Automatic Design of Extractive Distillation Sequence for a Multicomponent Azeotropic System

The design of the distillation sequence for a multicomponent azeotrope system is often a difficult task depending on the residence curve map and visual analysis, and a systematic approach to address this issue is currently not available. This work proposes a novel method for the automatic design of the extractive distillation sequence. The automatic screening of entrainers for the multicomponent azeotrope system and the short-cut selection criteria for distillation sequences are combined with the automatic generation algorithm system for extractive distillation sequence selection, leading to the discovery of several most economical extractive distillation sequences for a specified multicomponent azeotropic system. The application of the proposed method is illustrated by two examples, a four-component system with four azeotropes and a six-component system with four azeotropes. Compared to the traditional approach, this proposed approach is especially useful for obtaining a promising extractive distillation sequence when multiple azeotropes exist in the system

Table_1_Influence of IOL Weight on Long-Term IOL Stability in Highly Myopic Eyes.pdf

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the influence of intraocular lens (IOL) weight on long-term IOL stability in highly myopic eyes.Materials and MethodsA total of 205 highly myopic cataract eyes of 205 patients implanted with the MC X11 ASP (Group A, 86 eyes) or 920H IOL (Group B, 119 eyes) were included in this retrospective study. Eyes were divided into 3 subgroups according to the IOL power: low (≥-5 to ResultsGroup B had a significantly greater IOL weight than Group A (Group B vs. Group A: 28.31 ± 2.01 mg vs. 25.71 ± 4.62 mg, P ConclusionsHigher IOL weight may lead to greater long-term IOL decentration in highly myopic eyes, while the haptic design may play a role in anterior capsular contraction.</p

Image_1_Distribution of Ocular Anterior and Posterior Segment Lengths Among a Cataract Surgical Population in Shanghai.TIF

Purpose: To investigate the distributions of the ocular anterior and posterior segment lengths among a cataract surgical population in Shanghai.Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: Ocular biometric parameters of 23,462 eyes of 23,462 cataract surgery candidates were reviewed. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT) were obtained using IOL Master. Anterior segment length (ASL = ACD + LT), posterior segment length (PSL = AL – ASL) and the ratio of ASL to PSL (ASL/PSL) were calculated.Results: The mean ASL was 7.58 ± 0.39 mm, the mean PSL was 17.12 ± 2.64 mm. As the age grew, the ASL increased, and PSL increased firstly then decreased. Male subjects tended to have significantly longer ASL and shorter PSL than female subjects. With the increasing AL, the ASL was firstly decreased to trough at 20–22 mm AL group, then increased gradually, while the PSL increased rapidly. The ASL correlated positively with AL in normal, moderate and highly myopic eyes, negatively in short eyes. The PSL correlated positively with AL across the entire study population. The ASL/PSL was not constant in the eyes with different AL but had a relatively steep downward trend with the increasing AL in the short eyes, then decreased smoothly in normal, moderate and highly myopic eyes.Conclusions: In Chinese cataractous eyes, longer ASL and shorter PSL were associated with elder age and male gender. The change of ASL over AL was not linear, and the ASL was smallest in the eyes with AL of 20–22 mm. The elongation of the eyeball was mainly due to the extension of the posterior segment.</p

Single-Chromophore-Based Therapeutic Agent Enables Green-Light-Triggered Chemotherapy and Simultaneous Photodynamic Therapy to Cancer Cells

A new type of single-chromophore-based photoactivatable prodrug (B-Cbl-3) enabling green-light-triggered chemotherapy and simultaneous photodynamic therapy with superb therapeutic efficacy was developed by conjugating a photoactive BODIPY derivative with an antitumor chlorambucil moiety. The optimized BODIPY moiety markedly enabled high efficient photogeneration of 1O2 and fluorescence emission with distinct colors before and after photorelease of chlorambucil. The preliminary biological experiment results have verified the efficient photorelease of chlorambucil from B-Cbl-3 and the huge contrast in cytotoxicity between them, superior combined therapeutic performance based on extraordinary low doses of drug and light irradiation, and ratiometric fluorescence imaging for in situ monitoring drug release. The salient superiority of B-Cbl-3 regarding alleviating the attenuation of triggering light caused by optically turbid tissue that short-wavelength lights typically encounters has also been verified

