Supersolid state in fermionic optical lattice systems

We study ultracold fermionic atoms trapped in an optical lattice with harmonic confinement by combining the real-space dynamical mean-field theory with a two-site impurity solver. By calculating the local particle density and the pair potential in the systems with different clusters, we discuss the stability of a supersolid state, where an s-wave superfluid coexists with a density-wave state of checkerboard pattern. It is clarified that a confining potential plays an essential role in stabilizing the supersolid state. The phase diagrams are obtained for several effective particle densities.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. A in pres

ナガイ フクゴウ メイシ ノ リズム ト アクセント インリツオン インロン カラ ノ コウサツ

モーラ(拍)単位を基本にした先行研究は、複合名詞 (N1・N2) を‘短い’複合名詞 (N2≦二拍)と‘長い’複合名詞 (N2≧三拍)に大別し、‘短い’複合名詞のアクセント型は予測が難しく、‘長い’複合名詞のアクセント型は、複合前の N2 のアクセント核位置が分かれば、ある程度予測可能だと指摘している。 本稿は、先行研究で N2 のアクセント核位置が分かれば、アクセント型の予測が可能だと指摘されている‘長い’複合名詞に焦点をあてた。そして NHK 発音アクセント辞典 (1998) から、‘長い’複合名詞を抜粋して、N2 のアクセント核の位置と全体のアクセント型との関係を韻律音韻論の視点から考察した。その結果‘長い’複合名詞は、さらに三拍≦N2≦四拍と、N2≧五拍に区別されることが明らかになった。また、今回のフット(音歩)単位を基本にした研究で、‘長い’複合名詞全体のアクセント型が、 複合前の N2 のアクセント核位置に関係なく、単に N2 の韻律的長さに従って比較的簡単に予測できることが判った。これにより日本語学習者のアクセント核位置に対する記憶負担は大きく軽減されることになる。Previous studies (McCawley 1977, Higurashi 1983, Tsujimura and Davis 1987, Sato 1989, Akinaga 2001) divide Japanese noun-noun compounds (N1*N2) into two types —\u27short\u27 (N2≦2 morae) and \u27long\u27 (N2≧3 morae) nominal compounds. It is agreed in the literature that a generalized prediction of the accent pattern of \u27short\u27 nominal compounds is difficult, but the accent pattern of \u27long\u27 nominal compounds can be predicted to a certain extent by finding the position of the accented mora in N2. This paper will focus on \u27long\u27 nominal compounds and examine their accent patterns based on a metrical approach. To do this, a series of \u27long\u27 nominal compounds are extracted from the NHK Dictionary of Pronunciation and Accents (1998) and examined according to the rules of metrical phonology (Hayes 1995). It has then become clear that there exists a difference (dividing line) in the rhythm construction process for N2\u27s composed of 3 or 4 morae and N2\u27s with 5 or greater than 5 morae. Furthermore, these findings make the prediction of the accent pattern for \u27long\u27 nominal compounds possible in a principled way regardless of the position of the accented mora in N2 (which previously was held to be unpredictable). That is to say, the memory burden on the learner of the language could be alleviated significantly

チカラ ナキ モノ ワ イッパツ ショウブ ニ カケルベキカ リフジンナ シッパイ ニ ショウテン オ アテテ

本研究では、所与の課題に限定した能力を実験的に操作することによって、集団内に5 段階の能力差を作り出した。実験には60 名の大学生が研究協力者として参加した。能力差のある5 人による集団実験を行い、1 人だけが勝者になる課題に取り組んだ。1 回勝負においては勝者が1位～4 位からほぼ均等にあらわれたのに対し、10 回勝負においては12 集団中11 集団で1 位と2位が勝者となった。このことから、力なき者は一発勝負に賭けるべきであることが確認された。さらに高い能力を持ちながら1 回勝負において理不尽な失敗をした成員の心理的指標を調べた。その結果、集団内で1 位の能力を持ちながら敗者となった参加者は、2 位の者が勝者となった場合は3 位と4 位が勝者になった場合よりもネガティブな感情が少なく、やる気が低下することがわかった。これらの結果に基づき、理不尽な失敗に関して論じた。The purpose of this study was to examine whether a lower ability player should bet it all on a singlegame match. Sixty undergraduate students participated in this experiment. In this research, their ability concerned to a given task was manipulated to five ranks. Five people, one from each rank, joined a game as one group on a single-game match and 10-game match. In a single-game match, twelve winners were distributed over 4 groups above the lowest rank. On the other hand, eleven of 12 winners in a 10-game match were from the first rank and the 2nd rank groups. It was confirmed that a lower ability player should bet it all on a single-game match. 　Moreover, the emotion of loser having irrational failure were discussed. In a single-game match, losers in the first rank had less negative emotion when the second rank players won than when those of the third and fourth ranks did. However, the results of 10-game match were very complex

Antipsychotic olanzapine-induced misfolding of proinsulin in the endoplasmic reticulum accounts for atypical development of diabetes

オランザピンの非典型的糖尿病誘発機構を解明 --体重増加以外にも注意が必要--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2020-12-02.Second-generation antipsychotics are widely used to medicate patients with schizophrenia, but may cause metabolic side effects such as diabetes, which has been considered to result from obesity-associated insulin resistance. Olanzapine is particularly well known for this effect. However, clinical studies have suggested that olanzapine-induced hyperglycemia in certain patients cannot be explained by such a generalized mechanism. Here, we focused on the effects of olanzapine on insulin biosynthesis and secretion by mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells. Olanzapine reduced maturation of proinsulin, and thereby inhibited secretion of insulin; and specifically shifted the primary localization of proinsulin from insulin granules to the endoplasmic reticulum. This was due to olanzapine’s impairment of proper disulfide bond formation in proinsulin, although direct targets of olanzapine remain undetermined. Olanzapine-induced proinsulin misfolding and subsequent decrease also occurred at the mouse level. This mechanism of olanzapine-induced β-cell dysfunction should be considered, together with weight gain, when patients are administered olanzapine