3 research outputs found
Effect of Bioprocessing on the <i>In Vitro</i> Colonic Microbial Metabolism of Phenolic Acids from Rye Bran Fortified Breads
Cereal
bran is an important source of dietary fiber and bioactive
compounds, such as phenolic acids. We aimed to study the phenolic
acid metabolism of native and bioprocessed rye bran fortified refined
wheat bread and to elucidate the microbial metabolic route of phenolic
acids. After incubation in an <i>in vitro</i> colon model,
the metabolites were analyzed using two different methods applying
mass spectrometry. While phenolic acids were released more extensively
from the bioprocessed bran bread and ferulic acid had consistently
higher concentrations in the bread type during fermentation, there
were only minor differences in the appearance of microbial metabolites,
including the diminished levels of certain phenylacetic acids in the
bioprocessed bran. This may be due to rye matrix properties, saturation
of ferulic acid metabolism, or a rapid formation of intermediary metabolites
left undetected. In addition, we provide expansion to the known metabolic
pathways of phenolic acids
Release of Small Phenolic Compounds from Brewer’s Spent Grain and Its Lignin Fractions by Human Intestinal Microbiota in Vitro
Brewer’s spent grain (BSG),
the major side-stream from brewing,
is rich in protein, lignin, and nonstarch polysaccharides. Lignin
is a polyphenolic macromolecule considered resilient toward breakdown
and utilization by colon microbiota, although some indications of
release of small phenolic components from lignin in animals have been
shown. The aim of this study was to investigate if the human intestinal
microbiota can release lignans and small phenolic compounds from whole
BSG, a lignin-enriched insoluble fraction from BSG and a deferuloylated
fraction, in a metabolic in vitro colon model. The formation of short-chain
fatty acid (SCFA) was also investigated. More lignin-related monomers
and dilignols were detected from the lignin-enriched fraction than
from BSG or deferuloylated BSG. SCFA formation was not suppressed
by any of the fractions. It was shown that small lignin-like compounds
were released from these samples in the in vitro colon model, originating
most likely from lignin
Integrated lipidomics and proteomics point to early blood-based changes in childhood preceding later development of psychotic experiences: evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Background: The identification of early biomarkers of psychotic experiences (PEs) is of interest because early diagnosis and treatment of those at risk of future disorder is associated with improved outcomes. The current study investigated early lipidomic and coagulation pathway protein signatures of later PEs in subjects from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort.Methods: Plasma of 115 children (12 years of age) who were first identified as experiencing PEs at 18 years of age (48 cases and 67 controls) were assessed through integrated and targeted lipidomics and semitargeted proteomics approaches. We assessed the lipids, lysophosphatidylcholines (n = 11) and phosphatidylcholines (n = 61), and the protein members of the coagulation pathway (n = 22) and integrated these data with complement pathway protein data already available on these subjects.Results: Twelve phosphatidylcholines, four lysophosphatidylcholines, and the coagulation protein plasminogen were altered between the control and PEs groups after correction for multiple comparisons. Lipidomic and proteomic datasets were integrated into a multivariate network displaying a strong relationship between most lipids that were significantly associated with PEs and plasminogen. Finally, an unsupervised clustering approach identified four different clusters, with one of the clusters presenting the highest case-control ratio (p Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the lipidome and proteome of subjects who report PEs at 18 years of age are already altered at 12 years of age, indicating that metabolic dysregulation may contribute to an early vulnerability to PEs and suggesting crosstalk between these lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, and coagulation and complement proteins.</p