Interlayer Palladium-Single-Atom-Coordinated Cyano-Group-Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Performance

To improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of palladium-assisted graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), here, palladium-single-atom-coordinated cyano-group-rich g-C3N4 (Pd/DN-UCN) are synthesized, and the synthesis process includes copolymerization of urea-derived supramolecular aggregates and NH4Cl followed by wet impregnation. By combining powerful characteristic results and theoretical calculations, the formation mechanism of Pd single atoms on the ultrathin, mesoporous cyano-group-rich g-C3N4 nanosheets is proposed, highlighting that the Pd single atoms are firmly stabilized in the interlayers of g-C3N4 nanosheets caused by the combination of the physical confinement effect of ultrathin, mesoporous g-C3N4 nanosheets and coordination bonding of cyano groups with Pd atoms; additionally, Pd–N3 coordination in the Pd/DN-UCN heterojunctions is confirmed, in which one Pd atom coordinates with one N atom of the cyano group and two sp2-hybridized N atoms in the adjacent layer. The presence of cyano groups and Pd–N coordination in the Pd/DN-UCN induces a midgap state in the band structure of g-C3N4. At optimal Pd loading levels (0.16%), the synthesized 0.16%Pd/DN-UCN0.50 exhibits enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production activity as compared to electrostatically stabilized Pd single atoms on the “sixfold cavities” of g-C3N4, and apparent quantum yield values at the stationary point of the 0.16%Pd/DN-UCN0.50 concentration (1.2 g L–1) can reach up to 14.6, 15.8, 4.69, and 3.05% under monochromatic light irradiation at 365, 400, 450, and 550 nm, respectively. The cooperation of significantly boosted transfer of photoexcited electrons to atomically dispersed Pd sites via as-built interlayer Pd–N coordination delivery channels and the maximal Pd atom utilization efficiency dominates the enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of Pd/DN-UCN

MOFs-Based Nanoagent Enables Dual Mitochondrial Damage in Synergistic Antitumor Therapy via Oxidative Stress and Calcium Overload

Source data generated in this study for supplementart information have been provided as xls format.</p

Additional file 1 of Visual and patient-reported outcomes of a diffractive trifocal intraocular lens in highly myopic eyes: a prospective multicenter study

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and modulation transfer functions after implantation of the trifocal intraocular lens. Ocular and intraocular HOAs for 6 mm (a, b) and 4 mm (c, d) pupil diameters. Ocular and intraocular modulation transfer functions (MTF) at different spatial frequencies for 6 mm (e, f) and 4 mm (g, h) pupil diameters. RMS, root mean square; cpd, cycles per degree. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

Bismuth Tungstate–Silver Sulfide Z‑Scheme Heterostructure Nanoglue Promotes Wound Healing through Wound Sealing and Bacterial Inactivation

Rapid wound closure and bacterial inactivation are effective strategies to promote wound healing. Herein, a versatile nanoglue, bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6)–silver sulfide (Ag2S) direct Z-scheme heterostructure nanoparticles (BWOA NPs), was designed to accelerate wound healing. BWOA NPs’ hollow structure and rough surface could effectively close wound tissues acting as a barrier between external bacteria and the wound. More importantly, the unique Z-scheme heterostructure endows BWOA NPs with an effective electron and hole separating ability with potent redox potential, where electrons and holes could effectively react with water and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species, leading to a higher antibacterial activity against both endogenous and external bacteria at the wound site. A series of in vitro and in vivo biological assessments demonstrated that BWOA NPs could rapidly close wounds and promote wound healing. With sunlight irradiation, the inhibiting rates of BWOA NPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are 61.62 ± 2.85 and 73.40 ± 3.28%, respectively. Also, the wound healing rate in BWOA NP-treated mice is 25.90 ± 5.85% higher than PBS. This design provides a new effective strategy to promote bacterial inactivation and accelerate wound healing