EMD decomposition principle.

EMD decomposition principle.</p

Comparison of accuracy and feature dimension under different methods based on tree.

Comparison of accuracy and feature dimension under different methods based on tree.</p

Evolution of Sulfur Species on Titanium Ore Modified Activated Coke during Flue Gas Desulfurization

This study aimed to investigate the evolution of sulfur species on titanium ore, Fe₂O₃, and TiO₂ modified activated coke (i.e., TOAC, FeAC, and TiAC) during the flue gas desulfurization process. The results showed that TOAC, FeAC, and TiAC displayed better desulfurization performance than a blank sample, with the highest sulfur capacity for TOAC at 209.4 mg g^–1. With desulfurization time, the ratios of the adsorbed-S and other-S on activated coke decreased gradually, while those of the water-soluble sulfate increased significantly. The water-soluble sulfate was the main desulfurization product, which accounted for 66.1%, 78.4%, and 76.6% of total removed SO₂ for FeAC, TiAC, and TOAC at breakthrough time, respectively. The production of water-soluble sulfate could be related to the decrease of CO groups and the increase of C–O groups. Meanwhile, the produced water-soluble sulfate covered the active sites (i.e., functional groups, TiO₂, and Fe₂O₃) on activated coke, resulting in the decrease of the adsorption and oxidation of SO₂. Higher sulfur capacity of TOAC could be attributed to the synergistic effects between Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂ on TOAC. TiO₂ can serve as an oxygen carrier and promote the transfer of oxygen molecules to oxidize SO₂, while Fe₂O₃ was transformed into Fe₂(SO₄)₃

The average classification accuracy versus the number of top-ranking features selected by mRMR, KCCAmRMR, QPFS, MIC and Tree and RFECV using RF classifier from our Lab data.

The average classification accuracy versus the number of top-ranking features selected by mRMR, KCCAmRMR, QPFS, MIC and Tree and RFECV using RF classifier from our Lab data.</p

Comparison of accuracy and feature dimension under different methods based on RFECV.

Comparison of accuracy and feature dimension under different methods based on RFECV.</p

The flowchart based on EMD with adaptive reconstruction.

The flowchart based on EMD with adaptive reconstruction.</p

Overall method flow chart.

Overall method flow chart.</p

Correlation and RMSE of IMFs of heart sound.

(a) Correlation and RMSE of IMF of AS, MS, MR, MVP; (b) Correlation and RMSE of IMFs of ASD, VSD, TOF&NHS.</p

Comparison of accuracy and feature dimension under different methods based on KCCAmRMR.

Comparison of accuracy and feature dimension under different methods based on KCCAmRMR.</p

Comparison of results using Yaseen database.

Comparison of results using Yaseen database.</p