ECTOMYCORRHIZAL MUSHROOMS DIVERSITY IN SORAYA RESEARCH STATION LEUSER ECOSYSTEM

Ectomycorrhizal macro fungi have a mutualistic symbiosis with several plants, including those from the Dipterocarpaceae, Myrtaceae, and Fagaceae families. The existence of ectomycorrhizal macro fungi in nature is very important to preserve, therefore this study was conducted to determine the diversity of ectomycorrhizal macro fungi at Soraya Research Station. This study aims to determine the diversity of ectomycorrhizal macro fungi at the Soraya Research Stasiun Subulussalam, Leuser Ecosystem Area. The study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2022. The research method used is an exploratory survey, sampling using the squared method, using a permanent phenological plot of 20 plots measuring 20 m x 20 m, which are randomly placed in the secondary forest of the Soraya Research Station. The results obtained consisted of 5 orders, 14 families, 31 species, and 1440 individual numbers of ectomycorrhizal macro fungi. The most numerous species are obtained from the Boletaceae family, which is 5 species, and the Russulaceae family is 4 species. The ectomycorrhizal macro fungi species diversity index is relatively moderate at 2,997

The Endophytic Actinobacterial Toxicity Test of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Used The BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) Method

Abstract: Cancer is the biggest cause of death in Indonesia. Cancer treatment efforts have been made but it could harm cancer patients. It is necessary to find another alternative from nature as an anticancer. This study aims to see the ability of endophytic actinobacterial isolates from ginger (Zingiber officinale) as an anticancer tested using the BSLT method (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) by calculating the values of LC50 and LT50. The best value isolates from the BSLT method, then tested using phytochemical ethanol extract. The highest toxicity value was found in AJ2 isolates. LC50 and LT50 values of AJ2 isolates were 309.358 µg/ml and 11.879 hours. Phytochemical results of ethanol extract of AJ2 isolates were detected containing steroids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. AJ2 isolates which derived from ginger endophytic actinobacteria have potential as an anticancer because they have high toxic values that rised rapidly.Abstrak: Kanker menjadi penyebab kematian terbesar di Indonesia. Upaya pengobatan kanker sudah dilakukan namun memberikan dampak negatif bagi penderita kanker. Perlu dilakukan penemuan alternatif lain berasal dari alam sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan isolat aktinobakteri endofit asal jahe (Zingiber officinale) sebagai antikanker. 7 isolat aktinobakteri endofit jahe diuji menggunakan metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) dengan menghitung nilai LC50 dan LT50. Isolat nilai terbaik dari metode BSLT, selanjutnya diuji  menggunakan fitokimia ekstrak etanol. Nilai toksisitas tertinggi terdapat pada isolat AJ2. Nilai LC50 dan LT50 isolat AJ2 adalah 309,358 µg/ml dan 11,879 jam. Hasil fitokimia ekstrak etanol isolat AJ2 terdeteksi mengandung steroid, terpenoid, fenol, tanin, flavonoid, alkaloid dan saponin. Isolat AJ2 yang berasal dari actinobacteria endofit jahe berpotensi sebagai antikanker karena memiliki nilai toksik yang tinggi dalam waktu singkat

Exploration of IAA and HCN Producing Rhizobacteria from Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Rhizosphere

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of beneficial bacteria that live in rhizosphere. These bacteria can promote plant growth through several mechanisms, such as the ones produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) hormone and hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and act as biocontrol agents. The use of PGPR to promote plant growth has been known to be an environmentally friendly alternative approach. The aim of this study was to explore IAA and HCN producing rhizobacteria from cassava rhizosphere soil and identify the bacteria based on morphological and biochemical characters, hypersensitive reaction test, and the ability test to produce IAA and HCN. The results showed nine bacterial isolates suspected as Micrococcus sp. (six isolates), Neisseria sp. (two isolates), and Bacillus sp. (one isolate). All isolates were able to produce IAA in the concentration range of 50,63–135,00 µg/ml and 232,3–333,9 µg/ml at incubation time of 2 and 4 days, respectively. All isolates were able to produce HCN. In addition, the isolates did not show hypersensitivity reactions. Further study is needed to assess the isolate application for promoting plant growth as well as a biocontrol agent of plant pathogen

Identifikasi Lactobacillus sp pada Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii) Liar Menggunakan KIT API 50 CHL di Stasiun Penelitian Suaq Belimbing Aceh Selatan

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) has many benefits for human and animal health and has been widely used as a probiotic. One of the LAB is the genus Lactobacillus which consists of many species used for fermentation and food preservation. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the LAB of the genus Lactobacillus from the faeces of wild Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) at the Suaq Belimbing Research Station in South Aceh. Bacterial isolation was carried out using Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA). Colonies that grew on MRSA media were observed for morphology and were Gram stained. Biochemical tests were conducted using KIT API 50 CHL. Data analysis used the Apiweb computer program Version V-5.2. The results showed that the OUL isolate was a species of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp delbrueckii, with an identity of 93.8%. Based on this, it can be concluded that there is a Lactic Acid Bacteria of the Lactobacillus in the faeces of wild Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) at the Suaq Belimbing Research Station in South Aceh

