Self-Referenced Smartphone Imaging for Visual Screening of H₂S Using Cu_<i>x</i>O‑Polypyrrole Conductive Aerogel Doped with Graphene Oxide Framework

Cu_<i>x</i>O-polypyrrole conductive aerogel loaded on graphene oxide framework (Cu_<i>x</i>O-PPy@GO) with a three-dimensional (3D) porous architecture was utilized for high-efficient visual screening of H₂S on a flexible paper substrate. The detectable signal was acquired on a portable smartphone by using a self-referenced imaging platform equipped with the light emitting diode (LED) accompanying an image processing. As a proof-of-concept, Cu_<i>x</i>O-PPy@GO aerogel-based sensing strategy was also developed for Na₂S detection and egg spoilage monitoring. Such a flexible paper-supported sensor is expected for potential application in portable and wearable food-safety fields

Self-Referenced Smartphone Imaging for Visual Screening of H₂S Using Cu_<i>x</i>O‑Polypyrrole Conductive Aerogel Doped with Graphene Oxide Framework

Cu_<i>x</i>O-polypyrrole conductive aerogel loaded on graphene oxide framework (Cu_<i>x</i>O-PPy@GO) with a three-dimensional (3D) porous architecture was utilized for high-efficient visual screening of H₂S on a flexible paper substrate. The detectable signal was acquired on a portable smartphone by using a self-referenced imaging platform equipped with the light emitting diode (LED) accompanying an image processing. As a proof-of-concept, Cu_<i>x</i>O-PPy@GO aerogel-based sensing strategy was also developed for Na₂S detection and egg spoilage monitoring. Such a flexible paper-supported sensor is expected for potential application in portable and wearable food-safety fields

Dual-Channel Photoelectrochemical Ratiometric Aptasensor with up-Converting Nanocrystals Using Spatial-Resolved Technique on Homemade 3D Printed Device

A near-infrared light-activated ratiometric photoelectrochemical aptasensor was fabricated for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) coupling with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)-semiconductor nanocrystals-based spatial-resolved technique on a homemade 3D printing device in which a self-regulating integrated electrode was designed for dual signal readout. The as-prepared NaYF4:Yb,Er UCNPs@CdTe nanocrystals were initially assembled on two adjacent photoelectrodes, then CEA aptamer 1 (A1) and capture DNA (CA) were modified onto two working photoelectrodes (WP1 and WP2) through covalent binding, respectively, and then gold nanoparticle-labeled CEA aptamer 2 (Au NP-A2) was immobilized on the surface of functional WP2 for the formation of double-stranded DNA. Upon target CEA introduction, the various concentrations of CEA were captured on the WP1, whereas the binding of the CEA with Au NP-A2 could be released from the WP2 thanks to the highly affinity of CEA toward A2. The dual signal readout with the “signal-off” of WP1 and “signal-on” of WP2 were employed for the spatial-resolved PEC (SR-PEC) strategy to detect CEA as an analytical model. Combining NaYF4:Yb,Er UCNPs@CdTe nanocrystals with spatial-resolved model on 3D printing device, the PEC ratiometric aptasensor based on steric hindrance effect and exciton–plasmon interactions (EPI) exhibited a linear range from 10.0 pg mL–1 to 5.0 ng mL–1 with a limit of detection of 4.8 pg mL–1 under 980 nm illumination. The SR-PEC ratiometric strategy showed acceptable stability and reproducibility with a superior anti-interference ability. This approach can provide the guidance for the design of ratiometric, multiplexed, and point-of-care biosensors

DataSheet1_Meta-path-based key node identification in heterogeneous networks.zip

Identifying key nodes in complex networks remains challenging. Whereas previous studies focused on homogeneous networks, real-world systems comprise multiple node and edge types. We propose a meta-path-based key node identification (MKNI) method in heterogeneous networks to better capture complex interconnectivity. Considering that existing studies ignore the differences in propagation probabilities between nodes, MKNI leverages meta-paths to extract semantics and perform node embeddings. Trust probabilities reflecting propagation likelihoods are derived by calculating embedding similarities. Node importance is calculated by using metrics incorporating direct and indirect influence based on trust. The experimental results on three real-world network datasets, DBLP, ACM and Yelp, show that the key nodes identified by MKNI exhibit better information propagation in the Susceptible Infected (SI) and susceptibility-influence model (SIR) model compared to other methods. The proposed method provides a reliable tool for revealing the topological structure and functional mechanisms of the network, which can guide more effective regulation and utilization of the network.</p

