Data_Sheet_1_Abundance, diversity, and composition of root-associated microbial communities varied with tall fescue cultivars under water deficit.PDF

The plant breeding program has developed many cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) with low maintenance and stress tolerance. While the root-associated microbial community helps confer stress tolerance in the host plant, it is still largely unknown how the microbiota varies with plant cultivars under water stress. The study aimed to characterize drought-responsive bacteria and fungi in the roots and rhizosphere of different tall fescue cultivars. Intact grass-soil cores were collected from six cultivars grown in a field trial under no-irrigation for 3 years. Tall fescue under irrigation was also sampled from an adjacent area as the contrast. Bacterial and fungal communities in roots, rhizosphere, and bulk soil were examined for abundance, diversity, and composition using quantitative-PCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and ITS regions, respectively. Differences in microbial community composition and structure between non-irrigated and irrigated samples were statistically significant in all three microhabitats. No-irrigation enriched Actinobacteria in all three microhabitats, but mainly enriched Basidiomycota in the root endosphere and only Glomeromycota in bulk soil. Tall fescue cultivars slightly yet significantly modified endophytic microbial communities. Cultivars showing better adaptability to drought encompassed more relatively abundant Actinobacteria, Basidiomycota, or Glomeromycota in roots and the rhizosphere. PICRUSt2-based predictions revealed that the relative abundance of functional genes in roots related to phytohormones, antioxidant enzymes, and nutrient acquisition was enhanced under no-irrigation. Significant associations between Streptomyces and putative drought-ameliorating genes underscore possible mechanics for microbes to confer tall fescue with water stress tolerance. This work sheds important insight into the potential use of endophytic microbes for screening drought-adaptive genotypes and cultivars.</p

Miniaturized cavity filters based on concentric dual-coaxial SIR

Two concentric dual-coaxial SIR filters with different structures are proposed. The first is that the upper resonant cap wraps the lower resonant cap; the second is that the cap of the upper resonator no longer wraps the lower resonator. The dual-coaxial quarter-wavelength SIR structure improves the anti-vibration capability of the resonator, and the structure makes full use of the resonator space and improves the unloaded Q value. The insertion loss of the first filter is less than 0.3 dB, and the insertion loss of the second filter is less than 1.5 dB.</p

DataSheet1_A scientometrics study of the nanomedicines assisted in respiratory diseases.docx

Nanomedicine has been extensively studied for its versatility and broad-spectrum applications of theranostics in the research of respiratory disease. However, to the best of our knowledge, a scientometrics study based on the scientific knowledge assay of the overall situation on nanomedicine applied in the research of respiratory disease has not been reported so far, which would be of major importance to relevant researchers. To explore and exhibit the research status and developing trend of nanomedicines deployed in basic or clinical research in respiratory disease, the research ecosystem and exciting subareas were profiled based on the massive data mining and visualization from the relevant works reported from 2006 to 2021. Data were collected from the Web of Science database. Data statistics software and bibliometric analysis software were employed to visualize the research trend and the relationship between respiratory diseases and nanomedicines in each representative direction. The cluster analysis and burst detections indicated that the improvement of drug delivery and vaccine developments are the up-to-date key directions in nanomedicines for respiratory disease research and treatments. Furthermore, we emphatically studied four branch areas in this field including COVID-19, nanotube, respiratory syncytial virus, and mRNA vaccine those are selected for in-depth mining and bibliometric coupling analysis. Research trends signify the future focuses will center on preventing respiratory diseases with mRNA vaccines using nanoparticle-based approaches. We anticipate our study will enable researchers to have the panorama and deep insights in this area, thus inspiriting further exploitations especially the nanobiomaterial-based systems for theranostic applications in respiratory disease treatment.</p

Dataset for article "Organic and inorganic nitrogen amendments reduce biodegradation of biodegradable plastic mulch films".

