tissue

Sex Differences in the Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults Aged 45 Years and Older in Rural Areas of Northern China: A Cross-Sectional, Population-Based Study

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached epidemic proportions among adults worldwide, with China having the world's largest population of individuals with the disease. Although the consequences of low rates of awareness, treatment, and control of DM are understood, sex-related differences in these rates remain unknown. We assessed sex-related differences in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of DM in a low-income, rural population in China.Materials and Methods: Individuals ≥45 years old without cardiovascular disease were recruited into this study. The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of DM in both men and women were assessed after accounting for age, educational level, body mass index, and blood pressure.Results: A total of 3,725 participants (women, 58.8%) were included. A male preponderance in the prevalence of DM was found among individuals aged 45–54 years, whereas there was a female preponderance among patients aged 65–74 years and among those who were illiterate. Among individuals with >6 years of formal education, overweight individuals, and normotensive individuals, there was greater DM awareness among women than among men. There was also a higher DM treatment rate among overweight women than among overweight men. However, better disease control was observed among men than among women for individuals aged 55–64-years, those with 1–6 years of education, and those with stage II hypertension.Conclusions: These results suggest that DM awareness should be improved among men and that regular DM screening should be implemented for men, especially young men. In addition, disease education and management should be strengthened for elderly women, especially those with low levels of education. Further studies are necessary to explore this situation among a representative population sample in China in order to establish a valid protocol against DM

Efficient Health Data Transmission Method in a Wireless Body Area Network for Rural Elderly

The wireless body area network (WBAN) can monitor human physiological information for a long time and alleviate problems such as the imbalance of medical resources distribution and population aging. The complex human media may make data transmission unstable in wireless body area networks. A delay-tolerant WBAN opportunity transmission method based on human data priority was studied. In this method, the historical states between links are recorded by a sliding window. Then, the link stability is measured by a prediction function. At the same time, considering the heterogeneity of the data in the body area network, transmission priority is assigned to different health data. Combined with residual energy, link stability, and distance, the transmission cost of the candidate set is calculated, and the node with the lowest expected transmission cost is selected as the next hop to improve the reliability of data transmission. The experimental results showed that this method includes the characteristics of opportunity routing and WBAN to transmit health data with lower delay and higher efficiency than previous methods

Efficient Health Data Transmission Method in a Wireless Body Area Network for Rural Elderly

The wireless body area network (WBAN) can monitor human physiological information for a long time and alleviate problems such as the imbalance of medical resources distribution and population aging. The complex human media may make data transmission unstable in wireless body area networks. A delay-tolerant WBAN opportunity transmission method based on human data priority was studied. In this method, the historical states between links are recorded by a sliding window. Then, the link stability is measured by a prediction function. At the same time, considering the heterogeneity of the data in the body area network, transmission priority is assigned to different health data. Combined with residual energy, link stability, and distance, the transmission cost of the candidate set is calculated, and the node with the lowest expected transmission cost is selected as the next hop to improve the reliability of data transmission. The experimental results showed that this method includes the characteristics of opportunity routing and WBAN to transmit health data with lower delay and higher efficiency than previous methods

How Human Activities Affect Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil and Sediment in a Long-Term Reclaimed Area of the Liaohe River Delta, North China

Heavy metal pollution in soils and sediments is becoming a matter of wide concern, this study was carried out in Dawa County of the Liaohe River Delta, with the aim of exploring the impacts of land use levels on heavy metal contamination of soil and sediment. A total of 129 soil samples were collected in different land use intensities (LUI). Soil metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) and soil salinity, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), available phosphorus (AP) and grain sizes were analyzed. Correlation analysis indicated that SOC and grain size played important roles in affecting the heavy metal distribution. The factor analysis results indicated that heavy metal contamination was most probably caused by industrial and agricultural wastewater discharges, domestic sewage discharge and atmospheric deposition. Using ANOVA, it found that human activities significantly changed soil physic-chemical properties through soil erosion, leaching and fertilizer application, further affecting the behaviors of heavy metals in the soil and sediments. The anthropogenic factors could lead to potential environmental risk, as indicated by the Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) results of heavy metals. Overall, the heavy metals generally had approached or even exceeded moderately polluted (0 < Igeo < 1, 1 < Igeo < 2), but the Pb and Cu pollution level was low (Igeo < 0), and the Cd pollution level was moderately or strongly polluted (2 < Igeo < 3, 3 < Igeo < 4) in the five land use levels. This study will provide valuable information for appropriately determining how land should be used in future reclamation areas, as well as for the sustainable management of estuarine areas around the world