Antibacterial activity of mexican sunflower leaf Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray Aqueous extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

The research of antibacterial activity of Mexican sunflower leaf Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray aqueous extract against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was carried out. The research aimed to observe the antibacterial activity of Mexican sunflower leaves aqueous extract to inhibit the growth of MRSA with concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. The extracts were obtained by the maceration method, and the antibacterial activity was tested using the agar well diffusion method. Characterization of Mexican sunflower leaves simplicia were obtained with water level 9%, water-soluble level 21,6%, ethanol-soluble level 10,3%, and total ash level 14,36%. Characterization of Mexican sunflower leaves aqueous extracts were obtained with water level 26,36%, water-soluble level 53,13%, ethanol-soluble level 26,36%, and total ash level 19,98%. Phytochemical screening revealed that aqueous extract of Mexican sunflower leaves contained secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The largest inhibitory zone was shown at a 50% extract concentration with a diameter of 12,40 mm. The aqueous extract of Mexican sunflower leaves was capable to form the inhibition zone on the MRSA growth

PENAMBAHAN AMPAS TEBU SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT BIBIT DALAM PRODUKSI JAMUR MERANG (Volvariella volvacea)

Jamur merang (Volvariella volvacea) merupakan salah satu sumber protein dan produksinya di dunia terus meningkat. Penggunaan ampas tebu (Saccharum officinarum) merupakan alternatif yang lebih murah dan mudah diperoleh sebagai bahan campuran substrat bibit jamur merang. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh penambahan ampas tebu pada substrat bibit terhadap produksi bibit jamur merang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kecepatan pertumbuhan miselium, awal dan lamanya panen, diameter tubuh buah dan berat rata-rata per tubuh buah. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (ANAVA) kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pada kecepatan pertumbuhan miselium jamur merang dalam media bibit yang ditambahkan ampas tebu. Perlakuan M0 (kontrol) mengalami pertumbuhan miselium lebih cepat dan diikuti perlakuan M1, sedangkan perlakuan M2 dan M3 relatif lebih lambat. Panen awal pada produksi jamur untuk tiap perlakuan berbeda. Penambahan ampas tebu pada bibit tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat rata-rata per tubuh buah jamur dan diameter tubuh buah jamur yang dihasilkan

PENGARUH MARINASI MADU TERHADAP KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGIS DAGING SAPI (Boss sp.)

Penelitian ini menggunakan madu sebagai pengawet daging sapi (Boss sp.). Tujuannya adalah untuk mengukur dan mengamati pengaruh marinasi madu terhadap total pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli pada daging sapi (Boss sp.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Syiah Kuala dari bulan Agustus sampai bulan Desember 2014. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan terhadap lamanya marinasi pada waktu 5, 10, 15 dan 20 menit berpengaruh nyata (

A text criticism of Hikayat Si Miskin: A textological study of writing and use of letters

This research aim to describe a textological study of the issue of how the Hikayat Si Miskin manuscript text from the Harvad University - Houghton Library/ ms_Indo_18-METS collection was translated into handwritten Arabic-Malay script, the appearance of which is much different from the standard form of the letters of this script. This is the most important part in the textological study of the subfield of philology before the editing of texts from the old Malay Arabic-Malay script into Latin script is presented. His identity as the author is not included at the front of his work, but at the end of the manuscript called the colophon. The presentation of a text that has been cleaned of all writing errors paves the way for further study of the content of the text from various aspects related to the existence of the form and content of the text being studied, such as a study of the structural content of the text, a study of linguistic aspects, a study of social values. and culture, it is even possible to examine historical elements, because manuscripts are historical documents that describe the life systems and patterns of old society. The method used to discuss text issues and content that can be studied in various related scientific disciplines is the standard text criticism method, namely a philological method that attempts to re-present classical texts by criticizing and correcting corrupt texts. In accordance with the focus of the discussion which focuses on writing and visual text writing, the research results found writing irregularities and errors in writing lacunae, substitutions, additions, transpositions, dittography, and haplography. The most common writing errors are substitution errors

Merdeka Belajar Merdeka Mengajar

Kebijakan pemerintah “Merdeka Belajar, Kampus Merdeka” tentu menimbulkan respon tersendiri bagi para dosen selaku akademisi bagaimana menyikapi, merencanakan, menyusun dan mengimplementasikan sistem dan model belajar yang paling sesuai dengan kebijakan tersebut. Dan di buku Antologi inilah akan dijumpai berbagai pandangan, pemikiran, dan juga mungkin gambaran usulan untuk mengimplementasikan kebijakan MBKM di era informasi teknologi yang sangat cepat berubah dewasa ini. Sebagai pendidik profesional, para dosen tentu memiliki kiat dan cara tersendiri untuk bisa menghasilkan output lulusan peserta didik yang benar-benar sesuai dengan tujuan dan target kebijakan MBKM tersebu