Pengaruh Kompetensi, Pengembangan Karir, Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan (Diklat) Terhadap Knerja Pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Perimbangan Keuangan

. The success of the organization in achieving its goals supported by factors internaland external to the organization, where the internal side of the organization should be get firstattention to achieve maximum performance. This study aims to determine the effect ofcompetency, career development and training on employee performance of the DirectorateGeneral of Fiscal Balance, Ministry of Finance. The method used is descriptive quantitative.The data used are primary data collected by questionnaire and also secondary data. Thepopulation in this study were all employees as many as 387 people. The samples are taken byrandom sampling technique, using the Slovin‟s formula to take 80 people for samples. Thevariables in this study consisted of independent variables that are competency, careerdevelopment and training, while the dependent variable is the performance of employees. Thevariable measured with Likert Scale and hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression byusing t test and F test.Results of this study concluded that: 1) in partially competency hadpositive and significant impact on employee performance; 2) in partially career developmentprovide uneffect on employee performance; 3) in partially training had positive andsignificant impact on employee performance; and 4) in simultaneously competency, careerdevelopment and training have positive and significant impact on employee performance.Competency is the most influence variable on employee performance

Asymmetric Arylation of 2,2,2-Trifluoroacetophenones Catalyzed by Chiral Electrostatically-Enhanced Phosphoric Acids

A series of highly reactive metal-free chiral phosphoric acids possessing positively charged phosphonium ion substituents are reported and have been applied to Friedel–Crafts alkylations of indoles and 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl aryl ketones. These catalysts are orders-of-magnitude more active and have similar or better enantioselectivities than their noncharged analogues. High tolerance to a range of substrates with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents was also observed

The Nature of Electron Mobility in Hybrid Perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃

CH₃NH₃PbI₃ is one of the most promising candidates for cheap and high-efficiency solar cells. One of its unique features is the long carrier diffusion length (>100 μm), but its carrier mobility is rather modest. The nature of the mobility is unclear. Here, using nonadiabatic wave function dynamics simulations, we show that the random rotations of the CH₃NH₃ cations play an important role in the carrier mobility. Our previous work showed that the electron and hole wave functions were localized and spatially separated due to the random orientations of the CH₃NH₃ cations in the tetragonal phase. We find that the localized carriers are able to conduct random walks due to the electrostatic potential fluctuation caused by the CH₃NH₃ random rotations. The calculated electron mobilities are in the experimentally measured range. We thus conclude that the carrier mobility of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ is likely driven by the dynamic disorder that causes the fluctuation of the electrostatic potential

Electrostatically Enhanced Phosphoric Acids: A Tool in Brønsted Acid Catalysis

A novel type of phosphoric acid catalyst with enhanced reactivity is reported. These compounds possess one or two positively charged centers which electrostatically activate them. This is illustrated in several bond-forming transformations including Friedel–Crafts and Diels–Alder reactions as well as a ring-opening polymerization. Rate accelerations corresponding to orders of magnitude are observed

Nanoscale Charge Localization Induced by Random Orientations of Organic Molecules in Hybrid Perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃

Perovskite-based solar cells have achieved high solar-energy conversion efficiencies and attracted wide attentions nowadays. Despite the rapid progress in solar-cell devices, many fundamental issues of the hybrid perovskites have not been fully understood. Experimentally, it is well-known that in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ the organic molecules CH₃NH₃ are randomly orientated at the room temperature, but the impact of the random molecular orientation has not been investigated. Because of the dipole moment of the organic molecule, the random orientation creates a novel system with long-range potential fluctuations unlike alloys or other conventional disordered systems. Using linear scaling ab initio methods, we find that the charge densities of the conduction band minimum and the valence band maximum are localized in nanoscales due to the potential fluctuations. The charge localization causes electron–hole separation and reduces carrier recombination rates, which may contribute to the long carrier lifetime observed in experiments

A Novel One-Pot Route for Large-Scale Synthesis of Novel Magnetic CNTs/Fe@C Hybrids and Their Applications for Binary Dye Removal

Novel magnetic CNTs/Fe@C was prepared via an easy and one-pot method with a high specific surface area (186.3 m²/g) and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra, etc., and it was used for dye removal. Adsorption experiments showed significant differences between single and binary dye systems. The initial adsorption capacities to methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and neutral red (NR) were 132.58, 16.53, and 98.81 mg/g, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 80, 40, and 10 min, respectively. The MB-MO dye system showed a cooperative adsorption. Its adsorption capacities increased by 30% and 35%, and equilibrium time decreased by 25% and 50%, whereas the MB-NR system presented a competitive adsorption. Its adsorption capacities decreased by 20% and 33%, and its equilibrium time was elongated 2-fold. Various isotherms and kinetic models were used to fit the data and investigate the adsorption processes as well as mechanisms. Interactions between dyes in the solution and their adsorption mechanisms onto CNTs/Fe@C were also studied through Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectra, and zeta potential. This study indicated that CNTs/Fe@C can be used as a promising adsorbent for large-scale applications, and cooperative and competitive adsorption in binary dye systems has an influence upon the adsorption process, which can help address dye pollution efficiently

