EUSO-OffLine: A Comprehensive Simulation and Analysis Framework

The complexity of modern cosmic ray observatories and the rich data sets they capture often require a sophisticated software framework to support the simulation of physical processes, detector response, as well as reconstruction and analysis of real and simulated data. Here we present the EUSO-OffLine framework. The code base was originally developed by the Pierre Auger Collaboration, and portions of it have been adopted by other collaborations to suit their needs. We have extended this software to fulfill the requirements of UHECR detectors and VHE neutrino detectors developed for the JEM-EUSO. These path-finder instruments constitute a program to chart the path to a future space-based mission like POEMMA. For completeness, we describe the overall structure of the framework developed by the Pierre Auger collaboration and continue with a description of the JEM-EUSO simulation and reconstruction capabilities. The framework is written predominantly in modern C++ and incorporates third-party libraries chosen based on functionality and our best judgment regarding support and longevity. Modularity is a central notion in the framework design, a requirement for large collaborations in which many individuals contribute to a common code base and often want to compare different approaches to a given problem. For the same reason, the framework is designed to be highly configurable, which allows us to contend with a variety of JEM-EUSO missions and observation scenarios. We also discuss how we incorporate broad, industry-standard testing coverage which is necessary to ensure quality and maintainability of a relatively large code base, and the tools we employ to support a multitude of computing platforms and enable fast, reliable installation of external packages. Finally, we provide a few examples of simulation and reconstruction applications using EUSO-OffLine

Silicon Photomultipliers for Orbital Ultra High EnergyCosmic Ray Observation

Development of the Silicon photomultiplier Elementary Cell Add-on camera (SiECA) has provided extensive information regarding the use of SiPMs for future cosmic ray detection systems. We present the technical aspects of sensor readout development utilizing Citiroc ASIC chips from Weeroc controlled by a Xilinx FPGA to process and package events from four 64 channel Hamamatsu MPPC S13361 arrays generating 128 frame events with an integration time of 2.5ms (parameters are based on JEM-EUSO geometry but can be easily adjusted). With single photon counting capability, SiECA proves SiPM are viable sensors to replace Multi-Anode PhotoMultiplier Tubes in future devices, especially when high luminosity exposure is possible potentially damaging MAPMT based systems. Complementary to the technical aspects, computational and analysis methods for sensor array characterization and in depth device flat-fielding are presented. Provided channel by channel biasing, in comparison to uniform biasing with MAPMTs, fine tuning of operating parameters with MPPC arrays allows for substantial improvements in detector and signal uniformity.Comment: presented at the 36th ICRC (Madison, WI; 2019

The First Level Trigger of JEM-EUSO: Concept and tests

The trigger system of JEM-EUSO is designed to meet specific challenging requirements. These include managing a large number of pixels ( 3·10^5) and using a very fast, low power consuming, and radiation hard electronics. It must achieve a high signal-to-noise performance and flexibility and cope with the limited down-link transmission rate from the International Space Station (ISS) to Earth. The general overview of the First Level Trigger for cosmic ray detection is reviewed; tests that validate its performance are discussed