198 research outputs found
Dynamic Mass Transfer of Hemoglobin at the Aqueous/Ionic-Liquid Interface Monitored with Liquid Core Optical Waveguide
Protein
transfer from aqueous medium into ionic liquid is an important
approach for the isolation of proteins of interest from complex biological
samples. We hereby report a solid-cladding/liquid-core/liquid-cladding
sandwich optical waveguide system for the purpose of monitoring the
dynamic mass-transfer behaviors of hemoglobin (Hb) at the aqueous/ionic
liquid interface. The optical waveguide system is fabricated by using
a hydrophobic IL (1,3-dibutylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, BBimPF<sub>6</sub>) as the core, and protein solution as one of the cladding
layer. UV–vis spectra are recorded with a CCD spectrophotometer
via optical fibers. The recorded spectra suggest that the mass transfer
of Hb molecules between the aqueous and ionic liquid media involve
accumulation of Hb on the aqueous/IL interface followed by dynamic
extraction/transfer of Hb into the ionic liquid phase. A part of Hb
molecules remain at the interface even after the accomplishment of
the extraction/transfer process. Further investigations indicate that
the mass transfer of Hb from aqueous medium into the ionic liquid
phase is mainly driven by the coordination interaction between heme
group of Hb and the cationic moiety of ionic liquid, for example,
imidazolium cation in this particular case. In addition, hydrophobic
interactions also contribute to the transfer of Hb
Additional file 1: of Relationship between serum uric acid level and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese community elderly
Appendix Tables (appendix Table S1 and S2). Multiple linear and logistic regression of SUA level for MMSE score and MCI prevalence for participants without cerebral vascular disease or without kidney diseases. We ascertained the association of SUA level with MMSE score and MCI prevalence in the sensitivity analysis (Appendix Table S1 and S2). When participants with cerebral vascular disease (n = 267, 12.7%) and kidney disease (n = 105, 5.0%) were excluded, the βs and ORs were similar with that in the Table 4 (all participants). (DOC 62 kb
Selective Adsorption and Efficient Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Medium with Graphene–Lanthanum Composite
A three-dimensional adsorbent, i.e.,
lanthanum oxide decorated
graphene composite (3D graphene–La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite), is prepared. The composite exhibits favorable adsorption
performance to phosphate, providing a sorption capacity of 82.6 mg
g<sup>–1</sup> at pH 6.2. The adsorption behavior for phosphate
fits the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics fit a pseudo-second-order
model, with rate constants of 0.1847 and 0.007 969 g mg<sup>–1</sup> min<sup>–1</sup> at phosphate concentrations
of 35 and 142 mg L<sup>–1</sup>, respectively. For the removal
of 25 mg L<sup>–1</sup> phosphate in 1.0 mL aqueous medium,
the commonly encountered anionic species in waters, e.g., Cl<sup>–</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>, and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>, pose no interfering effect at 8000 mg L<sup>–1</sup>, providing
a favorable removal efficiency of 100% by 2.0 mg of composite. When
142 mg L<sup>–1</sup> phosphate solution is treated, 100% and
>80% adsorption efficiencies are achieved respectively in the presence
of 1000 and 8000 mg L<sup>–1</sup> of Cl<sup>–</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>, and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>. The high tolerance capacity against coexisting anionic species
by the graphene–La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite makes
it suitable for water cleanup by selective and fast adsorption/removal
of phosphate
The Early Devonian Xitun Vertebrate Fauna in South China inhabited a shallow marine environment with changing salinity
Supplementary table B
The Early Devonian Xitun Vertebrate Fauna in South China inhabited a shallow marine environment with changing salinity
Supplementary table C
Description of the land use/cover classification system used in this study.
<p>Description of the land use/cover classification system used in this study.</p
The Early Devonian Xitun Vertebrate Fauna in South China inhabited a shallow marine environment with changing salinity
Supplementary table A
Growth and Stabilization of Silver Nanoparticles on Carbon Dots and Sensing Application
Carbon dots (C-dots) have been proven
to show the capability for
direct reduction of Ag<sup>+</sup> to elemental silver (Ag<sup>0</sup>) without additional reducing agent or external photoirradiation
by incubating Ag<sup>+</sup> with C-dots for 5 min in a water bath
at 50 °C. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are simultaneously formed
with an average size of 3.1 ± 1.5 nm and grew on carbon dots.
This process involves the oxidation of amine or phenol hydroxyl groups
on the aromatic ring of C-dots. Meanwhile C-dots protect and stabilize
the Ag-NPs from aggregation in aqueous medium; that is, the Ag-NPs
are stable at least for 45 days in aqueous medium. The formed Ag-NPs
cause significant resonance light scattering (RLS), which correlates
closely with the concentration of silver cation, and this facilitates
quantitative detection of silver in aqueous medium
Run-off flows released between the Yingluoxia and Zhengyixia hydrological stations and the available surface water resources in the middle reaches of the HRB from 1990 to 2011.
<p>Run-off flows released between the Yingluoxia and Zhengyixia hydrological stations and the available surface water resources in the middle reaches of the HRB from 1990 to 2011.</p
Maps of land use/cover in the study area over 2000–2011 (case 1 was a typical example of land use/cover change driven by migrants).
<p>Maps of land use/cover in the study area over 2000–2011 (case 1 was a typical example of land use/cover change driven by migrants).</p
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