This file includes raw datasets used to prepare figures and tables for manuscript titled "Organic and inorganic nitrogen amendments suppress decomposition of biodegradable plastic mulch films" to be submitted by Bandopadhyay et al. to the journal SOIL by EGU. </p

DataSheet_1_Can antibiotics for enteritis or for urinary tract infection disrupt the urinary microbiota in rats?.zip

BackgroundTo establish antibiotic preregimes and administration routes for studies on urinary microbiota.Methods and materialsAntibiotics for enteritis (Abx-enteritis) and UTIs (Abx-UTI) were administered via gavage and/or urinary catheterisation (UC) for 1 and/or 2 weeks. The effects of these Abx on the urinary microbiota of rats were examined via 16S rRNA sequencing and urine culture, including anaerobic and aerobic culture. Additionally, the safety of the Abx was examined.ResultsAbx-enteritis/Abx-UTI (0.5 g/L and 1 g/L) administered via gavage did not alter the microbial community and bacterial diversity in the urine of rats (FDR > 0.05); however, Abx-UTI (1 g/L) administered via UC for 1 and 2 weeks altered the urinary microbial community (FDR ConclusionsAdministration of Abx-UTI via UC for 1 week can be considered a pre-treatment option while investigating the urinary microbiota.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Simultaneous PET/fMRI Detects Distinctive Alterations in Functional Connectivity and Glucose Metabolism of Precuneus Subregions in Alzheimer’s Disease.docx

As a central hub in the interconnected brain network, the precuneus has been reported showing disrupted functional connectivity and hypometabolism in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, as a highly heterogeneous cortical structure, little is known whether individual subregion of the precuneus is uniformly or differentially involved in the progression of AD. To this end, using a hybrid PET/fMRI technique, we compared resting-state functional connectivity strength (FCS) and glucose metabolism in dorsal anterior (DA_pcu), dorsal posterior (DP_pcu) and ventral (V_pcu) subregions of the precuneus among 20 AD patients, 23 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 27 matched cognitively normal (CN) subjects. The sub-parcellation of precuneus was performed using a K-means clustering algorithm based on its intra-regional functional connectivity. For the whole precuneus, decreased FCS (p = 0.047) and glucose hypometabolism (p = 0.006) were observed in AD patients compared to CN subjects. For the subregions of the precuneus, decreased FCS was found in DP_pcu of AD patients compared to MCI patients (p = 0.011) and in V_pcu for both MCI (p = 0.006) and AD (p = 0.008) patients compared to CN subjects. Reduced glucose metabolism was found in DP_pcu of AD patients compared to CN subjects (p = 0.038) and in V_pcu of AD patients compared to both MCI patients (p = 0.045) and CN subjects (p < 0.001). For both FCS and glucose metabolism, DA_pcu remained relatively unaffected by AD. Moreover, only in V_pcu, disruptions in FCS (r = 0.498, p = 0.042) and hypometabolism (r = 0.566, p = 0.018) were significantly correlated with the cognitive decline of AD patients. Our results demonstrated a distinctively disrupted functional and metabolic pattern from ventral to dorsal precuneus affected by AD, with V_pcu and DA_pcu being the most vulnerable and conservative subregion, respectively. Findings of this study extend our knowledge on the differential roles of precuneus subregions in AD.</p

DataSheet_1_Gut Mycobiome in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Was Altered and Associated With Immunological Profiles.pdf

ObjectivesMounting evidence suggests that bacterial dysbiosis and immunity disorder are associated with patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the mycobiome is beginning to gain recognition as a fundamental part of our microbiome. We aim to characterize the profile of the mycobiome in the gut of CKD patients and its correlation to serum immunological profiles.Methods and materialsNinety-two CKD patients and sex–age–body mass index (BMI)–matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Fresh samples were collected using sterile containers. ITS transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed on the samples. An immunoturbidimetric test was used to assess the serum levels of immunological features.ResultsThe CKD cohort displayed a different microbial community from that in the HC cohort according to principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). (P=0.001). The comparison of the two cohorts showed that the CKD cohort had significantly higher gut microbial richness and diversity (PConclusionsNot only was gut mycobiome dysbiosis observed in CKD patients, but the dysbiosis was also associated with the immunological disorder. These findings suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting gut mycobiome might be effective.</p