Additional file 1 of Achieving safe and high-performance gastrointestinal tract spectral CT imaging with small-molecule lanthanide complex

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Body weight fluctuations in DSS mice (n = 3) or healthy mice (n = 3) for 7 days. Data was expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Fig. S2. (a, b) TEM images of the as-prepared Ho-DOTA. (c) The size distribution histograms of Ho-DOTA. The particle size distribution of Ho-DOTA, counted from 260 nanoparticles shown in typical TEM images, showing these nanoparticles are with small size and their particle sizes were relatively uniform. Fig. S3. MALDI-TOF-MS of Ho-DOTA. MALDI-TOF-MS calcd for C16H24HoN4O8+ [M+H]+, 566.097; found 566.094. Fig. S4. The stability of Ho-DOTA in different media (100 mg/mL, from left to right: NaCl, PBS, FBS, DMEM and RPMI-1640) at 37 °C for 7 (a) and 14 days (b). Fig. S5. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of important organs for normal mice at different time points after the injection of iohexol (0.2 M) via the tail vein. Fig. S6. In vivo CT urography imaging using Ho-DOTA and iohexol (Blue arrows represent kidney and yellow arrows represent bladder). CT imaging after intravenous administration of (a) 0.2 mol/L Ho-DOTA, (b) 0.2 mol/L iohexol, (c) 0.1 mol/L Ho-DOTA and (d) 0.1 mol/L iohexol

Enzymatic Oxydate-Triggered Self-Illuminated Photoelectrochemical Sensing Platform for Portable Immunoassay Using Digital Multimeter

Herein a novel split-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensing platform was designed for sensitive detection of low-abundance biomarkers (prostate-specific antigen, PSA, used in this case) by coupling a peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (PO-CL) self-illuminated system with digital multimeter (DMM) readout. The PEC detection device consisted of a capacitor/DMM-joined electronic circuit and a PO-CL-based self-illuminated cell. Initially, reduced graphene oxide-doped BiVO₄ (BiVO₄-rGO) photovoltaic materials with good photoelectric properties was integrated into the capacitor/DMM-joined circuit for photocurrent generation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, as the hole-trapping reagent). A sandwich-type immunoreaction with target PSA was carried out in capture antibody-coated microplates by using glucose oxidase/detection antibody-conjugating gold nanoparticle (pAb₂-AuNP-GO<i>x</i>). Accompanying the sandwiched immunocomplex, the labeled GO<i>x</i> could oxidize glucose to produce H₂O₂. The as-generated H₂O₂ could act as the coreaction reagent to trigger the chemiluminescence of the peroxyoxalate system and the PEC reaction of the BiVO₄-rGO. Meanwhile, the self-illuminated light could induce photovoltaic material (BiVO₄-rGO) to produce a voltage that was utilized to charge an external capacitor. With the switch closed, the capacitor could discharge through the DMM and provide an instantaneous current. Different from conventional PEC immunoassays, the as-generated photoelectron was stored in the capacitor and released instantaneously to amplify the photocurrent. Under the optimal conditions, the transient current increased with the increasing target PSA concentration in the dynamic working range from 10 pg mL^–1 to 80 ng mL^–1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 3 pg mL^–1. This work demonstrated for the first time that the peroxyoxalate CL system could be used as a suitable substitute of physical light source to apply in PEC immunoassay. In addition, this methodology afforded good reproducibility, precision, and high specificity, and the method accuracy matched well with the commercial PSA ELISA kit. Importantly, the developed split-type photoelectrochemical immunoassay could not only avoid the interfering of the biomolecules relative to the photovoltaic materials but also eliminate the need of an exciting light source and expensive instrumentation, thus representing a user-friendly and low-cost assay protocol for practical utilization in quantitative low-abundance proteins

Semiautomated Support Photoelectrochemical Immunosensing Platform for Portable and High-Throughput Immunoassay Based on Au Nanocrystal Decorated Specific Crystal Facets BiVO₄ Photoanode