Manipulating and Dispensing Micro/Nanoliter Droplets by Superhydrophobic Needle Nozzles

There is rapidly increasing research interest focused on manipulating and dispensing tiny droplets in nanotechnology and biotechnology. A micro/nanostructured superhydrophobic nozzle surface is one promising candidate for the realization of tiny droplet manipulating applications. Here, we explore the feasibility of using superhydrophobicity for guided dispensing of tiny water droplets. A facile dip-coating method is developed to prepare superhydrophobic needle nozzles (SNNs) based on commercial needle nozzles with reduced inner diameter. The SNNs can manipulate tiny droplets of different volumes by only changing the inner diameter of the nozzle, rather than reducing the nozzle size as a whole. Different from the previous electric-field-directed process or pyroelectrodynamic-driven technique, quasi-stable water drops down to the picoliter scale can be produced by SNNs without employing any extra driving mechanisms. Due to their intrinsic superhydrophobic nature, the SNNs also possess the properties of reducing sample liquid retention, improving sample volume transfer accuracy, and saving expensive reagents. In addition, this kind of dip-coating method can also be applied to micropipet tips, inkjet or bio-printer heads, <i>etc</i>. As the issues of reducing drop size and increasing drop volume accuracy are quite important in the laboratory and industry, this facile but effective superhydrophobic nozzle-coating method for manipulating tiny droplets could be of great help to make breakthroughs in next-generation liquid transport and biometric and inkjet printing devices

Representative images of morphological features in the retinal layer following laser burn injury in B6 mice.

<p>Tissue were embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Eye receiving sham laser injury shows intact retina and RPE layers (A). At 12–24 hr after the laser burns, INL and ONL begin to show structural disorganization with some photoreceptors loss (B – C). RPE monolayer was disrupted and pigmented cells were observed in the subretinal space (red arrow; C). On day 3, significant photoreceptors loss was observed in conjunction within the laser-injured area (D). No photoreceptor was found in the injury area at day 14 (E, indicated by blue arrows). The RPE monolayer reformed at the wounded area suggesting reformation of a new blood-retina barrier (F, indicated by red arrows). The scale bar for all images: 100 µm. Abbreviation: GCL, ganglion cell layer.</p

Manipulating and Dispensing Micro/Nanoliter Droplets by Superhydrophobic Needle Nozzles

There is rapidly increasing research interest focused on manipulating and dispensing tiny droplets in nanotechnology and biotechnology. A micro/nanostructured superhydrophobic nozzle surface is one promising candidate for the realization of tiny droplet manipulating applications. Here, we explore the feasibility of using superhydrophobicity for guided dispensing of tiny water droplets. A facile dip-coating method is developed to prepare superhydrophobic needle nozzles (SNNs) based on commercial needle nozzles with reduced inner diameter. The SNNs can manipulate tiny droplets of different volumes by only changing the inner diameter of the nozzle, rather than reducing the nozzle size as a whole. Different from the previous electric-field-directed process or pyroelectrodynamic-driven technique, quasi-stable water drops down to the picoliter scale can be produced by SNNs without employing any extra driving mechanisms. Due to their intrinsic superhydrophobic nature, the SNNs also possess the properties of reducing sample liquid retention, improving sample volume transfer accuracy, and saving expensive reagents. In addition, this kind of dip-coating method can also be applied to micropipet tips, inkjet or bio-printer heads, <i>etc</i>. As the issues of reducing drop size and increasing drop volume accuracy are quite important in the laboratory and industry, this facile but effective superhydrophobic nozzle-coating method for manipulating tiny droplets could be of great help to make breakthroughs in next-generation liquid transport and biometric and inkjet printing devices

Quantified gene expression in laser-injured retinas of B6 mice.

<p>Data are presented as fold increase over sham-treated eyes and normalized to expression of GAPDH. mRNA expression of c-Met, the cognate receptor for HGF, reached its peak value around 12 hr after the laser injury (A), while mRNA level of HGF peaked at 3 hr (B) (indicated by arrows in C, respectively). A hysteresis relationship was identified between the expression of c-Met and HGF (arrowheads, C). (D) Expression of phosphorylated c-Met (p-Met) did not show any significant change over time after laser application. Abbreviations: HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Con, control retinas received sham laser burns; IHC, immunohistochemical staining. *P<0.05 (Mann–Whitney U test, n = 5).</p