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurement has been developed rapidly for bioanalysis in recent years. However, the actual application for most existed PEC bioanalytical systems is still a challenge because the perfect solutions for sensing surface design, high-throughput detection, and portability are lacked. To successfully overcome these limitations and realize accurate, continuous screening and assessing on prognostic indicator of early stage cancer on the spot, an innovative and portable semiautomated support power-free photoelectrochemical (SP-PEC) immunosensing platform consisted with a miniature semiautomatic injection system and digital multimeter (DMM) readout is designed (prostate specific antigen, PSA, was used as the proof-of-concept analyte). Decahedral BiVO₄ that decorated with Au nanocrystal on {010} facets (Au-BiVO₄) by photodeposition is used as the photoanode materials to produce photocurrent signal under irradiation of micro laser light (5.0 w, λ ≥ 380 nm). The monoclonal anti-PSA capture antibody (mAb₁)-functionalized Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanobeads (mAb₁-MN) and glucose oxidase (GOx)/monoclonal detection antibody (mAb₂)-conjugated gold nanoparticle (GOx-AuNP-mAb₂) are employed as immunosensing probe and signal probe, respectively. The H₂O₂ as an excellent holes scavenger that in suit generated from GOx oxidization glucose substrate significantly amplifies the photocurrent. The variation of instantaneous current value that registered as the signal of the immunoassay increases linearly with the logarithm of target PSA concentration increasing in a wide range from 10 pg mL^–1 to 100 ng mL^–1 with a low detection limit (LOD) of 4.0 pg mL^–1. The SP-PEC immunosensing platform not only simplifies the assay process, but also improves detecting efficiency. The semiautomatic and portable SP-PEC analysis device allows analysis on spot and high-throughput continuous detection. Additional, we also gain deep insight into the relations between the specific shape as well as Au nanocrystal decoration and PEC activity and speculate the possible enhancement mechanisms of Au-BiVO₄. Therefore, the present work not only develops a flexible SP-PEC biosensor platform for rapid and continuous detection, but also provides a possible route for designing high performance photoelectric materials

DataSheet_1_Prediction of Metastasis in the Axillary Lymph Nodes of Patients With Breast Cancer: A Radiomics Method Based on Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography.docx

BackgroundThe use of traditional techniques to evaluate breast cancer is restricted by the subjective nature of assessment, variation across radiologists, and limited data. Radiomics may predict axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) of breast cancer more accurately.PurposeThe aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a radiomics model based on ALNs themselves that used contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) to detect ALNM of breast cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 402 patients with breast cancer confirmed by pathology from January 2016 to October 2019. Three hundred and ninety-six features were extracted for all patients from axial CECT images of 825 ALNs using Artificial Intelligent Kit software (GE Medical Systems, Version V3.1.0.R). Next, the radiomics model was trained, validated, and tested for predicting ALNM in breast cancer by using a support vector machine algorithm. Finally, the performance of the radiomics model was evaluated in terms of its classification accuracy and the value of the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsThe radiomics model yielded the best classification accuracy of 89.1% and the highest AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.91-0.93, p=0.002) for discriminating ALNM in breast cancer in the validation cohorts. In the testing cohorts, the model also demonstrated better performance, with an accuracy of 88.5% and an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.93-0.95, p=0.005) for predicting ALNM in breast cancer.ConclusionThe radiomics model based on CECT images can be used to predict ALNM in breast cancer and has significant potential in clinical noninvasive diagnosis and in the prediction of breast cancer metastasis.</p

A Non-Newtonian liquid metal enabled enhanced electrography

Biopotential signals, like electrocardiography (ECG), electromyography (EMG), and electroencephalography (EEG), can help diagnose cardiological, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. Dry silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes are commonly used to obtain these signals. While a conductive hydrogel can be added to Ag/AgCl electrodes to improve the contact and adhesion between the electrode and the skin, dry electrodes are prone to movement. Considering that the conductive hydrogel dries over time, the use of these electrodes often creates an imbalanced skin-electrode impedance and a number of sensing issues in the front-end analogue circuit. This issue can be extended to several other electrode types that are commonly in use, in particular, for applications with a need for long-term wearable monitoring such as ambulatory epilepsy monitoring. Liquid metal alloys, such as eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), can address key critical requirements around consistency and reliability but present challenges on low viscosity and the risk of leakage. To solve these problems, here, we demonstrate the use of a non-eutectic Ga–In alloy as a shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid to offer superior performance to commercial hydrogel electrodes, dry electrodes, and conventional liquid metals for electrography measurements. This material has high viscosity when still and can flow like a liquid metal when sheared, preventing leakage while allowing the effective fabrication of electrodes. Moreover, the Ga–In alloy not only has good biocompatibility but also offers an outstanding skin-electrode interface, allowing for the long-term acquisition of high-quality biosignals. The presented Ga–In alloy is a superior alternative to conventional electrode materials for real-world electrography or bioimpedance measurement